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doc: general improvements to querystring.md copy

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/7023
Reviewed-By: Benjamin Gruenbaum <benjamingr@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Brian White <mscdex@mscdex.net>
v7.x
James M Snell 9 years ago
parent
commit
80f1fbb00f
  1. 119
      doc/api/querystring.md

119
doc/api/querystring.md

@ -4,58 +4,94 @@
<!--name=querystring-->
This module provides utilities for dealing with query strings.
It provides the following methods:
The `querystring` module provides utilities for parsing and formatting URL
query strings. It can be accessed using:
## querystring.escape
```js
const querystring = require('querystring');
```
## querystring.escape(str)
<!-- YAML
added: v0.1.25
-->
The escape function used by `querystring.stringify`,
provided so that it could be overridden if necessary.
* `str` {String}
The `querystring.escape()` method performs URL percent-encoding on the given
`str` in a manner that is optimized for the specific requirements of URL
query strings.
## querystring.parse(str[, sep][, eq][, options])
The `querystring.escape()` method is used by `querystring.stringify()` and is
generally not expected to be used directly. It is exported primarily to allow
application code to provide a replacement percent-encoding implementation if
necessary by assigning `querystring.escape` to an alternative function.
## querystring.parse(str[, sep[, eq[, options]]])
<!-- YAML
added: v0.1.25
-->
Deserialize a query string to an object.
Optionally override the default separator (`'&'`) and assignment (`'='`)
characters.
* `str` {String} The URL query string to parse
* `sep` {String} The substring used to delimit key and value pairs in the
query string. Defaults to `'&'`.
* `eq` {String}. The substring used to delimit keys and values in the
query string. Defaults to `'='`.
* `options` {Object}
* `decodeURIComponent` {Function} The function to use when decoding
percent-encoded characters in the query string. Defaults to
`querystring.unescape()`.
* `maxKeys` {number} Specifies the maximum number of keys to parse.
Defaults to `1000`. Specify `0` to remove key counting limitations.
The `querystring.parse()` method parses a URL query string (`str`) into a
collection of key and value pairs.
Options object may contain `maxKeys` property (equal to 1000 by default), it'll
be used to limit processed keys. Set it to 0 to remove key count limitation.
For example, the query string `'foo=bar&abc=xyz&abc=123'` is parsed into:
Options object may contain `decodeURIComponent` property (`querystring.unescape` by default),
it can be used to decode a `non-utf8` encoding string if necessary.
```js
{
foo: 'bar',
abc: ['xyz', '123']
}
```
Example:
*Note*: The object returned by the `querystring.parse()` method _does not_
prototypically extend from the JavaScript `Object`. This means that the
typical `Object` methods such as `obj.toString()`, `obj.hashOwnProperty()`,
and others are not defined and *will not work*.
By default, percent-encoded characters within the query string will be assumed
to use UTF-8 encoding. If an alternative character encoding is used, then an
alternative `decodeURIComponent` option will need to be specified as illustrated
in the following example:
```js
querystring.parse('foo=bar&baz=qux&baz=quux&corge')
// returns { foo: 'bar', baz: ['qux', 'quux'], corge: '' }
// Assuming gbkDecodeURIComponent function already exists...
// Suppose gbkDecodeURIComponent function already exists,
// it can decode `gbk` encoding string
querystring.parse('w=%D6%D0%CE%C4&foo=bar', null, null,
{ decodeURIComponent: gbkDecodeURIComponent })
// returns { w: '中文', foo: 'bar' }
```
## querystring.stringify(obj[, sep][, eq][, options])
## querystring.stringify(obj[, sep[, eq[, options]]])
<!-- YAML
added: v0.1.25
-->
Serialize an object to a query string.
Optionally override the default separator (`'&'`) and assignment (`'='`)
characters.
* `obj` {Object} The object to serialize into a URL query string
* `sep` {String} The substring used to delimit key and value pairs in the
query string. Defaults to `'&'`.
* `eq` {String}. The substring used to delimit keys and values in the
query string. Defaults to `'='`.
* `options`
* `encodeURIComponent` {Function} The function to use when converting
URL-unsafe characters to percent-encoding in the query string. Defaults to
`querystring.escape()`.
Options object may contain `encodeURIComponent` property (`querystring.escape` by default),
it can be used to encode string with `non-utf8` encoding if necessary.
The `querystring.stringify()` method produces a URL query string from a
given `obj` by iterating through the object's "own properties".
Example:
For example:
```js
querystring.stringify({ foo: 'bar', baz: ['qux', 'quux'], corge: '' })
@ -63,22 +99,35 @@ querystring.stringify({ foo: 'bar', baz: ['qux', 'quux'], corge: '' })
querystring.stringify({foo: 'bar', baz: 'qux'}, ';', ':')
// returns 'foo:bar;baz:qux'
```
By default, characters requiring percent-encoding within the query string will
be encoded as UTF-8. If an alternative encoding is required, then an alternative
`encodeURIComponent` option will need to be specified as illustrated in the
following example:
```js
// Assuming gbkEncodeURIComponent function already exists,
// Suppose gbkEncodeURIComponent function already exists,
// it can encode string with `gbk` encoding
querystring.stringify({ w: '中文', foo: 'bar' }, null, null,
{ encodeURIComponent: gbkEncodeURIComponent })
// returns 'w=%D6%D0%CE%C4&foo=bar'
```
## querystring.unescape
## querystring.unescape(str)
<!-- YAML
added: v0.1.25
-->
* `str` {String}
The `querystring.unescape()` method performs decoding of URL percent-encoded
characters on the given `str`.
The unescape function used by `querystring.parse`,
provided so that it could be overridden if necessary.
The `querystring.unescape()` method is used by `querystring.parse()` and is
generally not expected to be used directly. It is exported primarily to allow
application code to provide a replacement decoding implementation if
necessary by assigning `querystring.unescape` to an alternative function.
It will try to use `decodeURIComponent` in the first place,
but if that fails it falls back to a safer equivalent that
doesn't throw on malformed URLs.
By default, the `querystring.unescape()` method will attempt to use the
JavaScript built-in `decodeURIComponent()` method to decode. If that fails,
a safer equivalent that does not throw on malformed URLs will be used.

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