String types.

libsolidity/AST.cpp

@@ -582,7 +582,7 @@ void Literal::checkTypeRequirements()
 {
 	m_type = Type::forLiteral(*this);
 	if (!m_type)
-		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(createTypeError("Literal value too large."));
+		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(createTypeError("Literal value too large or too small."));
 }
 
 }

libsolidity/Compiler.cpp

@@ -142,6 +142,9 @@ unsigned Compiler::appendCalldataUnpacker(FunctionDefinition const& _function, b
 								  << errinfo_comment("Type " + var->getType()->toString() + " not yet supported."));
 		if (numBytes == 32)
 			m_context << u256(dataOffset) << load;
+		else if (var->getType()->getCategory() == Type::Category::STRING)
+			m_context << (u256(1) << ((32 - numBytes) * 8)) << eth::Instruction::DUP1
+					  << u256(dataOffset) << load << eth::Instruction::DIV << eth::Instruction::MUL;
 		else
 			m_context << (u256(1) << ((32 - numBytes) * 8)) << u256(dataOffset)
 					  << load << eth::Instruction::DIV;
@@ -166,7 +169,8 @@ void Compiler::appendReturnValuePacker(FunctionDefinition const& _function)
 								  << errinfo_comment("Type " + paramType.toString() + " not yet supported."));
 		CompilerUtils(m_context).copyToStackTop(stackDepth, paramType);
 		if (numBytes != 32)
-			m_context << (u256(1) << ((32 - numBytes) * 8)) << eth::Instruction::MUL;
+			if (paramType.getCategory() != Type::Category::STRING)
+				m_context << (u256(1) << ((32 - numBytes) * 8)) << eth::Instruction::MUL;
 		m_context << u256(dataOffset) << eth::Instruction::MSTORE;
 		stackDepth -= paramType.getSizeOnStack();
 		dataOffset += numBytes;

libsolidity/ExpressionCompiler.cpp

@@ -226,7 +226,8 @@ bool ExpressionCompiler::visit(FunctionCall& _functionCall)
 										  << errinfo_sourceLocation(arguments[i]->getLocation())
 										  << errinfo_comment("Type " + type.toString() + " not yet supported."));
 				if (numBytes != 32)
-					m_context << (u256(1) << ((32 - numBytes) * 8)) << eth::Instruction::MUL;
+					if (type.getCategory() != Type::Category::STRING)
+						m_context << (u256(1) << ((32 - numBytes) * 8)) << eth::Instruction::MUL;
 				m_context << u256(dataOffset) << eth::Instruction::MSTORE;
 				dataOffset += numBytes;
 			}
@@ -243,8 +244,15 @@ bool ExpressionCompiler::visit(FunctionCall& _functionCall)
 			if (retSize == 32)
 				m_context << u256(0) << eth::Instruction::MLOAD;
 			else if (retSize > 0)
-				m_context << (u256(1) << ((32 - retSize) * 8))
+			{
-						  << u256(0) << eth::Instruction::MLOAD << eth::Instruction::DIV;
+				if (function.getReturnParameterTypes().front()->getCategory() == Type::Category::STRING)
+					m_context << (u256(1) << ((32 - retSize) * 8)) << eth::Instruction::DUP1
+							  << u256(0) << eth::Instruction::MLOAD
+							  << eth::Instruction::DIV << eth::Instruction::MUL;
+				else
+					m_context << (u256(1) << ((32 - retSize) * 8))
+							  << u256(0) << eth::Instruction::MLOAD << eth::Instruction::DIV;
+			}
 			break;
 		}
 		case Location::SEND:
@@ -411,10 +419,11 @@ void ExpressionCompiler::endVisit(Literal& _literal)
 	{
 	case Type::Category::INTEGER:
 	case Type::Category::BOOL:
+	case Type::Category::STRING:
 		m_context << _literal.getType()->literalValue(_literal);
 		break;
 	default:
-		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InternalCompilerError() << errinfo_comment("Only integer and boolean literals implemented for now."));
+		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InternalCompilerError() << errinfo_comment("Only integer, boolean and string literals implemented for now."));
 	}
 }
 
@@ -550,6 +559,11 @@ void ExpressionCompiler::appendTypeConversion(Type const& _typeOnStack, Type con
 		return;
 	if (_typeOnStack.getCategory() == Type::Category::INTEGER)
 		appendHighBitsCleanup(dynamic_cast<IntegerType const&>(_typeOnStack));
+	else if (_typeOnStack.getCategory() == Type::Category::STRING)
+	{
+		// nothing to do, strings are high-order-bit-aligned
+		//@todo clear lower-order bytes if we allow explicit conversion to shorter strings
+	}
 	else if (_typeOnStack != _targetType)
 		// All other types should not be convertible to non-equal types.
 		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InternalCompilerError() << errinfo_comment("Invalid type conversion requested."));

libsolidity/ExpressionCompiler.h

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ namespace solidity {
 class CompilerContext;
 class Type;
 class IntegerType;
+class StaticStringType;
 
 /**
  * Compiler for expressions, i.e. converts an AST tree whose root is an Expression into a stream
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@ private:
 	/// @}
 
 	/// Appends an implicit or explicit type conversion. For now this comprises only erasing
-	/// higher-order bits (@see appendHighBitCleanup) when widening integer types.
+	/// higher-order bits (@see appendHighBitCleanup) when widening integer.
 	/// If @a _cleanupNeeded, high order bits cleanup is also done if no type conversion would be
 	/// necessary.
 	void appendTypeConversion(Type const& _typeOnStack, Type const& _targetType, bool _cleanupNeeded = false);

libsolidity/Token.h

@@ -269,6 +269,38 @@ namespace solidity
 	K(ADDRESS, "address", 0)                                           \
 	K(BOOL, "bool", 0)                                                 \
 	K(STRING_TYPE, "string", 0)                                        \
+	K(STRING1, "string1", 0)                                           \
+	K(STRING2, "string2", 0)                                           \
+	K(STRING3, "string3", 0)                                           \
+	K(STRING4, "string4", 0)                                           \
+	K(STRING5, "string5", 0)                                           \
+	K(STRING6, "string6", 0)                                           \
+	K(STRING7, "string7", 0)                                           \
+	K(STRING8, "string8", 0)                                           \
+	K(STRING9, "string9", 0)                                           \
+	K(STRING10, "string10", 0)                                         \
+	K(STRING11, "string11", 0)                                         \
+	K(STRING12, "string12", 0)                                         \
+	K(STRING13, "string13", 0)                                         \
+	K(STRING14, "string14", 0)                                         \
+	K(STRING15, "string15", 0)                                         \
+	K(STRING16, "string16", 0)                                         \
+	K(STRING17, "string17", 0)                                         \
+	K(STRING18, "string18", 0)                                         \
+	K(STRING19, "string19", 0)                                         \
+	K(STRING20, "string20", 0)                                         \
+	K(STRING21, "string21", 0)                                         \
+	K(STRING22, "string22", 0)                                         \
+	K(STRING23, "string23", 0)                                         \
+	K(STRING24, "string24", 0)                                         \
+	K(STRING25, "string25", 0)                                         \
+	K(STRING26, "string26", 0)                                         \
+	K(STRING27, "string27", 0)                                         \
+	K(STRING28, "string28", 0)                                         \
+	K(STRING29, "string29", 0)                                         \
+	K(STRING30, "string30", 0)                                         \
+	K(STRING31, "string31", 0)                                         \
+	K(STRING32, "string32", 0)                                         \
 	K(TEXT, "text", 0)                                                 \
 	K(REAL, "real", 0)                                                 \
 	K(UREAL, "ureal", 0)                                               \

libsolidity/Types.cpp

@@ -53,6 +53,8 @@ shared_ptr<Type> Type::fromElementaryTypeName(Token::Value _typeToken)
 		return make_shared<IntegerType>(0, IntegerType::Modifier::ADDRESS);
 	else if (_typeToken == Token::BOOL)
 		return make_shared<BoolType>();
+	else if (Token::STRING1 <= _typeToken && _typeToken <= Token::STRING32)
+		return make_shared<StaticStringType>(int(_typeToken) - int(Token::STRING1) + 1);
 	else
 		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InternalCompilerError() << errinfo_comment("Unable to convert elementary typename " +
 																		 std::string(Token::toString(_typeToken)) + " to type."));
@@ -91,7 +93,8 @@ shared_ptr<Type> Type::forLiteral(Literal const& _literal)
 	case Token::NUMBER:
 		return IntegerType::smallestTypeForLiteral(_literal.getValue());
 	case Token::STRING_LITERAL:
-		return shared_ptr<Type>(); // @todo add string literals
+		//@todo put larger strings into dynamic strings
+		return StaticStringType::smallestTypeForLiteral(_literal.getValue());
 	default:
 		return shared_ptr<Type>();
 	}
@@ -194,6 +197,44 @@ const MemberList IntegerType::AddressMemberList =
 					{"send", make_shared<FunctionType const>(TypePointers({make_shared<IntegerType const>(256)}),
 															 TypePointers(), FunctionType::Location::SEND)}});
 
+shared_ptr<StaticStringType> StaticStringType::smallestTypeForLiteral(string const& _literal)
+{
+	if (0 < _literal.length() && _literal.length() <= 32)
+		return make_shared<StaticStringType>(_literal.length());
+	return shared_ptr<StaticStringType>();
+}
+
+StaticStringType::StaticStringType(int _bytes): m_bytes(_bytes)
+{
+	if (asserts(m_bytes > 0 && m_bytes <= 32))
+		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InternalCompilerError() << errinfo_comment("Invalid byte number for static string type: " +
+																		 dev::toString(m_bytes)));
+}
+
+bool StaticStringType::isImplicitlyConvertibleTo(Type const& _convertTo) const
+{
+	if (_convertTo.getCategory() != getCategory())
+		return false;
+	StaticStringType const& convertTo = dynamic_cast<StaticStringType const&>(_convertTo);
+	return convertTo.m_bytes >= m_bytes;
+}
+
+bool StaticStringType::operator==(Type const& _other) const
+{
+	if (_other.getCategory() != getCategory())
+		return false;
+	StaticStringType const& other = dynamic_cast<StaticStringType const&>(_other);
+	return other.m_bytes == m_bytes;
+}
+
+u256 StaticStringType::literalValue(const Literal& _literal) const
+{
+	u256 value = 0;
+	for (char c: _literal.getValue())
+		value = (value << 8) | byte(c);
+	return value << ((32 - _literal.getValue().length()) * 8);
+}
+
 bool BoolType::isExplicitlyConvertibleTo(Type const& _convertTo) const
 {
 	// conversion to integer is fine, but not to address

libsolidity/Types.h

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ namespace dev
 namespace solidity
 {
 
-// @todo realMxN, string<N>
+// @todo realMxN, dynamic strings, text, arrays
 
 class Type; // forward
 using TypePointer = std::shared_ptr<Type const>;
@@ -178,6 +178,35 @@ private:
 	static const MemberList AddressMemberList;
 };
 
+/**
+ * String type with fixed length, up to 32 bytes.
+ */
+class StaticStringType: public Type
+{
+public:
+	virtual Category getCategory() const override { return Category::STRING; }
+
+	/// @returns the smallest string type for the given literal or an empty pointer
+	/// if no type fits.
+	static std::shared_ptr<StaticStringType> smallestTypeForLiteral(std::string const& _literal);
+
+	StaticStringType(int _bytes);
+
+	virtual bool isImplicitlyConvertibleTo(Type const& _convertTo) const override;
+	virtual bool operator==(Type const& _other) const override;
+
+	virtual unsigned getCalldataEncodedSize() const override { return m_bytes; }
+	virtual bool isValueType() const override { return true; }
+
+	virtual std::string toString() const override { return "string" + dev::toString(m_bytes); }
+	virtual u256 literalValue(Literal const& _literal) const override;
+
+	int getNumBytes() const { return m_bytes; }
+
+private:
+	int m_bytes;
+};
+
 /**
  * The boolean type.
  */

test/solidityEndToEndTest.cpp

@@ -482,6 +482,34 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(small_signed_types)
 	testSolidityAgainstCpp(0, small_signed_types_cpp);
 }
 
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(strings)
+{
+	char const* sourceCode = "contract test {\n"
+							 "  function fixed() returns(string32 ret) {\n"
+							 "    return \"abc\\x00\\xff__\";\n"
+							 "  }\n"
+							 "  function pipeThrough(string2 small, bool one) returns(string16 large, bool oneRet) {\n"
+							 "    oneRet = one;\n"
+							 "    large = small;\n"
+							 "  }\n"
+							 "}\n";
+	compileAndRun(sourceCode);
+	bytes expectation(32, 0);
+	expectation[0] = byte('a');
+	expectation[1] = byte('b');
+	expectation[2] = byte('c');
+	expectation[3] = byte(0);
+	expectation[4] = byte(0xff);
+	expectation[5] = byte('_');
+	expectation[6] = byte('_');
+	BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction(0, bytes()) == expectation);
+	expectation = bytes(17, 0);
+	expectation[0] = 0;
+	expectation[1] = 2;
+	expectation[16] = 1;
+	BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction(1, bytes({0x00, 0x02, 0x01})) == expectation);
+}
+
 BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(state_smoke_test)
 {
 	char const* sourceCode = "contract test {\n"
@@ -1060,6 +1088,34 @@ BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inter_contract_calls_with_local_vars)
 	BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction(0, a, b) == toBigEndian(a * b + 9));
 }
 
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(strings_in_calls)
+{
+	char const* sourceCode = R"(
+		contract Helper {
+			function invoke(string3 x, bool stop) returns (string4 ret) {
+				return x;
+			}
+		}
+		contract Main {
+			Helper h;
+			function callHelper(string2 x, bool stop) returns (string5 ret) {
+				return h.invoke(x, stop);
+			}
+			function getHelper() returns (address addr) {
+				return address(h);
+			}
+			function setHelper(address addr) {
+				h = Helper(addr);
+			}
+		})";
+	compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Helper");
+	u160 const helperAddress = m_contractAddress;
+	compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Main");
+	BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction(2, helperAddress) == bytes());
+	BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction(1, helperAddress) == toBigEndian(helperAddress));
+	BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction(0, bytes({0, 'a', 1})) == bytes({0, 'a', 0, 0, 0}));
+}
+
 BOOST_AUTO_TEST_SUITE_END()
 
 }