diff --git a/TODO b/TODO
index d59112a69..c5ebaeea2 100644
--- a/TODO
+++ b/TODO
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+### UP FOR GRABS
+
 Tests
 - Use standard tests.
 
@@ -5,20 +7,29 @@ Config file & command line options.
 
 Peer network.
 
+Crypto stuff:
+- kFromMessage
+- Check all the tweak instructions.
+
+Better handling of corrupt blocks.
+
+
+### GAV
+
 Trie on DB.
 - Modularise overlay and DB.
 - Iterate.
-- Kill all the restore point stuff.
+- Move the restore point stuff into block restore points
+  - i.e. keep all nodes from last 127 blocks with counter, at 128, kill but keep every (60*24*7)th or so i.e. one per week as a restore point.
+  - maybe allow this to be configured.
 
 Cache some state
 - Contract memory, balances - for single commit into Trie.
 
-Better handling of corrupt blocks.
+
+### TIM
 
 Stateful Miner class.
 
 Better Mod-Exp.
 
-Crypto stuff:
-- kFromMessage
-- Check all the tweak instructions.
diff --git a/libethereum/RLP.h b/libethereum/RLP.h
index 3883aadb2..c8c73aec4 100644
--- a/libethereum/RLP.h
+++ b/libethereum/RLP.h
@@ -240,6 +240,9 @@ public:
 	/// Converts to RLPs collection object. Useful if you need random access to sub items or will iterate over multiple times.
 	RLPs toList() const;
 
+	/// @returns the data payload. Valid for all types.
+	bytesConstRef payload() const { auto n = (m_data[0] & 0x3f); return m_data.cropped(1 + (n < 0x38 ? 0 : (n - 0x37))); }
+
 private:
 	/// Direct value integer.
 	bool isDirectValueInt() const { assert(!isNull()); return m_data[0] < 0x18; }
@@ -269,9 +272,6 @@ private:
 	/// @returns the number of data items (bytes in the case of strings & ints, items in the case of lists). Valid for all types.
 	uint items() const;
 
-	/// @returns the data payload. Valid for all types.
-	bytesConstRef payload() const { auto n = (m_data[0] & 0x3f); return m_data.cropped(1 + (n < 0x38 ? 0 : (n - 0x37))); }
-
 	/// Our byte data.
 	bytesConstRef m_data;
 
@@ -297,8 +297,8 @@ public:
 	RLPStream& append(uint _s);
 	RLPStream& append(u160 _s);
 	RLPStream& append(u256 _s);
-	RLPStream& append(h160 _s, bool _compact = false) { return appendFixed(_s, _compact); }
-	RLPStream& append(h256 _s, bool _compact = false) { return appendFixed(_s, _compact); }
+	RLPStream& append(h160 _s, bool _compact = true) { return appendFixed(_s, _compact); }
+	RLPStream& append(h256 _s, bool _compact = true) { return appendFixed(_s, _compact); }
 	RLPStream& append(bigint _s);
 	RLPStream& appendList(uint _count);
 	RLPStream& appendString(bytesConstRef _s);
diff --git a/libethereum/Trie.cpp b/libethereum/Trie.cpp
index be3a1c265..49ae4a1c3 100644
--- a/libethereum/Trie.cpp
+++ b/libethereum/Trie.cpp
@@ -667,4 +667,138 @@ void Trie::remove(std::string const& _key)
 
 h256 const GenericTrieDB::c_null = sha3(RLPNull);
 
+inline byte nibble(bytesConstRef _data, uint _i)
+{
+	return (i & 1) ? (_data[i / 2] & 15) : (_data[i / 2] >> 4);
+}
+
+std::string hexPrefixEncode(bytesConstRef _data, bool _terminated, int _beginNibble, int _endNibble)
+{
+	uint begin = _begin;
+	uint end = _end < 0 ? _data.size() * 2 + 1 + _end : _end;
+	bool odd = (end - begin) & 1;
+
+	std::string ret(1, ((_terminated ? 2 : 0) | (odd ? 1 : 0)) * 16);
+	ret.reserve((end - begin) / 2 + 1);
+
+	uint d = odd ? 1 : 2;
+	for (auto i = begin; i < end; ++i, ++d)
+	{
+		byte n = nibble(_data, i);
+		if (d & 1)	// odd
+			ret.back() |= n;		// or the nibble onto the back
+		else
+			ret.push_back(n << 4);	// push the nibble on to the back << 4
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+uint sharedNibbles(bytesConstRef _a, uint _ab, uint _ae, bytesConstRef _b, uint _bb, uint _be)
+{
+	uint ret = 0;
+	for (uint ai = _ab, bi = _bb; ai < _ae && bi < _be && nibble(_a, ai) == nibble(_b, bi); ++ai, ++bi) {}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+// alters given RLP such that the given key[_begin:_end]/value exists under it, and puts the new RLP into _s.
+// _s's size could be anything.
+void GenericTrieDB::insertHelper(RLPStream& _s, RLP const& _node, bytesConstRef _key, bytesConstRef _value, uint _begin, uint _end)
+{
+	if (_node.isNull() || _node.isEmpty())
+	{
+		_s.insertList(2);
+		_s << hexPrefixEncode(_key, true, _begin, _end);
+		_s.appendString(_value);
+	}
+	else if (_node.itemCount() == 2)
+	{
+		// split [k,v] into branch
+		auto pl = _node[0].payload();
+		auto plb = (_node[0] & 0x10) ? 1 : 2;
+		auto ple = pl.size() - plb;
+		uint pivot = sharedNibbles(_key, _begin, _end, pl, plb, ple);
+		// special case for pivot == first nibble, pivot == last nibble. if it's anything else, need stem, branch, 2 stems (old & new)
+		if (pivot == _end - _begin && pivot == ple - plb)
+		{
+			_s.insertList(2);
+			_s << _node[0];
+			_s.appendString(_value);
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			if (pivot == 0)
+			{
+				// branch immediately
+				_s.insertList(17);
+				if (_begin == _end)
+				{
+					// as value
+					for (auto i = 0; i < 16; ++i)
+						_s << _node[i];
+					_s << _value;
+				}
+			}
+			else
+		}
+	}
+	else if (_node.itemCount() == 17)
+	{
+		// insert into branch
+		_s.insertList(17);
+		if (_begin == _end)
+		{
+			// as value
+			for (auto i = 0; i < 16; ++i)
+				_s << _node[i];
+			_s << _value;
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			// underneath
+			auto n = nibble(_key, _begin);
+			for (auto i = 0; i < 17; ++i)
+				if (n == i)
+					insertItem(s, _node[i], _key, _value, _begin, _end);
+				else
+					_s << _node[i];
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Inserts the given item into an RLPStream, either inline (if RLP < 32) or creating a node and inserting the hash.
+void GenericTrieDB::insertItem(RLPStream& _s, RLP const& _node, bytesConstRef _k, bytesConstRef _v, uint _begin, uint _end)
+{
+	// Kill old node.
+	if (_node.isString() || _node.isInt())
+		killNode(_node.toHash());
+
+	RLPStream s;
+	insertHelper(s, _node, _k, _v, _begin, _end);
+	if (s.size() < 32)
+		_s.insertRaw(s.out());
+	else
+		_s << insertNode(s.out());
+}
+
+void GenericTrieDB::insert(bytesConstRef _key, bytesConstRef _value, )
+{
+	string rv = node(m_root);
+	killNode(m_root);
+
+	RLPStream s;
+	insertHelper(s, RLP(rv), _key, _value, 0, _key.size() * 2);
+	m_root = insertNode(s.out());
+}
+
+void GenericTrieDB::remove(bytesConstRef _key)
+{
+
+}
+
+std::string GenericTrieDB::at(bytesConstRef _key) const
+{
+	return std::string();
+}
+
+
 }
diff --git a/libethereum/Trie.h b/libethereum/Trie.h
index fa632ac7f..b380075dc 100644
--- a/libethereum/Trie.h
+++ b/libethereum/Trie.h
@@ -58,10 +58,28 @@ private:
 	TrieNode* m_root;
 };
 
+/*class HashDBFace
+{
+public:
+	virtual void insert(h256 _key, bytesConstRef _value) = 0;
+	virtual void remove(h256 _key) = 0;
+	virtual std::string at(h256 _key) const = 0;
+};
+
+class HashDBOverlay
+{
+public:
+
+	virtual void insert(h256 _key, bytesConstRef _value) = 0;
+	virtual void remove(h256 _key) = 0;
+	virtual std::string at(h256 _key) const = 0;
+};*/
+
 /**
  * @brief Merkle Patricia Tree "Trie": a modifed base-16 Radix tree.
  * This version uses an LDB backend - TODO: split off m_db & m_over into opaque key/value map layer and allow caching & testing without DB.
  * TODO: Implement!
+ * TODO: Init function that inserts the SHA(emptyRLP) -> emptyRLP into the DB and sets m_root to SHA(emptyRLP).
  */
 class GenericTrieDB
 {
@@ -79,15 +97,18 @@ public:
 	void debugPrint() {}
 
 	std::string at(bytesConstRef _key) const { return std::string(); }
-	void insert(bytesConstRef _key, bytesConstRef _value) {}
+	void insert(bytesConstRef _key, bytesConstRef _value);
 	void remove(bytesConstRef _key) {}
 
 	// TODO: iterators.
 
 private:
-	std::string node(h256 _h) const { if (_h == c_null) return std::string(); if (m_over) { auto it = m_over->find(_h); if (it != m_over->end()) return it->second; } std::string ret; m_db->Get(m_readOptions, ldb::Slice((char const*)&m_root, 32), &ret); return ret; }
-	void insertNode(h256 _h, bytesConstRef _v) const {}
-	void killNode(h256 _h) const {}	// only from overlay - no killing from DB proper.
+	void insertHelper(bytesConstRef _key, bytesConstRef _value, uint _begin, uint _end);
+
+	std::string node(h256 _h) const { if (_h == c_null) return std::string(); if (m_over) { auto it = m_over->find(_h); if (it != m_over->end()) return it->second; } std::string ret; if (m_db) m_db->Get(m_readOptions, ldb::Slice((char const*)&m_root, 32), &ret); return ret; }
+	void insertNode(h256 _h, bytesConstRef _v) const { m_over[_h] = _v; }
+	h256 insertNode(bytesConstRef _v) const { auto h = sha3(_v); m_over[h] = _v; return h; }
+	void killNode(h256 _h) const { m_over->erase(_h); }	// only from overlay - no killing from DB proper.
 
 	static const h256 c_null;
 	h256 m_root = c_null;