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/**********************************************************************
* Copyright (c) 2013, 2014 Pieter Wuille *
* Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying *
* file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.*
**********************************************************************/
#ifndef _SECP256K1_GROUP_IMPL_H_
#define _SECP256K1_GROUP_IMPL_H_
#include <string.h>
#include "num.h"
#include "field.h"
#include "group.h"
/** Generator for secp256k1, value 'g' defined in
* "Standards for Efficient Cryptography" (SEC2) 2.7.1.
*/
static const secp256k1_ge_t secp256k1_ge_const_g = SECP256K1_GE_CONST(
0x79BE667EUL, 0xF9DCBBACUL, 0x55A06295UL, 0xCE870B07UL,
0x029BFCDBUL, 0x2DCE28D9UL, 0x59F2815BUL, 0x16F81798UL,
0x483ADA77UL, 0x26A3C465UL, 0x5DA4FBFCUL, 0x0E1108A8UL,
0xFD17B448UL, 0xA6855419UL, 0x9C47D08FUL, 0xFB10D4B8UL
);
static void secp256k1_ge_set_infinity(secp256k1_ge_t *r) {
r->infinity = 1;
}
static void secp256k1_ge_set_xy(secp256k1_ge_t *r, const secp256k1_fe_t *x, const secp256k1_fe_t *y) {
r->infinity = 0;
r->x = *x;
r->y = *y;
}
static int secp256k1_ge_is_infinity(const secp256k1_ge_t *a) {
return a->infinity;
}
static void secp256k1_ge_neg(secp256k1_ge_t *r, const secp256k1_ge_t *a) {
*r = *a;
secp256k1_fe_normalize_weak(&r->y);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&r->y, &r->y, 1);
}
static void secp256k1_ge_set_gej(secp256k1_ge_t *r, secp256k1_gej_t *a) {
secp256k1_fe_t z2, z3;
r->infinity = a->infinity;
secp256k1_fe_inv(&a->z, &a->z);
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&z2, &a->z);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&z3, &a->z, &z2);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&a->x, &a->x, &z2);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&a->y, &a->y, &z3);
secp256k1_fe_set_int(&a->z, 1);
r->x = a->x;
r->y = a->y;
}
static void secp256k1_ge_set_gej_var(secp256k1_ge_t *r, secp256k1_gej_t *a) {
secp256k1_fe_t z2, z3;
r->infinity = a->infinity;
if (a->infinity) {
return;
}
secp256k1_fe_inv_var(&a->z, &a->z);
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&z2, &a->z);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&z3, &a->z, &z2);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&a->x, &a->x, &z2);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&a->y, &a->y, &z3);
secp256k1_fe_set_int(&a->z, 1);
r->x = a->x;
r->y = a->y;
}
static void secp256k1_ge_set_all_gej_var(size_t len, secp256k1_ge_t *r, const secp256k1_gej_t *a) {
secp256k1_fe_t *az;
secp256k1_fe_t *azi;
size_t i;
size_t count = 0;
az = (secp256k1_fe_t *)checked_malloc(sizeof(secp256k1_fe_t) * len);
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
if (!a[i].infinity) {
az[count++] = a[i].z;
}
}
azi = (secp256k1_fe_t *)checked_malloc(sizeof(secp256k1_fe_t) * count);
secp256k1_fe_inv_all_var(count, azi, az);
free(az);
count = 0;
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
r[i].infinity = a[i].infinity;
if (!a[i].infinity) {
secp256k1_fe_t zi2, zi3;
secp256k1_fe_t *zi = &azi[count++];
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&zi2, zi);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&zi3, &zi2, zi);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&r[i].x, &a[i].x, &zi2);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&r[i].y, &a[i].y, &zi3);
}
}
free(azi);
}
static void secp256k1_gej_set_infinity(secp256k1_gej_t *r) {
r->infinity = 1;
secp256k1_fe_set_int(&r->x, 0);
secp256k1_fe_set_int(&r->y, 0);
secp256k1_fe_set_int(&r->z, 0);
}
static void secp256k1_gej_set_xy(secp256k1_gej_t *r, const secp256k1_fe_t *x, const secp256k1_fe_t *y) {
r->infinity = 0;
r->x = *x;
r->y = *y;
secp256k1_fe_set_int(&r->z, 1);
}
static void secp256k1_gej_clear(secp256k1_gej_t *r) {
r->infinity = 0;
secp256k1_fe_clear(&r->x);
secp256k1_fe_clear(&r->y);
secp256k1_fe_clear(&r->z);
}
static void secp256k1_ge_clear(secp256k1_ge_t *r) {
r->infinity = 0;
secp256k1_fe_clear(&r->x);
secp256k1_fe_clear(&r->y);
}
static int secp256k1_ge_set_xo_var(secp256k1_ge_t *r, const secp256k1_fe_t *x, int odd) {
secp256k1_fe_t x2, x3, c;
r->x = *x;
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&x2, x);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&x3, x, &x2);
r->infinity = 0;
secp256k1_fe_set_int(&c, 7);
secp256k1_fe_add(&c, &x3);
if (!secp256k1_fe_sqrt_var(&r->y, &c)) {
return 0;
}
secp256k1_fe_normalize_var(&r->y);
if (secp256k1_fe_is_odd(&r->y) != odd) {
secp256k1_fe_negate(&r->y, &r->y, 1);
}
return 1;
}
static void secp256k1_gej_set_ge(secp256k1_gej_t *r, const secp256k1_ge_t *a) {
r->infinity = a->infinity;
r->x = a->x;
r->y = a->y;
secp256k1_fe_set_int(&r->z, 1);
}
static int secp256k1_gej_eq_x_var(const secp256k1_fe_t *x, const secp256k1_gej_t *a) {
secp256k1_fe_t r, r2;
VERIFY_CHECK(!a->infinity);
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&r, &a->z); secp256k1_fe_mul(&r, &r, x);
r2 = a->x; secp256k1_fe_normalize_weak(&r2);
return secp256k1_fe_equal_var(&r, &r2);
}
static void secp256k1_gej_neg(secp256k1_gej_t *r, const secp256k1_gej_t *a) {
r->infinity = a->infinity;
r->x = a->x;
r->y = a->y;
r->z = a->z;
secp256k1_fe_normalize_weak(&r->y);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&r->y, &r->y, 1);
}
static int secp256k1_gej_is_infinity(const secp256k1_gej_t *a) {
return a->infinity;
}
static int secp256k1_gej_is_valid_var(const secp256k1_gej_t *a) {
secp256k1_fe_t y2, x3, z2, z6;
if (a->infinity) {
return 0;
}
/** y^2 = x^3 + 7
* (Y/Z^3)^2 = (X/Z^2)^3 + 7
* Y^2 / Z^6 = X^3 / Z^6 + 7
* Y^2 = X^3 + 7*Z^6
*/
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&y2, &a->y);
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&x3, &a->x); secp256k1_fe_mul(&x3, &x3, &a->x);
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&z2, &a->z);
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&z6, &z2); secp256k1_fe_mul(&z6, &z6, &z2);
secp256k1_fe_mul_int(&z6, 7);
secp256k1_fe_add(&x3, &z6);
secp256k1_fe_normalize_weak(&x3);
return secp256k1_fe_equal_var(&y2, &x3);
}
static int secp256k1_ge_is_valid_var(const secp256k1_ge_t *a) {
secp256k1_fe_t y2, x3, c;
if (a->infinity) {
return 0;
}
/* y^2 = x^3 + 7 */
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&y2, &a->y);
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&x3, &a->x); secp256k1_fe_mul(&x3, &x3, &a->x);
secp256k1_fe_set_int(&c, 7);
secp256k1_fe_add(&x3, &c);
secp256k1_fe_normalize_weak(&x3);
return secp256k1_fe_equal_var(&y2, &x3);
}
static void secp256k1_gej_double_var(secp256k1_gej_t *r, const secp256k1_gej_t *a) {
/* Operations: 3 mul, 4 sqr, 0 normalize, 12 mul_int/add/negate */
secp256k1_fe_t t1,t2,t3,t4;
/** For secp256k1, 2Q is infinity if and only if Q is infinity. This is because if 2Q = infinity,
* Q must equal -Q, or that Q.y == -(Q.y), or Q.y is 0. For a point on y^2 = x^3 + 7 to have
* y=0, x^3 must be -7 mod p. However, -7 has no cube root mod p.
*/
r->infinity = a->infinity;
if (r->infinity) {
return;
}
secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->z, &a->z, &a->y);
secp256k1_fe_mul_int(&r->z, 2); /* Z' = 2*Y*Z (2) */
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&t1, &a->x);
secp256k1_fe_mul_int(&t1, 3); /* T1 = 3*X^2 (3) */
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&t2, &t1); /* T2 = 9*X^4 (1) */
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&t3, &a->y);
secp256k1_fe_mul_int(&t3, 2); /* T3 = 2*Y^2 (2) */
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&t4, &t3);
secp256k1_fe_mul_int(&t4, 2); /* T4 = 8*Y^4 (2) */
secp256k1_fe_mul(&t3, &t3, &a->x); /* T3 = 2*X*Y^2 (1) */
r->x = t3;
secp256k1_fe_mul_int(&r->x, 4); /* X' = 8*X*Y^2 (4) */
secp256k1_fe_negate(&r->x, &r->x, 4); /* X' = -8*X*Y^2 (5) */
secp256k1_fe_add(&r->x, &t2); /* X' = 9*X^4 - 8*X*Y^2 (6) */
secp256k1_fe_negate(&t2, &t2, 1); /* T2 = -9*X^4 (2) */
secp256k1_fe_mul_int(&t3, 6); /* T3 = 12*X*Y^2 (6) */
secp256k1_fe_add(&t3, &t2); /* T3 = 12*X*Y^2 - 9*X^4 (8) */
secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->y, &t1, &t3); /* Y' = 36*X^3*Y^2 - 27*X^6 (1) */
secp256k1_fe_negate(&t2, &t4, 2); /* T2 = -8*Y^4 (3) */
secp256k1_fe_add(&r->y, &t2); /* Y' = 36*X^3*Y^2 - 27*X^6 - 8*Y^4 (4) */
}
static void secp256k1_gej_add_var(secp256k1_gej_t *r, const secp256k1_gej_t *a, const secp256k1_gej_t *b) {
/* Operations: 12 mul, 4 sqr, 2 normalize, 12 mul_int/add/negate */
secp256k1_fe_t z22, z12, u1, u2, s1, s2, h, i, i2, h2, h3, t;
if (a->infinity) {
*r = *b;
return;
}
if (b->infinity) {
*r = *a;
return;
}
r->infinity = 0;
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&z22, &b->z);
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&z12, &a->z);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&u1, &a->x, &z22);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&u2, &b->x, &z12);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&s1, &a->y, &z22); secp256k1_fe_mul(&s1, &s1, &b->z);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&s2, &b->y, &z12); secp256k1_fe_mul(&s2, &s2, &a->z);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&h, &u1, 1); secp256k1_fe_add(&h, &u2);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&i, &s1, 1); secp256k1_fe_add(&i, &s2);
if (secp256k1_fe_normalizes_to_zero_var(&h)) {
if (secp256k1_fe_normalizes_to_zero_var(&i)) {
secp256k1_gej_double_var(r, a);
} else {
r->infinity = 1;
}
return;
}
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&i2, &i);
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&h2, &h);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&h3, &h, &h2);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->z, &a->z, &b->z); secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->z, &r->z, &h);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&t, &u1, &h2);
r->x = t; secp256k1_fe_mul_int(&r->x, 2); secp256k1_fe_add(&r->x, &h3); secp256k1_fe_negate(&r->x, &r->x, 3); secp256k1_fe_add(&r->x, &i2);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&r->y, &r->x, 5); secp256k1_fe_add(&r->y, &t); secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->y, &r->y, &i);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&h3, &h3, &s1); secp256k1_fe_negate(&h3, &h3, 1);
secp256k1_fe_add(&r->y, &h3);
}
static void secp256k1_gej_add_ge_var(secp256k1_gej_t *r, const secp256k1_gej_t *a, const secp256k1_ge_t *b) {
/* 8 mul, 3 sqr, 4 normalize, 12 mul_int/add/negate */
secp256k1_fe_t z12, u1, u2, s1, s2, h, i, i2, h2, h3, t;
if (a->infinity) {
r->infinity = b->infinity;
r->x = b->x;
r->y = b->y;
secp256k1_fe_set_int(&r->z, 1);
return;
}
if (b->infinity) {
*r = *a;
return;
}
r->infinity = 0;
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&z12, &a->z);
u1 = a->x; secp256k1_fe_normalize_weak(&u1);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&u2, &b->x, &z12);
s1 = a->y; secp256k1_fe_normalize_weak(&s1);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&s2, &b->y, &z12); secp256k1_fe_mul(&s2, &s2, &a->z);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&h, &u1, 1); secp256k1_fe_add(&h, &u2);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&i, &s1, 1); secp256k1_fe_add(&i, &s2);
if (secp256k1_fe_normalizes_to_zero_var(&h)) {
if (secp256k1_fe_normalizes_to_zero_var(&i)) {
secp256k1_gej_double_var(r, a);
} else {
r->infinity = 1;
}
return;
}
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&i2, &i);
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&h2, &h);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&h3, &h, &h2);
r->z = a->z; secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->z, &r->z, &h);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&t, &u1, &h2);
r->x = t; secp256k1_fe_mul_int(&r->x, 2); secp256k1_fe_add(&r->x, &h3); secp256k1_fe_negate(&r->x, &r->x, 3); secp256k1_fe_add(&r->x, &i2);
secp256k1_fe_negate(&r->y, &r->x, 5); secp256k1_fe_add(&r->y, &t); secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->y, &r->y, &i);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&h3, &h3, &s1); secp256k1_fe_negate(&h3, &h3, 1);
secp256k1_fe_add(&r->y, &h3);
}
static void secp256k1_gej_add_ge(secp256k1_gej_t *r, const secp256k1_gej_t *a, const secp256k1_ge_t *b) {
/* Operations: 7 mul, 5 sqr, 5 normalize, 17 mul_int/add/negate/cmov */
static const secp256k1_fe_t fe_1 = SECP256K1_FE_CONST(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1);
secp256k1_fe_t zz, u1, u2, s1, s2, z, t, m, n, q, rr;
int infinity;
VERIFY_CHECK(!b->infinity);
VERIFY_CHECK(a->infinity == 0 || a->infinity == 1);
/** In:
* Eric Brier and Marc Joye, Weierstrass Elliptic Curves and Side-Channel Attacks.
* In D. Naccache and P. Paillier, Eds., Public Key Cryptography, vol. 2274 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 335-345. Springer-Verlag, 2002.
* we find as solution for a unified addition/doubling formula:
* lambda = ((x1 + x2)^2 - x1 * x2 + a) / (y1 + y2), with a = 0 for secp256k1's curve equation.
* x3 = lambda^2 - (x1 + x2)
* 2*y3 = lambda * (x1 + x2 - 2 * x3) - (y1 + y2).
*
* Substituting x_i = Xi / Zi^2 and yi = Yi / Zi^3, for i=1,2,3, gives:
* U1 = X1*Z2^2, U2 = X2*Z1^2
* S1 = Y1*Z2^3, S2 = Y2*Z1^3
* Z = Z1*Z2
* T = U1+U2
* M = S1+S2
* Q = T*M^2
* R = T^2-U1*U2
* X3 = 4*(R^2-Q)
* Y3 = 4*(R*(3*Q-2*R^2)-M^4)
* Z3 = 2*M*Z
* (Note that the paper uses xi = Xi / Zi and yi = Yi / Zi instead.)
*/
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&zz, &a->z); /* z = Z1^2 */
u1 = a->x; secp256k1_fe_normalize_weak(&u1); /* u1 = U1 = X1*Z2^2 (1) */
secp256k1_fe_mul(&u2, &b->x, &zz); /* u2 = U2 = X2*Z1^2 (1) */
s1 = a->y; secp256k1_fe_normalize_weak(&s1); /* s1 = S1 = Y1*Z2^3 (1) */
secp256k1_fe_mul(&s2, &b->y, &zz); /* s2 = Y2*Z2^2 (1) */
secp256k1_fe_mul(&s2, &s2, &a->z); /* s2 = S2 = Y2*Z1^3 (1) */
z = a->z; /* z = Z = Z1*Z2 (8) */
t = u1; secp256k1_fe_add(&t, &u2); /* t = T = U1+U2 (2) */
m = s1; secp256k1_fe_add(&m, &s2); /* m = M = S1+S2 (2) */
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&n, &m); /* n = M^2 (1) */
secp256k1_fe_mul(&q, &n, &t); /* q = Q = T*M^2 (1) */
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&n, &n); /* n = M^4 (1) */
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&rr, &t); /* rr = T^2 (1) */
secp256k1_fe_mul(&t, &u1, &u2); secp256k1_fe_negate(&t, &t, 1); /* t = -U1*U2 (2) */
secp256k1_fe_add(&rr, &t); /* rr = R = T^2-U1*U2 (3) */
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&t, &rr); /* t = R^2 (1) */
secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->z, &m, &z); /* r->z = M*Z (1) */
infinity = secp256k1_fe_normalizes_to_zero(&r->z) * (1 - a->infinity);
secp256k1_fe_mul_int(&r->z, 2 * (1 - a->infinity)); /* r->z = Z3 = 2*M*Z (2) */
r->x = t; /* r->x = R^2 (1) */
secp256k1_fe_negate(&q, &q, 1); /* q = -Q (2) */
secp256k1_fe_add(&r->x, &q); /* r->x = R^2-Q (3) */
secp256k1_fe_normalize(&r->x);
secp256k1_fe_mul_int(&q, 3); /* q = -3*Q (6) */
secp256k1_fe_mul_int(&t, 2); /* t = 2*R^2 (2) */
secp256k1_fe_add(&t, &q); /* t = 2*R^2-3*Q (8) */
secp256k1_fe_mul(&t, &t, &rr); /* t = R*(2*R^2-3*Q) (1) */
secp256k1_fe_add(&t, &n); /* t = R*(2*R^2-3*Q)+M^4 (2) */
secp256k1_fe_negate(&r->y, &t, 2); /* r->y = R*(3*Q-2*R^2)-M^4 (3) */
secp256k1_fe_normalize_weak(&r->y);
secp256k1_fe_mul_int(&r->x, 4 * (1 - a->infinity)); /* r->x = X3 = 4*(R^2-Q) */
secp256k1_fe_mul_int(&r->y, 4 * (1 - a->infinity)); /* r->y = Y3 = 4*R*(3*Q-2*R^2)-4*M^4 (4) */
/** In case a->infinity == 1, the above code results in r->x, r->y, and r->z all equal to 0.
* Replace r with b->x, b->y, 1 in that case.
*/
secp256k1_fe_cmov(&r->x, &b->x, a->infinity);
secp256k1_fe_cmov(&r->y, &b->y, a->infinity);
secp256k1_fe_cmov(&r->z, &fe_1, a->infinity);
r->infinity = infinity;
}
static void secp256k1_gej_rescale(secp256k1_gej_t *r, const secp256k1_fe_t *s) {
/* Operations: 4 mul, 1 sqr */
secp256k1_fe_t zz;
VERIFY_CHECK(!secp256k1_fe_is_zero(s));
secp256k1_fe_sqr(&zz, s);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->x, &r->x, &zz); /* r->x *= s^2 */
secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->y, &r->y, &zz);
secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->y, &r->y, s); /* r->y *= s^3 */
secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->z, &r->z, s); /* r->z *= s */
}
static void secp256k1_ge_to_storage(secp256k1_ge_storage_t *r, const secp256k1_ge_t *a) {
secp256k1_fe_t x, y;
VERIFY_CHECK(!a->infinity);
x = a->x;
secp256k1_fe_normalize(&x);
y = a->y;
secp256k1_fe_normalize(&y);
secp256k1_fe_to_storage(&r->x, &x);
secp256k1_fe_to_storage(&r->y, &y);
}
static void secp256k1_ge_from_storage(secp256k1_ge_t *r, const secp256k1_ge_storage_t *a) {
secp256k1_fe_from_storage(&r->x, &a->x);
secp256k1_fe_from_storage(&r->y, &a->y);
r->infinity = 0;
}
static SECP256K1_INLINE void secp256k1_ge_storage_cmov(secp256k1_ge_storage_t *r, const secp256k1_ge_storage_t *a, int flag) {
secp256k1_fe_storage_cmov(&r->x, &a->x, flag);
secp256k1_fe_storage_cmov(&r->y, &a->y, flag);
}
#ifdef USE_ENDOMORPHISM
static void secp256k1_gej_mul_lambda(secp256k1_gej_t *r, const secp256k1_gej_t *a) {
static const secp256k1_fe_t beta = SECP256K1_FE_CONST(
0x7ae96a2bul, 0x657c0710ul, 0x6e64479eul, 0xac3434e9ul,
0x9cf04975ul, 0x12f58995ul, 0xc1396c28ul, 0x719501eeul
);
*r = *a;
secp256k1_fe_mul(&r->x, &r->x, &beta);
}
#endif
#endif