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<li class=""><a href="/core/atlas/howitworks.html">How Atlas Works</a></li>
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<!-- -->
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<li class=""><a href="/core/atlas/howtouse.html">How to Use the Atlas Network</a></li>
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</ul>
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<h5>Reference</h5>
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<ul class="uk-nav uk-nav-default doc-nav">
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<li class=""><a href="/common/javascript_ref.html">Blockstack Javascript Reference</a></li>
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<li class=""><a href="/common/core_ref.html">Blockstack CORE API</a></li>
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<li class=""><a href="/core/faq_technical.html">Blockstack Technical FAQ</a></li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div class="uk-width-1-1 uk-width-expand@m">
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<article markdown="span" class="uk-article">
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<h1 class="uk-article-title">Naming system feature comparison</h1>
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<div class="uk-article-meta uk-margin-top uk-margin-medium-bottom">
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<!-- <img class="avatar avatar-small" alt="Blockstack" width="32" height="32" data-proofer-ignore="true" src="https://avatars2.githubusercontent.com/Blockstack?v=3&s=32" srcset="https://avatars2.githubusercontent.com/Blockstack?v=3&s=32 1x, https://avatars2.githubusercontent.com/Blockstack?v=3&s=64 2x, https://avatars2.githubusercontent.com/Blockstack?v=3&s=96 3x, https://avatars2.githubusercontent.com/Blockstack?v=3&s=128 4x" /> -->
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<!-- Written by <span itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><span itemprop="name">Blockstack</span></span><br> -->
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<time datetime="2018-09-14T09:05:56-07:00" itemprop="datePublished">
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<a "target="_blank" href="https://github.com/blockstack/blockstack-core/blob/master/docs/comparison.md" class="btn btn-default githubEditButton" role="button">
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<span data-uk-icon="icon: pencil; ratio: 1.2"></span> Edit this page on Github</a>
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<span style="font-family:Wingdings">w</span> Sep 14, 2018
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</time>
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</div>
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<div markdown="span" class="article-content">
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<p class="no_toc">BNS is not the only naming system in wide-spread use, nor is it the only
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decentralized naming system that implements human-readable, globally-unique, and
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strongly-owned names. This page describes some other naming systems in
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comparison to Blockstack:</p>
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<ul id="markdown-toc">
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<li><a href="#blockstack-vs-dns" id="markdown-toc-blockstack-vs-dns">Blockstack vs DNS</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="#blockstack-vs-namecoin" id="markdown-toc-blockstack-vs-namecoin">Blockstack vs Namecoin</a></li>
|
|
<li><a href="#blockstack-vs-ens" id="markdown-toc-blockstack-vs-ens">Blockstack vs ENS</a></li>
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<li><a href="#summary-feature-comparison" id="markdown-toc-summary-feature-comparison">Summary feature comparison</a></li>
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</ul>
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<h2 id="blockstack-vs-dns">Blockstack vs DNS</h2>
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<p>Blockstack and DNS both implement naming systems, but in fundamentally
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different ways. Blockstack <em>can be used</em> for resolving host names to IP
|
|
addresses, but this is not its default use-case. The <a href="/core/naming/introduction.html">Blockstack Naming
|
|
Service</a> (BNS) instead behaves
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|
more like a decentralized
|
|
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightweight_Directory_Access_Protocol">LDAP</a> system for
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resolving user names to user data.</p>
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<p>While DNS and BNS handle different problems, they share some terminology and
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|
serialization formats. However, it is important to recognize that this is the
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<em>only</em> thing they have in common—BNS has fundamentally different semantics
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than DNS:</p>
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<ul>
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|
<li>
|
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<p><strong>Zone files</strong>: Blockstack stores a DNS zone file for each name. However,
|
|
the semantics of a BNS zone file are nothing like the semantics of a DNS zone
|
|
file—the only thing they have in common is their format.
|
|
A “standard” Blockstack zone files only have <code class="highlighter-rouge">URI</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">TXT</code> resource records
|
|
that point to the user’s application data. Moreover, a Blockstack ID has a
|
|
<em>history</em> of zone files, and historic zone files can alter the way in which a
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|
Blockstack ID gets resolved (DNS has no such concept). It is conceivable that an advanced
|
|
user could add <code class="highlighter-rouge">A</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">AAAA</code> records to their Blockstack ID’s zone file,
|
|
but these are not honored by any Blockstack software at this time.</p>
|
|
</li>
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<li>
|
|
<p><strong>Subdomains</strong>: Blockstack has the concept of a subdomain, but it is
|
|
semantically very different from a DNS subdomain. In Blockstack, a subdomain
|
|
is a Blockstack ID whose state and transaction history are anchored to the
|
|
blockchain, but stored within an on-chain Blockstack ID’s zone file history.
|
|
Unlike DNS subdomains, a BNS subdomain has
|
|
its own owner and is a first-class BNS name—all subdomains are resolvable,
|
|
and only the subdomain’s owner can update the subdomain’s records. The only thing BNS subdomains and DNS
|
|
subdomains have in common is the name format (e.g. <code class="highlighter-rouge">foo.bar.baz</code> is a subdomain
|
|
of <code class="highlighter-rouge">bar.baz</code> in both DNS and BNS).</p>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
<p>More details can be found in the <a href="/core/naming/comparison.html">Blockstack vs
|
|
DNS</a> document. A feature
|
|
comparison can be found at the end of the <a href="/core/naming/introduction.html">Blockstack Naming
|
|
Service</a> document.</p>
|
|
|
|
<h2 id="blockstack-vs-namecoin">Blockstack vs Namecoin</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>Namecoin also implements a decentralized naming service on top of a blockchain,
|
|
just like BNS. In fact, early versions of Blockstack were built on Namecoin.
|
|
However, <a href="https://www.usenix.org/node/196209">it was discovered</a> that Namecoin’s
|
|
merged mining with Bitcoin regularly placed it under the <em>de facto</em> control of a single
|
|
miner. This prompted a re-architecting of the system to be <em>portable</em> across
|
|
blockchains, so that if Blockstack’s underlying blockchain (currently Bitcoin)
|
|
ever became insecure, the system could migrate to a more secure blockchain.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>A feature comparison can be found at the end of the <a href="/core/naming/introduction.html">Blockstack Naming
|
|
Service</a> document.</p>
|
|
|
|
<h2 id="blockstack-vs-ens">Blockstack vs ENS</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>ENS also implements a decentralized naming system on top of a blockchain, but as
|
|
a smart contract on Ethereum. Like BNS, ENS is geared towards resolving names
|
|
to off-chain state (ENS names resolve to a hash, for example). Moreover, ENS is
|
|
geared towards providing programmatic control over names with Turing-complete
|
|
on-chain resolvers.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>BNS has a fundamentally different relationship with blockchains than ENS.
|
|
WHereas ENS tries to use on-chain logic as much as possible, BNS
|
|
tries to use the blockchain as little as possible. BNS only uses it to store a
|
|
database log for name operations (which are interpreted with an off-chain BNS
|
|
node like Blockstack Core). BNS name state and BNS subdomains reside entirely
|
|
off-chain in the Atlas network. This has allowed BNS to migrate from blockchain
|
|
to blockchain in order to survive individual blockchain failures, and this has
|
|
allowed BNS developers to upgrade its consensus rules without having to get the
|
|
blockchain’s permission (see the <a href="https://blockstack.org/virtualchain.pdf">virtualchain
|
|
paper</a> for details).</p>
|
|
|
|
<h2 id="summary-feature-comparison">Summary feature comparison</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>The following feature table provides a quick summary how BNS differs from other naming systems</p>
|
|
|
|
<table>
|
|
<thead>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Feature</th>
|
|
<th>BNS</th>
|
|
<th><a href="https://ens.domains/">ENS</a></th>
|
|
<th>DNS</th>
|
|
<th><a href="https://namecoin.org/">Namecoin</a></th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</thead>
|
|
<tbody>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Globally unique names</td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Human-readable names</td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Strongly-owned names</td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
<td> </td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Names are enumerable</td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
<td> </td>
|
|
<td> </td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Registration times</td>
|
|
<td>1-2 hours</td>
|
|
<td>~1 week</td>
|
|
<td>~1 day</td>
|
|
<td>1-2 hours</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Subdomain registration times</td>
|
|
<td>1 hour (instant with <a href="https://github.com/blockstack/blockstack-core/issues/750">#750</a>)</td>
|
|
<td>varies</td>
|
|
<td>instant</td>
|
|
<td>~1 hour</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Anyone can make a TLD/namespace</td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
<td>[1]</td>
|
|
<td> </td>
|
|
<td>[1]</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>TLD/Namespace owners get registration fees</td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
<td> </td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
<td> </td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>TLD/Namespace can be seeded with initial names</td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
<td> </td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
<td> </td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Portable across blockchains</td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
<td> </td>
|
|
<td>N/A</td>
|
|
<td> </td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Off-chain names</td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
<td> </td>
|
|
<td>N/A</td>
|
|
<td> </td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Off-chain name state</td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
<td>N/A</td>
|
|
<td> </td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Name provenance</td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
<td> </td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td><a href="http://identity.foundation">DID</a> support</td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
<td> </td>
|
|
<td> </td>
|
|
<td> </td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Turing-complete namespace rules</td>
|
|
<td> </td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
<td> </td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<td>Miners are rewarded for participating</td>
|
|
<td>[1]</td>
|
|
<td> </td>
|
|
<td>N/A</td>
|
|
<td>X</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</tbody>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p>[1] Requires support in higher-level applications. These systems are not aware
|
|
of the existence of namespaces/TLDs at the protocol level.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>[2] Blockstack Core destroys the underlying blockchain token to pay for
|
|
registration fees when there is no pay-to-namespace-creator address set in the
|
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name’s namespace. This has the effect of making the blockchain miners’ holdings
|
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slightly more valuable.</p>
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showSearchBoxLayover: true, //whether to show search box in search result layover
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moreResultsPagingSize: 12, // the number of new results to show each time the more results button is pressed (max: 24)
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orderByRelevanceText: "Relevance" // the text to be shown in order select box to describe 'order by relevance' option
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},
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suggestions: {
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show: true, // whether to show search suggestions
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maxQuerySuggestions: 3, // the maximum number of query suggestions
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querySuggestionHeadline: undefined, // the headline of the query suggestions, leave blank if no headline should be shown
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emptyQuerySuggestions: undefined,
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showImages: false, // show images in search suggestions
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num: 6, // the maximum number of search suggestions to be shown
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minChars: 3, // minimum number of characters before the suggestions shows, default: 3,
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maxWidth: 'auto', // the maximum width of the suggest box, default: as wide as the input box, at least 275px
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throttleTime: 300, // the number of milliseconds before the suggest is triggered after finished input, default: 300ms
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extraHtml: undefined, // extra HTML code that is shown in each search suggest, you can even show values of datapoints here,
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highlight: true, // whether matched words should be highlighted, default: true
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}
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};
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</script>
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<script src="https://cdn.sitesearch360.com/sitesearch360-v11.min.js" async></script>
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</body>
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</html>
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