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137 lines
4.5 KiB
137 lines
4.5 KiB
.TH "NPM\-SCOPE" "7" "June 2017" "" ""
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.SH "NAME"
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\fBnpm-scope\fR \- Scoped packages
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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.P
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All npm packages have a name\. Some package names also have a scope\. A scope
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follows the usual rules for package names (URL\-safe characters, no leading dots
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or underscores)\. When used in package names, scopes are preceded by an \fB@\fP symbol
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and followed by a slash, e\.g\.
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.P
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.RS 2
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.nf
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@somescope/somepackagename
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.fi
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.RE
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.P
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Scopes are a way of grouping related packages together, and also affect a few
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things about the way npm treats the package\.
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.P
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Each npm user/organization has their own scope, and only you can add packages
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in your scope\. This means you don't have to worry about someone taking your
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package name ahead of you\. Thus it is also a good way to signal official packages
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for organizations\.
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.P
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Scoped packages can be published and installed as of \fBnpm@2\fP and are supported
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by the primary npm registry\. Unscoped packages can depend on scoped packages and
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vice versa\. The npm client is backwards\-compatible with unscoped registries,
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so it can be used to work with scoped and unscoped registries at the same time\.
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.SH Installing scoped packages
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.P
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Scoped packages are installed to a sub\-folder of the regular installation
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folder, e\.g\. if your other packages are installed in \fBnode_modules/packagename\fP,
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scoped modules will be installed in \fBnode_modules/@myorg/packagename\fP\|\. The scope
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folder (\fB@myorg\fP) is simply the name of the scope preceded by an \fB@\fP symbol, and can
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contain any number of scoped packages\.
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.P
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A scoped package is installed by referencing it by name, preceded by an
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\fB@\fP symbol, in \fBnpm install\fP:
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.P
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.RS 2
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.nf
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npm install @myorg/mypackage
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.fi
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.RE
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.P
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Or in \fBpackage\.json\fP:
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.P
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.RS 2
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.nf
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"dependencies": {
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"@myorg/mypackage": "^1\.3\.0"
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}
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.fi
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.RE
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.P
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Note that if the \fB@\fP symbol is omitted, in either case, npm will instead attempt to
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install from GitHub; see npm help \fBnpm\-install\fP\|\.
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.SH Requiring scoped packages
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.P
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Because scoped packages are installed into a scope folder, you have to
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include the name of the scope when requiring them in your code, e\.g\.
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.P
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.RS 2
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.nf
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require('@myorg/mypackage')
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.fi
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.RE
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.P
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There is nothing special about the way Node treats scope folders\. This
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simply requires the \fBmypackage\fP module in the folder named \fB@myorg\fP\|\.
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.SH Publishing scoped packages
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.P
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Scoped packages can be published from the CLI as of \fBnpm@2\fP and can be
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published to any registry that supports them, including the primary npm
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registry\.
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.P
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(As of 2015\-04\-19, and with npm 2\.0 or better, the primary npm registry
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\fBdoes\fR support scoped packages\.)
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.P
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If you wish, you may associate a scope with a registry; see below\.
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.SS Publishing public scoped packages to the primary npm registry
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.P
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To publish a public scoped package, you must specify \fB\-\-access public\fP with
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the initial publication\. This will publish the package and set access
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to \fBpublic\fP as if you had run \fBnpm access public\fP after publishing\.
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.SS Publishing private scoped packages to the npm registry
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.P
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To publish a private scoped package to the npm registry, you must have
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an npm Private Modules \fIhttps://www\.npmjs\.com/private\-modules\fR
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account\.
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.P
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You can then publish the module with \fBnpm publish\fP or \fBnpm publish
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\-\-access restricted\fP, and it will be present in the npm registry, with
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restricted access\. You can then change the access permissions, if
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desired, with \fBnpm access\fP or on the npmjs\.com website\.
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.SH Associating a scope with a registry
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.P
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Scopes can be associated with a separate registry\. This allows you to
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seamlessly use a mix of packages from the primary npm registry and one or more
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private registries, such as npm Enterprise\.
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.P
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You can associate a scope with a registry at login, e\.g\.
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.P
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.RS 2
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.nf
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npm login \-\-registry=http://reg\.example\.com \-\-scope=@myco
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.fi
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.RE
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.P
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Scopes have a many\-to\-one relationship with registries: one registry can
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host multiple scopes, but a scope only ever points to one registry\.
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.P
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You can also associate a scope with a registry using \fBnpm config\fP:
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.P
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.RS 2
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.nf
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npm config set @myco:registry http://reg\.example\.com
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.fi
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.RE
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.P
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Once a scope is associated with a registry, any \fBnpm install\fP for a package
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with that scope will request packages from that registry instead\. Any
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\fBnpm publish\fP for a package name that contains the scope will be published to
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that registry instead\.
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.SH SEE ALSO
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.RS 0
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.IP \(bu 2
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npm help install
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.IP \(bu 2
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npm help publish
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.IP \(bu 2
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npm help access
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.IP \(bu 2
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npm help 7 registry
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.RE
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