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/*
Copyright (c) 2012-2013 Martin Sustrik All rights reserved.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom
the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
IN THE SOFTWARE.
*/
#ifndef NN_TRIE_INCLUDED
#define NN_TRIE_INCLUDED
#include "../../utils/int.h"
#include <stddef.h>
/* This class implements highly memory-efficient patricia trie. */
/* Maximum length of the prefix. */
#define NN_TRIE_PREFIX_MAX 10
/* Maximum number of children in the sparse mode. */
#define NN_TRIE_SPARSE_MAX 8
/* 'type' is set to this value when in the dense mode. */
#define NN_TRIE_DENSE_TYPE (NN_TRIE_SPARSE_MAX + 1)
/* This structure represents a node in patricia trie. It's a header to be
followed by the array of pointers to child nodes. Each node represents
the string composed of all the prefixes on the way from the trie root,
including the prefix in that node. */
struct nn_trie_node
{
/* Number of subscriptions to the given string. */
uint32_t refcount;
/* Number of elements is a sparse array, or NN_TRIE_DENSE_TYPE in case
the array of children is dense. */
uint8_t type;
/* The node adds more characters to the string, compared to the parent
node. If there is only a single character added, it's represented
directly in the child array. If there's more than one character added,
all but the last one are stored as a 'prefix'. */
uint8_t prefix_len;
uint8_t prefix [NN_TRIE_PREFIX_MAX];
/* The array of characters pointing to individual children of the node.
Actual pointers to child nodes are stored in the memory following
nn_trie_node structure. */
union {
/* Sparse array means that individual children are identified by
characters stored in 'children' array. The number of characters
in the array is specified in the 'type' field. */
struct {
uint8_t children [NN_TRIE_SPARSE_MAX];
} sparse;
/* Dense array means that the array of node pointers following the
structure corresponds to a continuous list of characters starting
by 'min' character and ending by 'max' character. The characters
in the range that have no corresponding child node are represented
by NULL pointers. 'nbr' is the count of child nodes. */
struct {
uint8_t min;
uint8_t max;
uint16_t nbr;
/* There are 4 bytes of padding here. */
} dense;
} u;
};
/* The structure is followed by the array of pointers to children. */
struct nn_trie {
/* The root node of the trie (representing the empty subscription). */
struct nn_trie_node *root;
};
/* Initialise an empty trie. */
void nn_trie_init (struct nn_trie *self);
/* Release all the resources associated with the trie. */
void nn_trie_term (struct nn_trie *self);
/* Add the string to the trie. If the string is not yet there, 1 is returned.
If it already exists in the trie, its reference count is incremented and
0 is returned. */
int nn_trie_subscribe (struct nn_trie *self, const uint8_t *data, size_t size);
/* Remove the string from the trie. If the string was actually removed,
1 is returned. If reference count was decremented without falling to zero,
0 is returned. */
int nn_trie_unsubscribe (struct nn_trie *self, const uint8_t *data,
size_t size);
/* Checks the supplied string. If it matches it returns 1, if it does not
it returns 0. */
int nn_trie_match (struct nn_trie *self, const uint8_t *data, size_t size);
/* Debugging interface. */
void nn_trie_dump (struct nn_trie *self);
#endif