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<html lang=en-US-x-hixie>
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<head>
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<title>Node API</title>
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<link href="specification.css" rel=stylesheet>
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<body class=draft>
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<div class=head>
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<!--
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<p><a class=logo href="http://www.whatwg.org/" rel=home><img alt=WHATWG
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src="../../../images/logo"></a></p>
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-->
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<h1>Node API</h1>
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<h2 class="no-num no-toc"
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id=draft-recommendation-mdash-date-01-jan-1>Draft</h2>
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<dl>
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<dt>This version:
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<dd><a href="index.html">http://tinyclouds.org/node</a>
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</dl>
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<p class=copyright>© Copyright 2009 Ryan Dahl</p>
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<p class=copyright>You are granted a license to use, reproduce and create
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derivative works of this document.</p>
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</div>
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<hr>
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<h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=abstract>Abstract</h2>
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<p>This specification defines a javascript API for creating
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servers and clients based around an event loop. It is provided to document
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Node's interface and provide a specification for similar efforts.
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<h2 class="no-num no-toc" id=contents>Table of contents</h2>
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<!--begin-toc-->
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<ul class=toc>
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<li><a href="index.html#introduction"><span class=secno>1 </span>Introduction</a>
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<ul class=toc>
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<li><a href="index.html#the-event-loop"><span class=secno>1.1 </span>The event loop</a>
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<li><a href="index.html#execution-context"><span class=secno>1.2 </span>Execution context</a>
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</ul>
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<li><a href="index.html#http_server"><span class=secno>2 </span>HTTP Server</a>
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<ul class=toc>
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<li><a href="index.html#http_request"><span class=secno>2.1 </span>Request object</a>
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</ul>
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<li><a href="index.html#tcp_client"><span class=secno>3 </span>TCP Client</a>
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<li><a href="index.html#timers"><span class=secno>4 </span>Timers</a>
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</ul>
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<!--end-toc-->
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<hr>
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<h2 id=introduction><span class=secno>1 </span>Introduction</h2>
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<p>This specification defines an API for creating evented servers and
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clients in javascript. It can be considered documentation for the Node
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project and will be versioned with that software. However, in places the
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API is only a specification and does not reflect Node's
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behavior—there I will try to note the difference.
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<p>Unless otherwise noted, all functions can be considered
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non-blocking. Non-blocking means that program execution will continue
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without waiting for some I/O event (be that network or device).
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<h3 id=the-event-loop><span class=secno>1.1 </span>The event loop</h3>
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<p>The program is run event loop. There are no concurrent
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operations. As long as there are pending events the program will continue
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running. If however there arn't any pending callbacks waiting for
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something to happen, the program will exit.
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<p>Only one callback is executed at a time.
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<h3 id=execution-context><span class=secno>1.2 </span>Execution context</h3>
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<p>Global data is shared between callbacks.
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<p>
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<code>spawn()</code> to start a new context/event loop?
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<h2 id=http_server><span class=secno>2 </span>HTTP Server</h2>
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<pre class=idl>[Constructor(in String host, in String port)]
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interface <dfn id=httpserver>HTTPServer</dfn> {
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readonly attribute String <a href="index.html#host">host</a>;
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readonly attribute String <a href="index.html#port">port</a>;
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// networking
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attribute Function <a href="index.html#onrequest">onRequest</a>;
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void close(); // yet not implemented
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};</pre>
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<h3 id=http_request><span class=secno>2.1 </span>Request object</h3>
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<pre class=idl>interface <dfn id=httprequest>HTTPRequest</dfn> {
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readonly attribute String <a href="index.html#path">path</a>;
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readonly attribute String <a href="index.html#uri">uri</a>;
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readonly attribute String <a href="index.html#query_string">query_string</a>;
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readonly attribute String <a href="index.html#fragment">fragment</a>;
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readonly attribute String <a href="index.html#method">method</a>;
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readonly attribute String <a href="index.html#http_version">http_version</a>;
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readonly attribute Object <a href="index.html#headers">headers</a>;
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attribute Function <a href="index.html#onBody">onBody</a>;
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void respond(in String data);
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};</pre>
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<p> A request object is what is passed to <code>HTTPServer.onRequest</code>.
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it represents a single HTTP request. Clients might preform HTTP
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pipelining (Keep-Alive) and send multiple requests per TCP
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connection—this does not affect this interface.
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<h2 id=tcp_client><span class=secno>3 </span>TCP Client</h2>
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<pre class=idl>[Constructor(in String host, in String port)]
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interface <dfn id=tcpclient>TCPClient</dfn> {
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readonly attribute String <a href="index.html#host">host</a>;
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readonly attribute String <a href="index.html#port">port</a>;
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// ready state
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const unsigned short CONNECTING = 0;
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const unsigned short OPEN = 1;
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const unsigned short CLOSED = 2;
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readonly attribute long readyState;
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// networking
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attribute Function <a href="index.html#onopen">onopen</a>;
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attribute Function <a href="index.html#onread">onread</a>;
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attribute Function <a href="index.html#onclose">onclose</a>;
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void write(in String data);
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void disconnect();
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};</pre>
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<dl>
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<dt><code>TCPClient(host, port)</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>When a <code><a href="#connection0">TCPClient</a></code> object is
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created, the the interpreter must try to establish a connection.
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If the <code>host</code> parameter is not an IP address it
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will be looked up using the DNS.
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</dd>
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<dt><code>write(data)</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Transmits data using the connection. If the connection is not yet
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established, it must raise an <code>INVALID_STATE_ERR</code> exception.
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<p><code>write(null)</code> sends an EOF to the peer. Further writing
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is disabled. However the <code>onread</code> callback may still
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be executed.
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</dd>
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<dt><code>disconnect()</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Closes the connection, if it is open. If the connection is already
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closed, it does nothing. Closing the connection causes a
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<code>onclose</code> callback to be made and the
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<code><a href="#readystate0">readyState</a></code> attribute's value to
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change to <code>CLOSED</code>.
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Note that a connection might not be closed instantaniously. In the
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case of secure connection some "goodbye" transmission might be sent.
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</dd>
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</dl>
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</p><p>The <dfn id="readystate0"><code>readyState</code></dfn> attribute
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represents the state of the connection. When the object is created it must
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be set to <code>CONNECTING</code>.
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<p id="onopen">Once a connection is established, the <code
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>readyState</a></code>
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attribute's value must be changed to <code>OPEN</code>, and the
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<code>onopen</code> callback will be made.
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<p id="onread">When data is received, the <code>onread</code> callback
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will be made with a single parameter: a <code>String</code> containing a
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chunk of data. The user does not have the ability to control how much data
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is received nor the ability to stop the input besides disconnecting.
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<!-- conf crit for this
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statement is in the various protocol-specific sections below. -->
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<p id="onclose">When the connection is closed, the <code
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>readyState</a></code>
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attribute's value must be changed to <code>CLOSED</code>, and the <code
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>onclose</a></code> callback
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will be made.
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<h2 id=timers><span class=secno>4 </span>Timers</h2>
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<p>Timers allow one to schedule an event at a later date.
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There are four globally exposed functions
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<code>setTimeout</code>,
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<code>clearTimeout</code>,
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<code>setInterval</code>, and
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<code>clearInterval</code>.
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These functions work similarly
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<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/Window/#window-timers">as in the browser</a> except that
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the <code>timerID</code> and <code>intervalID</code> do not necessarily have
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type <code>long</code> but are rather opaque objects.
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<dl>
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<dt><code>setTimeout(function, milliseconds)</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This method calls the function once after a specified number of
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milliseconds elapses, until canceled by a call to <code>clearTimeout</code>.
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The methods returns a <code>timerID</code> which may be used in a
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subsequent call to <code>clearTimeout</code> to cancel the callback.
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</dd>
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<dt><code>setInterval(function, milliseconds)</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>This method calls the function every time a specified number of
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milliseconds elapses, until canceled by a call to <code>clearInterval</code>.
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The methods returns a <code>intervalID</code> which may be used in a
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subsequent call to <code>clearInterval</code> to cancel the interval.
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</dd>
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<dt><code>clearTimeout(timerID)</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Cancels a timeout that was set with the <code>setTimeout</code>
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method.
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</dd>
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<dt><code>clearInterval(intervalID)</code></dt>
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<dd>
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<p>Cancels an interval that was set with the <code>setInterval</code> method.
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</dd>
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</dl>
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