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389 lines
16 KiB
389 lines
16 KiB
/*
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This file is part of cpp-ethereum.
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cpp-ethereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
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(at your option) any later version.
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cpp-ethereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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GNU General Public License for more details.
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You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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along with cpp-ethereum. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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*/
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/** @file FixedHash.h
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* @author Gav Wood <i@gavwood.com>
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* @date 2014
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*
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* The FixedHash fixed-size "hash" container type.
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*/
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#pragma once
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#include <array>
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#include <cstdint>
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#include <algorithm>
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#include <random>
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#include "CommonData.h"
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namespace dev
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{
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/// Compile-time calculation of Log2 of constant values.
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template <unsigned N> struct StaticLog2 { enum { result = 1 + StaticLog2<N/2>::result }; };
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template <> struct StaticLog2<1> { enum { result = 0 }; };
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extern std::random_device s_fixedHashEngine;
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/// Fixed-size raw-byte array container type, with an API optimised for storing hashes.
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/// Transparently converts to/from the corresponding arithmetic type; this will
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/// assume the data contained in the hash is big-endian.
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template <unsigned N>
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class FixedHash
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{
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public:
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/// The corresponding arithmetic type.
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using Arith = boost::multiprecision::number<boost::multiprecision::cpp_int_backend<N * 8, N * 8, boost::multiprecision::unsigned_magnitude, boost::multiprecision::unchecked, void>>;
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/// The size of the container.
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enum { size = N };
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/// A dummy flag to avoid accidental construction from pointer.
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enum ConstructFromPointerType { ConstructFromPointer };
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/// Method to convert from a string.
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enum ConstructFromStringType { FromHex, FromBinary };
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/// Method to convert from a string.
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enum ConstructFromHashType { AlignLeft, AlignRight, FailIfDifferent };
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/// Construct an empty hash.
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FixedHash() { m_data.fill(0); }
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/// Construct from another hash, filling with zeroes or cropping as necessary.
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template <unsigned M> explicit FixedHash(FixedHash<M> const& _h, ConstructFromHashType _t = AlignLeft) { m_data.fill(0); unsigned c = std::min(M, N); for (unsigned i = 0; i < c; ++i) m_data[_t == AlignRight ? N - 1 - i : i] = _h[_t == AlignRight ? M - 1 - i : i]; }
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/// Convert from the corresponding arithmetic type.
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FixedHash(Arith const& _arith) { toBigEndian(_arith, m_data); }
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/// Convert from unsigned
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explicit FixedHash(unsigned _u) { toBigEndian(_u, m_data); }
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/// Explicitly construct, copying from a byte array.
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explicit FixedHash(bytes const& _b, ConstructFromHashType _t = FailIfDifferent) { if (_b.size() == N) memcpy(m_data.data(), _b.data(), std::min<unsigned>(_b.size(), N)); else { m_data.fill(0); if (_t != FailIfDifferent) { auto c = std::min<unsigned>(_b.size(), N); for (unsigned i = 0; i < c; ++i) m_data[_t == AlignRight ? N - 1 - i : i] = _b[_t == AlignRight ? _b.size() - 1 - i : i]; } } }
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/// Explicitly construct, copying from a byte array.
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explicit FixedHash(bytesConstRef _b, ConstructFromHashType _t = FailIfDifferent) { if (_b.size() == N) memcpy(m_data.data(), _b.data(), std::min<unsigned>(_b.size(), N)); else { m_data.fill(0); if (_t != FailIfDifferent) { auto c = std::min<unsigned>(_b.size(), N); for (unsigned i = 0; i < c; ++i) m_data[_t == AlignRight ? N - 1 - i : i] = _b[_t == AlignRight ? _b.size() - 1 - i : i]; } } }
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/// Explicitly construct, copying from a bytes in memory with given pointer.
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explicit FixedHash(byte const* _bs, ConstructFromPointerType) { memcpy(m_data.data(), _bs, N); }
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/// Explicitly construct, copying from a string.
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explicit FixedHash(std::string const& _s, ConstructFromStringType _t = FromHex, ConstructFromHashType _ht = FailIfDifferent): FixedHash(_t == FromHex ? fromHex(_s, WhenError::Throw) : dev::asBytes(_s), _ht) {}
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/// Convert to arithmetic type.
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operator Arith() const { return fromBigEndian<Arith>(m_data); }
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/// @returns true iff this is the empty hash.
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explicit operator bool() const { return std::any_of(m_data.begin(), m_data.end(), [](byte _b) { return _b != 0; }); }
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// The obvious comparison operators.
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bool operator==(FixedHash const& _c) const { return m_data == _c.m_data; }
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bool operator!=(FixedHash const& _c) const { return m_data != _c.m_data; }
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bool operator<(FixedHash const& _c) const { for (unsigned i = 0; i < N; ++i) if (m_data[i] < _c.m_data[i]) return true; else if (m_data[i] > _c.m_data[i]) return false; return false; }
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bool operator>=(FixedHash const& _c) const { return !operator<(_c); }
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bool operator<=(FixedHash const& _c) const { return operator==(_c) || operator<(_c); }
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bool operator>(FixedHash const& _c) const { return !operator<=(_c); }
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// The obvious binary operators.
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FixedHash& operator^=(FixedHash const& _c) { for (unsigned i = 0; i < N; ++i) m_data[i] ^= _c.m_data[i]; return *this; }
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FixedHash operator^(FixedHash const& _c) const { return FixedHash(*this) ^= _c; }
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FixedHash& operator|=(FixedHash const& _c) { for (unsigned i = 0; i < N; ++i) m_data[i] |= _c.m_data[i]; return *this; }
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FixedHash operator|(FixedHash const& _c) const { return FixedHash(*this) |= _c; }
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FixedHash& operator&=(FixedHash const& _c) { for (unsigned i = 0; i < N; ++i) m_data[i] &= _c.m_data[i]; return *this; }
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FixedHash operator&(FixedHash const& _c) const { return FixedHash(*this) &= _c; }
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FixedHash operator~() const { FixedHash ret; for (unsigned i = 0; i < N; ++i) ret[i] = ~m_data[i]; return ret; }
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// Big-endian increment.
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FixedHash& operator++() { for (unsigned i = size; i > 0 && !++m_data[--i]; ) {} return *this; }
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/// @returns true if all one-bits in @a _c are set in this object.
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bool contains(FixedHash const& _c) const { return (*this & _c) == _c; }
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/// @returns a particular byte from the hash.
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byte& operator[](unsigned _i) { return m_data[_i]; }
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/// @returns a particular byte from the hash.
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byte operator[](unsigned _i) const { return m_data[_i]; }
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/// @returns an abridged version of the hash as a user-readable hex string.
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std::string abridged() const { return toHex(ref().cropped(0, 4)) + "\342\200\246"; }
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/// @returns a version of the hash as a user-readable hex string that leaves out the middle part.
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std::string abridgedMiddle() const { return toHex(ref().cropped(0, 4)) + "\342\200\246" + toHex(ref().cropped(N - 4)); }
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/// @returns the hash as a user-readable hex string.
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std::string hex() const { return toHex(ref()); }
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/// @returns a mutable byte vector_ref to the object's data.
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bytesRef ref() { return bytesRef(m_data.data(), N); }
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/// @returns a constant byte vector_ref to the object's data.
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bytesConstRef ref() const { return bytesConstRef(m_data.data(), N); }
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/// @returns a mutable byte pointer to the object's data.
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byte* data() { return m_data.data(); }
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/// @returns a constant byte pointer to the object's data.
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byte const* data() const { return m_data.data(); }
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/// @returns a copy of the object's data as a byte vector.
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bytes asBytes() const { return bytes(data(), data() + N); }
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/// @returns a mutable reference to the object's data as an STL array.
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std::array<byte, N>& asArray() { return m_data; }
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/// @returns a constant reference to the object's data as an STL array.
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std::array<byte, N> const& asArray() const { return m_data; }
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/// Populate with random data.
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template <class Engine>
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void randomize(Engine& _eng)
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{
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for (auto& i: m_data)
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i = (uint8_t)std::uniform_int_distribution<uint16_t>(0, 255)(_eng);
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}
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/// @returns a random valued object.
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static FixedHash random() { FixedHash ret; ret.randomize(s_fixedHashEngine); return ret; }
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struct hash
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{
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/// Make a hash of the object's data.
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size_t operator()(FixedHash const& _value) const { return boost::hash_range(_value.m_data.cbegin(), _value.m_data.cend()); }
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};
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template <unsigned P, unsigned M> inline FixedHash& shiftBloom(FixedHash<M> const& _h)
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{
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return (*this |= _h.template bloomPart<P, N>());
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}
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template <unsigned P, unsigned M> inline bool containsBloom(FixedHash<M> const& _h)
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{
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return contains(_h.template bloomPart<P, N>());
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}
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template <unsigned P, unsigned M> inline FixedHash<M> bloomPart() const
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{
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unsigned const c_bloomBits = M * 8;
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unsigned const c_mask = c_bloomBits - 1;
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unsigned const c_bloomBytes = (StaticLog2<c_bloomBits>::result + 7) / 8;
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static_assert((M & (M - 1)) == 0, "M must be power-of-two");
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static_assert(P * c_bloomBytes <= N, "out of range");
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FixedHash<M> ret;
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byte const* p = data();
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for (unsigned i = 0; i < P; ++i)
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{
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unsigned index = 0;
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for (unsigned j = 0; j < c_bloomBytes; ++j, ++p)
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index = (index << 8) | *p;
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index &= c_mask;
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ret[M - 1 - index / 8] |= (1 << (index % 8));
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}
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return ret;
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}
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/// Returns the index of the first bit set to one, or size() * 8 if no bits are set.
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inline unsigned firstBitSet() const
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{
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unsigned ret = 0;
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for (auto d: m_data)
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if (d)
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for (;; ++ret, d <<= 1)
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if (d & 0x80)
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return ret;
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else {}
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else
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ret += 8;
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return ret;
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}
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void clear() { m_data.fill(0); }
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private:
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std::array<byte, N> m_data; ///< The binary data.
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};
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template <unsigned T>
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class SecureFixedHash: private FixedHash<T>
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{
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public:
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using ConstructFromHashType = typename FixedHash<T>::ConstructFromHashType;
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using ConstructFromStringType = typename FixedHash<T>::ConstructFromStringType;
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using ConstructFromPointerType = typename FixedHash<T>::ConstructFromPointerType;
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SecureFixedHash() = default;
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explicit SecureFixedHash(bytes const& _b, ConstructFromHashType _t = FixedHash<T>::FailIfDifferent): FixedHash<T>(_b, _t) {}
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explicit SecureFixedHash(bytesConstRef _b, ConstructFromHashType _t = FixedHash<T>::FailIfDifferent): FixedHash<T>(_b, _t) {}
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explicit SecureFixedHash(bytesSec const& _b, ConstructFromHashType _t = FixedHash<T>::FailIfDifferent): FixedHash<T>(_b.ref(), _t) {}
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template <unsigned M> explicit SecureFixedHash(FixedHash<M> const& _h, ConstructFromHashType _t = FixedHash<T>::AlignLeft): FixedHash<T>(_h, _t) {}
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template <unsigned M> explicit SecureFixedHash(SecureFixedHash<M> const& _h, ConstructFromHashType _t = FixedHash<T>::AlignLeft): FixedHash<T>(_h.makeInsecure(), _t) {}
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explicit SecureFixedHash(std::string const& _s, ConstructFromStringType _t = FixedHash<T>::FromHex, ConstructFromHashType _ht = FixedHash<T>::FailIfDifferent): FixedHash<T>(_s, _t, _ht) {}
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explicit SecureFixedHash(bytes const* _d, ConstructFromPointerType _t): FixedHash<T>(_d, _t) {}
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~SecureFixedHash() { ref().cleanse(); }
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SecureFixedHash<T>& operator=(SecureFixedHash<T> const& _c)
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{
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if (&_c == this)
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return *this;
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ref().cleanse();
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FixedHash<T>::operator=(static_cast<FixedHash<T> const&>(_c));
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return *this;
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}
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using FixedHash<T>::size;
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bytesSec asBytesSec() const { return bytesSec(ref()); }
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FixedHash<T> const& makeInsecure() const { return static_cast<FixedHash<T> const&>(*this); }
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FixedHash<T>& writable() { clear(); return static_cast<FixedHash<T>&>(*this); }
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using FixedHash<T>::operator bool;
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// The obvious comparison operators.
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bool operator==(SecureFixedHash const& _c) const { return static_cast<FixedHash<T> const&>(*this).operator==(static_cast<FixedHash<T> const&>(_c)); }
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bool operator!=(SecureFixedHash const& _c) const { return static_cast<FixedHash<T> const&>(*this).operator!=(static_cast<FixedHash<T> const&>(_c)); }
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bool operator<(SecureFixedHash const& _c) const { return static_cast<FixedHash<T> const&>(*this).operator<(static_cast<FixedHash<T> const&>(_c)); }
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bool operator>=(SecureFixedHash const& _c) const { return static_cast<FixedHash<T> const&>(*this).operator>=(static_cast<FixedHash<T> const&>(_c)); }
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bool operator<=(SecureFixedHash const& _c) const { return static_cast<FixedHash<T> const&>(*this).operator<=(static_cast<FixedHash<T> const&>(_c)); }
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bool operator>(SecureFixedHash const& _c) const { return static_cast<FixedHash<T> const&>(*this).operator>(static_cast<FixedHash<T> const&>(_c)); }
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using FixedHash<T>::operator==;
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using FixedHash<T>::operator!=;
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using FixedHash<T>::operator<;
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using FixedHash<T>::operator>=;
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using FixedHash<T>::operator<=;
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using FixedHash<T>::operator>;
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// The obvious binary operators.
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SecureFixedHash& operator^=(FixedHash<T> const& _c) { static_cast<FixedHash<T>&>(*this).operator^=(_c); return *this; }
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SecureFixedHash operator^(FixedHash<T> const& _c) const { return SecureFixedHash(*this) ^= _c; }
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SecureFixedHash& operator|=(FixedHash<T> const& _c) { static_cast<FixedHash<T>&>(*this).operator^=(_c); return *this; }
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SecureFixedHash operator|(FixedHash<T> const& _c) const { return SecureFixedHash(*this) |= _c; }
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SecureFixedHash& operator&=(FixedHash<T> const& _c) { static_cast<FixedHash<T>&>(*this).operator^=(_c); return *this; }
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SecureFixedHash operator&(FixedHash<T> const& _c) const { return SecureFixedHash(*this) &= _c; }
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SecureFixedHash& operator^=(SecureFixedHash const& _c) { static_cast<FixedHash<T>&>(*this).operator^=(static_cast<FixedHash<T> const&>(_c)); return *this; }
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SecureFixedHash operator^(SecureFixedHash const& _c) const { return SecureFixedHash(*this) ^= _c; }
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SecureFixedHash& operator|=(SecureFixedHash const& _c) { static_cast<FixedHash<T>&>(*this).operator^=(static_cast<FixedHash<T> const&>(_c)); return *this; }
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SecureFixedHash operator|(SecureFixedHash const& _c) const { return SecureFixedHash(*this) |= _c; }
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SecureFixedHash& operator&=(SecureFixedHash const& _c) { static_cast<FixedHash<T>&>(*this).operator^=(static_cast<FixedHash<T> const&>(_c)); return *this; }
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SecureFixedHash operator&(SecureFixedHash const& _c) const { return SecureFixedHash(*this) &= _c; }
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SecureFixedHash operator~() const { auto r = ~static_cast<FixedHash<T> const&>(*this); return static_cast<SecureFixedHash const&>(r); }
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using FixedHash<T>::abridged;
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using FixedHash<T>::abridgedMiddle;
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bytesConstRef ref() const { return FixedHash<T>::ref(); }
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byte const* data() const { return FixedHash<T>::data(); }
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using FixedHash<T>::firstBitSet;
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void clear() { ref().cleanse(); }
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};
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/// Fast equality operator for h256.
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template<> inline bool FixedHash<32>::operator==(FixedHash<32> const& _other) const
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{
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const uint64_t* hash1 = (const uint64_t*)data();
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const uint64_t* hash2 = (const uint64_t*)_other.data();
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return (hash1[0] == hash2[0]) && (hash1[1] == hash2[1]) && (hash1[2] == hash2[2]) && (hash1[3] == hash2[3]);
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}
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/// Fast std::hash compatible hash function object for h256.
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template<> inline size_t FixedHash<32>::hash::operator()(FixedHash<32> const& value) const
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{
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uint64_t const* data = reinterpret_cast<uint64_t const*>(value.data());
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return boost::hash_range(data, data + 4);
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}
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/// Stream I/O for the FixedHash class.
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template <unsigned N>
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inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& _out, FixedHash<N> const& _h)
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{
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_out << std::noshowbase << std::hex << std::setfill('0');
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for (unsigned i = 0; i < N; ++i)
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_out << std::setw(2) << (int)_h[i];
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_out << std::dec;
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return _out;
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}
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/// Stream I/O for the SecureFixedHash class.
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template <unsigned N>
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inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& _out, SecureFixedHash<N> const& _h)
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{
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_out << "SecureFixedHash#" << std::hex << typename FixedHash<N>::hash()(_h.makeInsecure()) << std::dec;
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return _out;
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}
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// Common types of FixedHash.
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using h2048 = FixedHash<256>;
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using h1024 = FixedHash<128>;
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using h520 = FixedHash<65>;
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using h512 = FixedHash<64>;
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using h256 = FixedHash<32>;
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using h160 = FixedHash<20>;
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using h128 = FixedHash<16>;
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using h64 = FixedHash<8>;
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using h512s = std::vector<h512>;
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using h256s = std::vector<h256>;
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using h160s = std::vector<h160>;
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using h256Set = std::set<h256>;
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using h160Set = std::set<h160>;
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using h256Hash = std::unordered_set<h256>;
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using h160Hash = std::unordered_set<h160>;
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/// Convert the given value into h160 (160-bit unsigned integer) using the right 20 bytes.
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inline h160 right160(h256 const& _t)
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{
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h160 ret;
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memcpy(ret.data(), _t.data() + 12, 20);
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return ret;
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}
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/// Convert the given value into h160 (160-bit unsigned integer) using the left 20 bytes.
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inline h160 left160(h256 const& _t)
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{
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h160 ret;
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memcpy(&ret[0], _t.data(), 20);
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return ret;
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}
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h128 fromUUID(std::string const& _uuid);
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std::string toUUID(h128 const& _uuid);
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inline std::string toString(h256s const& _bs)
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{
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std::ostringstream out;
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out << "[ ";
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for (auto i: _bs)
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out << i.abridged() << ", ";
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out << "]";
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return out.str();
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}
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}
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namespace std
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{
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/// Forward std::hash<dev::FixedHash> to dev::FixedHash::hash.
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template<> struct hash<dev::h64>: dev::h64::hash {};
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template<> struct hash<dev::h128>: dev::h128::hash {};
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template<> struct hash<dev::h160>: dev::h160::hash {};
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template<> struct hash<dev::h256>: dev::h256::hash {};
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template<> struct hash<dev::h512>: dev::h512::hash {};
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}
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