# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# Electrum - lightweight Bitcoin client
# Copyright (C) 2011 thomasv@gitorious
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
# obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files
# (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction,
# including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
# publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
# and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
# subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
# included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
# MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
# NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS
# BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
# ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
# CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
# SOFTWARE.

import hashlib
import hmac

from .util import bfh, bh2u, BitcoinException, print_error, assert_bytes, to_bytes, inv_dict
from . import version
from . import segwit_addr
from . import constants
from . import ecc
from .crypto import Hash, sha256, hash_160


################################## transactions

COINBASE_MATURITY = 100
COIN = 100000000

# supported types of transaction outputs
TYPE_ADDRESS = 0
TYPE_PUBKEY  = 1
TYPE_SCRIPT  = 2


def rev_hex(s):
    return bh2u(bfh(s)[::-1])


def int_to_hex(i, length=1):
    if not isinstance(i, int):
        raise TypeError('{} instead of int'.format(i))
    if i < 0:
        # two's complement
        i = pow(256, length) + i
    s = hex(i)[2:].rstrip('L')
    s = "0"*(2*length - len(s)) + s
    return rev_hex(s)

def script_num_to_hex(i: int) -> str:
    """See CScriptNum in Bitcoin Core.
    Encodes an integer as hex, to be used in script.

    ported from https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/8cbc5c4be4be22aca228074f087a374a7ec38be8/src/script/script.h#L326
    """
    if i == 0:
        return ''

    result = bytearray()
    neg = i < 0
    absvalue = abs(i)
    while absvalue > 0:
        result.append(absvalue & 0xff)
        absvalue >>= 8

    if result[-1] & 0x80:
        result.append(0x80 if neg else 0x00)
    elif neg:
        result[-1] |= 0x80

    return bh2u(result)


def var_int(i: int) -> str:
    # https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Protocol_specification#Variable_length_integer
    if i<0xfd:
        return int_to_hex(i)
    elif i<=0xffff:
        return "fd"+int_to_hex(i,2)
    elif i<=0xffffffff:
        return "fe"+int_to_hex(i,4)
    else:
        return "ff"+int_to_hex(i,8)


def witness_push(item: str) -> str:
    """Returns data in the form it should be present in the witness.
    hex -> hex
    """
    return var_int(len(item) // 2) + item


def op_push(i: int) -> str:
    if i<0x4c:  # OP_PUSHDATA1
        return int_to_hex(i)
    elif i<=0xff:
        return '4c' + int_to_hex(i)
    elif i<=0xffff:
        return '4d' + int_to_hex(i,2)
    else:
        return '4e' + int_to_hex(i,4)


def push_script(data: str) -> str:
    """Returns pushed data to the script, automatically
    choosing canonical opcodes depending on the length of the data.
    hex -> hex

    ported from https://github.com/btcsuite/btcd/blob/fdc2bc867bda6b351191b5872d2da8270df00d13/txscript/scriptbuilder.go#L128
    """
    data = bfh(data)
    from .transaction import opcodes

    data_len = len(data)

    # "small integer" opcodes
    if data_len == 0 or data_len == 1 and data[0] == 0:
        return bh2u(bytes([opcodes.OP_0]))
    elif data_len == 1 and data[0] <= 16:
        return bh2u(bytes([opcodes.OP_1 - 1 + data[0]]))
    elif data_len == 1 and data[0] == 0x81:
        return bh2u(bytes([opcodes.OP_1NEGATE]))

    return op_push(data_len) + bh2u(data)


def add_number_to_script(i: int) -> bytes:
    return bfh(push_script(script_num_to_hex(i)))


hash_encode = lambda x: bh2u(x[::-1])
hash_decode = lambda x: bfh(x)[::-1]
hmac_sha_512 = lambda x, y: hmac.new(x, y, hashlib.sha512).digest()


def is_new_seed(x, prefix=version.SEED_PREFIX):
    from . import mnemonic
    x = mnemonic.normalize_text(x)
    s = bh2u(hmac_sha_512(b"Seed version", x.encode('utf8')))
    return s.startswith(prefix)


def is_old_seed(seed):
    from . import old_mnemonic, mnemonic
    seed = mnemonic.normalize_text(seed)
    words = seed.split()
    try:
        # checks here are deliberately left weak for legacy reasons, see #3149
        old_mnemonic.mn_decode(words)
        uses_electrum_words = True
    except Exception:
        uses_electrum_words = False
    try:
        seed = bfh(seed)
        is_hex = (len(seed) == 16 or len(seed) == 32)
    except Exception:
        is_hex = False
    return is_hex or (uses_electrum_words and (len(words) == 12 or len(words) == 24))


def seed_type(x):
    if is_old_seed(x):
        return 'old'
    elif is_new_seed(x):
        return 'standard'
    elif is_new_seed(x, version.SEED_PREFIX_SW):
        return 'segwit'
    elif is_new_seed(x, version.SEED_PREFIX_2FA):
        return '2fa'
    return ''

is_seed = lambda x: bool(seed_type(x))


############ functions from pywallet #####################

def hash160_to_b58_address(h160: bytes, addrtype):
    s = bytes([addrtype])
    s += h160
    return base_encode(s+Hash(s)[0:4], base=58)


def b58_address_to_hash160(addr):
    addr = to_bytes(addr, 'ascii')
    _bytes = base_decode(addr, 25, base=58)
    return _bytes[0], _bytes[1:21]


def hash160_to_p2pkh(h160, *, net=None):
    if net is None:
        net = constants.net
    return hash160_to_b58_address(h160, net.ADDRTYPE_P2PKH)

def hash160_to_p2sh(h160, *, net=None):
    if net is None:
        net = constants.net
    return hash160_to_b58_address(h160, net.ADDRTYPE_P2SH)

def public_key_to_p2pkh(public_key: bytes) -> str:
    return hash160_to_p2pkh(hash_160(public_key))

def hash_to_segwit_addr(h, witver, *, net=None):
    if net is None:
        net = constants.net
    return segwit_addr.encode(net.SEGWIT_HRP, witver, h)

def public_key_to_p2wpkh(public_key):
    return hash_to_segwit_addr(hash_160(public_key), witver=0)

def script_to_p2wsh(script):
    return hash_to_segwit_addr(sha256(bfh(script)), witver=0)

def p2wpkh_nested_script(pubkey):
    pkh = bh2u(hash_160(bfh(pubkey)))
    return '00' + push_script(pkh)

def p2wsh_nested_script(witness_script):
    wsh = bh2u(sha256(bfh(witness_script)))
    return '00' + push_script(wsh)

def pubkey_to_address(txin_type, pubkey):
    if txin_type == 'p2pkh':
        return public_key_to_p2pkh(bfh(pubkey))
    elif txin_type == 'p2wpkh':
        return public_key_to_p2wpkh(bfh(pubkey))
    elif txin_type == 'p2wpkh-p2sh':
        scriptSig = p2wpkh_nested_script(pubkey)
        return hash160_to_p2sh(hash_160(bfh(scriptSig)))
    else:
        raise NotImplementedError(txin_type)

def redeem_script_to_address(txin_type, redeem_script):
    if txin_type == 'p2sh':
        return hash160_to_p2sh(hash_160(bfh(redeem_script)))
    elif txin_type == 'p2wsh':
        return script_to_p2wsh(redeem_script)
    elif txin_type == 'p2wsh-p2sh':
        scriptSig = p2wsh_nested_script(redeem_script)
        return hash160_to_p2sh(hash_160(bfh(scriptSig)))
    else:
        raise NotImplementedError(txin_type)


def script_to_address(script, *, net=None):
    from .transaction import get_address_from_output_script
    t, addr = get_address_from_output_script(bfh(script), net=net)
    assert t == TYPE_ADDRESS
    return addr

def address_to_script(addr, *, net=None):
    if net is None:
        net = constants.net
    witver, witprog = segwit_addr.decode(net.SEGWIT_HRP, addr)
    if witprog is not None:
        if not (0 <= witver <= 16):
            raise BitcoinException('impossible witness version: {}'.format(witver))
        OP_n = witver + 0x50 if witver > 0 else 0
        script = bh2u(bytes([OP_n]))
        script += push_script(bh2u(bytes(witprog)))
        return script
    addrtype, hash_160 = b58_address_to_hash160(addr)
    if addrtype == net.ADDRTYPE_P2PKH:
        script = '76a9'                                      # op_dup, op_hash_160
        script += push_script(bh2u(hash_160))
        script += '88ac'                                     # op_equalverify, op_checksig
    elif addrtype == net.ADDRTYPE_P2SH:
        script = 'a9'                                        # op_hash_160
        script += push_script(bh2u(hash_160))
        script += '87'                                       # op_equal
    else:
        raise BitcoinException('unknown address type: {}'.format(addrtype))
    return script

def address_to_scripthash(addr):
    script = address_to_script(addr)
    return script_to_scripthash(script)

def script_to_scripthash(script):
    h = sha256(bytes.fromhex(script))[0:32]
    return bh2u(bytes(reversed(h)))

def public_key_to_p2pk_script(pubkey):
    script = push_script(pubkey)
    script += 'ac'                                           # op_checksig
    return script

__b58chars = b'123456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz'
assert len(__b58chars) == 58

__b43chars = b'0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ$*+-./:'
assert len(__b43chars) == 43


def base_encode(v: bytes, base: int) -> str:
    """ encode v, which is a string of bytes, to base58."""
    assert_bytes(v)
    if base not in (58, 43):
        raise ValueError('not supported base: {}'.format(base))
    chars = __b58chars
    if base == 43:
        chars = __b43chars
    long_value = 0
    for (i, c) in enumerate(v[::-1]):
        long_value += (256**i) * c
    result = bytearray()
    while long_value >= base:
        div, mod = divmod(long_value, base)
        result.append(chars[mod])
        long_value = div
    result.append(chars[long_value])
    # Bitcoin does a little leading-zero-compression:
    # leading 0-bytes in the input become leading-1s
    nPad = 0
    for c in v:
        if c == 0x00:
            nPad += 1
        else:
            break
    result.extend([chars[0]] * nPad)
    result.reverse()
    return result.decode('ascii')


def base_decode(v, length, base):
    """ decode v into a string of len bytes."""
    # assert_bytes(v)
    v = to_bytes(v, 'ascii')
    if base not in (58, 43):
        raise ValueError('not supported base: {}'.format(base))
    chars = __b58chars
    if base == 43:
        chars = __b43chars
    long_value = 0
    for (i, c) in enumerate(v[::-1]):
        digit = chars.find(bytes([c]))
        if digit == -1:
            raise ValueError('Forbidden character {} for base {}'.format(c, base))
        long_value += digit * (base**i)
    result = bytearray()
    while long_value >= 256:
        div, mod = divmod(long_value, 256)
        result.append(mod)
        long_value = div
    result.append(long_value)
    nPad = 0
    for c in v:
        if c == chars[0]:
            nPad += 1
        else:
            break
    result.extend(b'\x00' * nPad)
    if length is not None and len(result) != length:
        return None
    result.reverse()
    return bytes(result)


class InvalidChecksum(Exception):
    pass


def EncodeBase58Check(vchIn):
    hash = Hash(vchIn)
    return base_encode(vchIn + hash[0:4], base=58)


def DecodeBase58Check(psz):
    vchRet = base_decode(psz, None, base=58)
    key = vchRet[0:-4]
    csum = vchRet[-4:]
    hash = Hash(key)
    cs32 = hash[0:4]
    if cs32 != csum:
        raise InvalidChecksum('expected {}, actual {}'.format(bh2u(cs32), bh2u(csum)))
    else:
        return key


# backwards compat
# extended WIF for segwit (used in 3.0.x; but still used internally)
# the keys in this dict should be a superset of what Imported Wallets can import
SCRIPT_TYPES = {
    'p2pkh':0,
    'p2wpkh':1,
    'p2wpkh-p2sh':2,
    'p2sh':5,
    'p2wsh':6,
    'p2wsh-p2sh':7
}


def serialize_privkey(secret: bytes, compressed: bool, txin_type: str,
                      internal_use: bool=False) -> str:
    # we only export secrets inside curve range
    secret = ecc.ECPrivkey.normalize_secret_bytes(secret)
    if internal_use:
        prefix = bytes([(SCRIPT_TYPES[txin_type] + constants.net.WIF_PREFIX) & 255])
    else:
        prefix = bytes([constants.net.WIF_PREFIX])
    suffix = b'\01' if compressed else b''
    vchIn = prefix + secret + suffix
    base58_wif = EncodeBase58Check(vchIn)
    if internal_use:
        return base58_wif
    else:
        return '{}:{}'.format(txin_type, base58_wif)


def deserialize_privkey(key: str) -> (str, bytes, bool):
    if is_minikey(key):
        return 'p2pkh', minikey_to_private_key(key), True

    txin_type = None
    if ':' in key:
        txin_type, key = key.split(sep=':', maxsplit=1)
        if txin_type not in SCRIPT_TYPES:
            raise BitcoinException('unknown script type: {}'.format(txin_type))
    try:
        vch = DecodeBase58Check(key)
    except BaseException:
        neutered_privkey = str(key)[:3] + '..' + str(key)[-2:]
        raise BitcoinException("cannot deserialize privkey {}"
                               .format(neutered_privkey))

    if txin_type is None:
        # keys exported in version 3.0.x encoded script type in first byte
        prefix_value = vch[0] - constants.net.WIF_PREFIX
        inverse_script_types = inv_dict(SCRIPT_TYPES)
        try:
            txin_type = inverse_script_types[prefix_value]
        except KeyError:
            raise BitcoinException('invalid prefix ({}) for WIF key (1)'.format(vch[0]))
    else:
        # all other keys must have a fixed first byte
        if vch[0] != constants.net.WIF_PREFIX:
            raise BitcoinException('invalid prefix ({}) for WIF key (2)'.format(vch[0]))

    if len(vch) not in [33, 34]:
        raise BitcoinException('invalid vch len for WIF key: {}'.format(len(vch)))
    compressed = len(vch) == 34
    secret_bytes = vch[1:33]
    # we accept secrets outside curve range; cast into range here:
    secret_bytes = ecc.ECPrivkey.normalize_secret_bytes(secret_bytes)
    return txin_type, secret_bytes, compressed


def is_compressed(sec):
    return deserialize_privkey(sec)[2]


def address_from_private_key(sec):
    txin_type, privkey, compressed = deserialize_privkey(sec)
    public_key = ecc.ECPrivkey(privkey).get_public_key_hex(compressed=compressed)
    return pubkey_to_address(txin_type, public_key)

def is_segwit_address(addr):
    try:
        witver, witprog = segwit_addr.decode(constants.net.SEGWIT_HRP, addr)
    except Exception as e:
        return False
    return witprog is not None

def is_b58_address(addr):
    try:
        addrtype, h = b58_address_to_hash160(addr)
    except Exception as e:
        return False
    if addrtype not in [constants.net.ADDRTYPE_P2PKH, constants.net.ADDRTYPE_P2SH]:
        return False
    return addr == hash160_to_b58_address(h, addrtype)

def is_address(addr):
    return is_segwit_address(addr) or is_b58_address(addr)


def is_private_key(key):
    try:
        k = deserialize_privkey(key)
        return k is not False
    except:
        return False


########### end pywallet functions #######################

def is_minikey(text):
    # Minikeys are typically 22 or 30 characters, but this routine
    # permits any length of 20 or more provided the minikey is valid.
    # A valid minikey must begin with an 'S', be in base58, and when
    # suffixed with '?' have its SHA256 hash begin with a zero byte.
    # They are widely used in Casascius physical bitcoins.
    return (len(text) >= 20 and text[0] == 'S'
            and all(ord(c) in __b58chars for c in text)
            and sha256(text + '?')[0] == 0x00)

def minikey_to_private_key(text):
    return sha256(text)


###################################### BIP32 ##############################

BIP32_PRIME = 0x80000000


# Child private key derivation function (from master private key)
# k = master private key (32 bytes)
# c = master chain code (extra entropy for key derivation) (32 bytes)
# n = the index of the key we want to derive. (only 32 bits will be used)
# If n is negative (i.e. the 32nd bit is set), the resulting private key's
#  corresponding public key can NOT be determined without the master private key.
# However, if n is positive, the resulting private key's corresponding
#  public key can be determined without the master private key.
def CKD_priv(k, c, n):
    is_prime = n & BIP32_PRIME
    return _CKD_priv(k, c, bfh(rev_hex(int_to_hex(n,4))), is_prime)


def _CKD_priv(k, c, s, is_prime):
    keypair = ecc.ECPrivkey(k)
    cK = keypair.get_public_key_bytes(compressed=True)
    data = bytes([0]) + k + s if is_prime else cK + s
    I = hmac.new(c, data, hashlib.sha512).digest()
    k_n = ecc.number_to_string(
        (ecc.string_to_number(I[0:32]) + ecc.string_to_number(k)) % ecc.CURVE_ORDER,
        ecc.CURVE_ORDER)
    c_n = I[32:]
    return k_n, c_n

# Child public key derivation function (from public key only)
# K = master public key
# c = master chain code
# n = index of key we want to derive
# This function allows us to find the nth public key, as long as n is
#  non-negative. If n is negative, we need the master private key to find it.
def CKD_pub(cK, c, n):
    if n & BIP32_PRIME: raise Exception()
    return _CKD_pub(cK, c, bfh(rev_hex(int_to_hex(n,4))))

# helper function, callable with arbitrary string
def _CKD_pub(cK, c, s):
    I = hmac.new(c, cK + s, hashlib.sha512).digest()
    pubkey = ecc.ECPrivkey(I[0:32]) + ecc.ECPubkey(cK)
    cK_n = pubkey.get_public_key_bytes(compressed=True)
    c_n = I[32:]
    return cK_n, c_n


def xprv_header(xtype, *, net=None):
    if net is None:
        net = constants.net
    return bfh("%08x" % net.XPRV_HEADERS[xtype])


def xpub_header(xtype, *, net=None):
    if net is None:
        net = constants.net
    return bfh("%08x" % net.XPUB_HEADERS[xtype])


def serialize_xprv(xtype, c, k, depth=0, fingerprint=b'\x00'*4,
                   child_number=b'\x00'*4, *, net=None):
    if not ecc.is_secret_within_curve_range(k):
        raise BitcoinException('Impossible xprv (not within curve order)')
    xprv = xprv_header(xtype, net=net) \
           + bytes([depth]) + fingerprint + child_number + c + bytes([0]) + k
    return EncodeBase58Check(xprv)


def serialize_xpub(xtype, c, cK, depth=0, fingerprint=b'\x00'*4,
                   child_number=b'\x00'*4, *, net=None):
    xpub = xpub_header(xtype, net=net) \
           + bytes([depth]) + fingerprint + child_number + c + cK
    return EncodeBase58Check(xpub)


def deserialize_xkey(xkey, prv, *, net=None):
    if net is None:
        net = constants.net
    xkey = DecodeBase58Check(xkey)
    if len(xkey) != 78:
        raise BitcoinException('Invalid length for extended key: {}'
                               .format(len(xkey)))
    depth = xkey[4]
    fingerprint = xkey[5:9]
    child_number = xkey[9:13]
    c = xkey[13:13+32]
    header = int('0x' + bh2u(xkey[0:4]), 16)
    headers = net.XPRV_HEADERS if prv else net.XPUB_HEADERS
    if header not in headers.values():
        raise BitcoinException('Invalid extended key format: {}'
                               .format(hex(header)))
    xtype = list(headers.keys())[list(headers.values()).index(header)]
    n = 33 if prv else 32
    K_or_k = xkey[13+n:]
    if prv and not ecc.is_secret_within_curve_range(K_or_k):
        raise BitcoinException('Impossible xprv (not within curve order)')
    return xtype, depth, fingerprint, child_number, c, K_or_k


def deserialize_xpub(xkey, *, net=None):
    return deserialize_xkey(xkey, False, net=net)

def deserialize_xprv(xkey, *, net=None):
    return deserialize_xkey(xkey, True, net=net)

def xpub_type(x):
    return deserialize_xpub(x)[0]


def is_xpub(text):
    try:
        deserialize_xpub(text)
        return True
    except:
        return False


def is_xprv(text):
    try:
        deserialize_xprv(text)
        return True
    except:
        return False


def xpub_from_xprv(xprv):
    xtype, depth, fingerprint, child_number, c, k = deserialize_xprv(xprv)
    cK = ecc.ECPrivkey(k).get_public_key_bytes(compressed=True)
    return serialize_xpub(xtype, c, cK, depth, fingerprint, child_number)


def bip32_root(seed, xtype):
    I = hmac.new(b"Bitcoin seed", seed, hashlib.sha512).digest()
    master_k = I[0:32]
    master_c = I[32:]
    # create xprv first, as that will check if master_k is within curve order
    xprv = serialize_xprv(xtype, master_c, master_k)
    cK = ecc.ECPrivkey(master_k).get_public_key_bytes(compressed=True)
    xpub = serialize_xpub(xtype, master_c, cK)
    return xprv, xpub


def xpub_from_pubkey(xtype, cK):
    if cK[0] not in (0x02, 0x03):
        raise ValueError('Unexpected first byte: {}'.format(cK[0]))
    return serialize_xpub(xtype, b'\x00'*32, cK)


def bip32_derivation(s):
    if not s.startswith('m/'):
        raise ValueError('invalid bip32 derivation path: {}'.format(s))
    s = s[2:]
    for n in s.split('/'):
        if n == '': continue
        i = int(n[:-1]) + BIP32_PRIME if n[-1] == "'" else int(n)
        yield i

def is_bip32_derivation(x):
    try:
        [ i for i in bip32_derivation(x)]
        return True
    except :
        return False

def bip32_private_derivation(xprv, branch, sequence):
    if not sequence.startswith(branch):
        raise ValueError('incompatible branch ({}) and sequence ({})'
                         .format(branch, sequence))
    if branch == sequence:
        return xprv, xpub_from_xprv(xprv)
    xtype, depth, fingerprint, child_number, c, k = deserialize_xprv(xprv)
    sequence = sequence[len(branch):]
    for n in sequence.split('/'):
        if n == '': continue
        i = int(n[:-1]) + BIP32_PRIME if n[-1] == "'" else int(n)
        parent_k = k
        k, c = CKD_priv(k, c, i)
        depth += 1
    parent_cK = ecc.ECPrivkey(parent_k).get_public_key_bytes(compressed=True)
    fingerprint = hash_160(parent_cK)[0:4]
    child_number = bfh("%08X"%i)
    cK = ecc.ECPrivkey(k).get_public_key_bytes(compressed=True)
    xpub = serialize_xpub(xtype, c, cK, depth, fingerprint, child_number)
    xprv = serialize_xprv(xtype, c, k, depth, fingerprint, child_number)
    return xprv, xpub


def bip32_public_derivation(xpub, branch, sequence):
    xtype, depth, fingerprint, child_number, c, cK = deserialize_xpub(xpub)
    if not sequence.startswith(branch):
        raise ValueError('incompatible branch ({}) and sequence ({})'
                         .format(branch, sequence))
    sequence = sequence[len(branch):]
    for n in sequence.split('/'):
        if n == '': continue
        i = int(n)
        parent_cK = cK
        cK, c = CKD_pub(cK, c, i)
        depth += 1
    fingerprint = hash_160(parent_cK)[0:4]
    child_number = bfh("%08X"%i)
    return serialize_xpub(xtype, c, cK, depth, fingerprint, child_number)


def bip32_private_key(sequence, k, chain):
    for i in sequence:
        k, chain = CKD_priv(k, chain, i)
    return k