node/tools/eslint/lib/code-path-analysis/code-path-analyzer.js

/**
 * @fileoverview A class of the code path analyzer.
 * @author Toru Nagashima
 * @copyright 2015 Toru Nagashima. All rights reserved.
 * See LICENSE file in root directory for full license.
 */

"use strict";

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Requirements
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

var assert = require("assert"),
    CodePath = require("./code-path"),
    CodePathSegment = require("./code-path-segment"),
    IdGenerator = require("./id-generator"),
    debug = require("./debug-helpers"),
    astUtils = require("../ast-utils");

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Helpers
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/**
 * Checks whether or not a given node is a `case` node (not `default` node).
 *
 * @param {ASTNode} node - A `SwitchCase` node to check.
 * @returns {boolean} `true` if the node is a `case` node (not `default` node).
 */
function isCaseNode(node) {
    return Boolean(node.test);
}

/**
 * Checks whether or not a given logical expression node goes different path
 * between the `true` case and the `false` case.
 *
 * @param {ASTNode} node - A node to check.
 * @returns {boolean} `true` if the node is a test of a choice statement.
 */
function isForkingByTrueOrFalse(node) {
    var parent = node.parent;
    switch (parent.type) {
        case "ConditionalExpression":
        case "IfStatement":
        case "WhileStatement":
        case "DoWhileStatement":
        case "ForStatement":
            return parent.test === node;

        case "LogicalExpression":
            return true;

        default:
            return false;
    }
}

/**
 * Gets the boolean value of a given literal node.
 *
 * This is used to detect infinity loops (e.g. `while (true) {}`).
 * Statements preceded by an infinity loop are unreachable if the loop didn't
 * have any `break` statement.
 *
 * @param {ASTNode} node - A node to get.
 * @returns {boolean|undefined} a boolean value if the node is a Literal node,
 *   otherwise `undefined`.
 */
function getBooleanValueIfSimpleConstant(node) {
    if (node.type === "Literal") {
        return Boolean(node.value);
    }
    return void 0;
}

/**
 * Checks that a given identifier node is a reference or not.
 *
 * This is used to detect the first throwable node in a `try` block.
 *
 * @param {ASTNode} node - An Identifier node to check.
 * @returns {boolean} `true` if the node is a reference.
 */
function isIdentifierReference(node) {
    var parent = node.parent;

    switch (parent.type) {
        case "LabeledStatement":
        case "BreakStatement":
        case "ContinueStatement":
        case "ArrayPattern":
        case "RestElement":
        case "ImportSpecifier":
        case "ImportDefaultSpecifier":
        case "ImportNamespaceSpecifier":
        case "CatchClause":
            return false;

        case "FunctionDeclaration":
        case "FunctionExpression":
        case "ArrowFunctionExpression":
        case "ClassDeclaration":
        case "ClassExpression":
        case "VariableDeclarator":
            return parent.id !== node;

        case "Property":
        case "MethodDefinition":
            return (
                parent.key !== node ||
                parent.computed ||
                parent.shorthand
            );

        case "AssignmentPattern":
            return parent.key !== node;

        default:
            return true;
    }
}

/**
 * Updates the current segment with the head segment.
 * This is similar to local branches and tracking branches of git.
 *
 * To separate the current and the head is in order to not make useless segments.
 *
 * In this process, both "onCodePathSegmentStart" and "onCodePathSegmentEnd" events
 * are fired.
 *
 * @param {CodePathAnalyzer} analyzer - The instance.
 * @param {ASTNode} node - The current AST node.
 * @returns {void}
 */
function forwardCurrentToHead(analyzer, node) {
    var codePath = analyzer.codePath;
    var state = CodePath.getState(codePath);
    var currentSegments = state.currentSegments;
    var headSegments = state.headSegments;
    var end = Math.max(currentSegments.length, headSegments.length);
    var i, currentSegment, headSegment;

    // Fires leaving events.
    for (i = 0; i < end; ++i) {
        currentSegment = currentSegments[i];
        headSegment = headSegments[i];

        if (currentSegment !== headSegment && currentSegment) {
            debug.dump("onCodePathSegmentEnd " + currentSegment.id);

            if (currentSegment.reachable) {
                analyzer.emitter.emit(
                    "onCodePathSegmentEnd",
                    currentSegment,
                    node);
            }
        }
    }

    // Update state.
    state.currentSegments = headSegments;

    // Fires entering events.
    for (i = 0; i < end; ++i) {
        currentSegment = currentSegments[i];
        headSegment = headSegments[i];

        if (currentSegment !== headSegment && headSegment) {
            debug.dump("onCodePathSegmentStart " + headSegment.id);

            CodePathSegment.markUsed(headSegment);
            if (headSegment.reachable) {
                analyzer.emitter.emit(
                    "onCodePathSegmentStart",
                    headSegment,
                    node);
            }
        }
    }

}

/**
 * Updates the current segment with empty.
 * This is called at the last of functions or the program.
 *
 * @param {CodePathAnalyzer} analyzer - The instance.
 * @param {ASTNode} node - The current AST node.
 * @returns {void}
 */
function leaveFromCurrentSegment(analyzer, node) {
    var state = CodePath.getState(analyzer.codePath);
    var currentSegments = state.currentSegments;

    for (var i = 0; i < currentSegments.length; ++i) {
        var currentSegment = currentSegments[i];

        debug.dump("onCodePathSegmentEnd " + currentSegment.id);
        if (currentSegment.reachable) {
            analyzer.emitter.emit(
                "onCodePathSegmentEnd",
                currentSegment,
                node);
        }
    }
    state.currentSegments = [];
}

/**
 * Updates the code path due to the position of a given node in the parent node
 * thereof.
 *
 * For example, if the node is `parent.consequent`, this creates a fork from the
 * current path.
 *
 * @param {CodePathAnalyzer} analyzer - The instance.
 * @param {ASTNode} node - The current AST node.
 * @returns {void}
 */
function preprocess(analyzer, node) {
    var codePath = analyzer.codePath;
    var state = CodePath.getState(codePath);
    var parent = node.parent;

    switch (parent.type) {
        case "LogicalExpression":
            if (parent.right === node) {
                state.makeLogicalRight();
            }
            break;

        case "ConditionalExpression":
        case "IfStatement":
            // Fork if this node is at `consequent`/`alternate`.
            // `popForkContext()` exists at `IfStatement:exit` and
            // `ConditionalExpression:exit`.
            if (parent.consequent === node) {
                state.makeIfConsequent();
            } else if (parent.alternate === node) {
                state.makeIfAlternate();
            }
            break;

        case "SwitchCase":
            if (parent.consequent[0] === node) {
                state.makeSwitchCaseBody(false, !parent.test);
            }
            break;

        case "TryStatement":
            if (parent.handler === node) {
                state.makeCatchBlock();
            } else if (parent.finalizer === node) {
                state.makeFinallyBlock();
            }
            break;

        case "WhileStatement":
            if (parent.test === node) {
                state.makeWhileTest(getBooleanValueIfSimpleConstant(node));
            } else {
                assert(parent.body === node);
                state.makeWhileBody();
            }
            break;

        case "DoWhileStatement":
            if (parent.body === node) {
                state.makeDoWhileBody();
            } else {
                assert(parent.test === node);
                state.makeDoWhileTest(getBooleanValueIfSimpleConstant(node));
            }
            break;

        case "ForStatement":
            if (parent.test === node) {
                state.makeForTest(getBooleanValueIfSimpleConstant(node));
            } else if (parent.update === node) {
                state.makeForUpdate();
            } else if (parent.body === node) {
                state.makeForBody();
            }
            break;

        case "ForInStatement":
        case "ForOfStatement":
            if (parent.left === node) {
                state.makeForInOfLeft();
            } else if (parent.right === node) {
                state.makeForInOfRight();
            } else {
                assert(parent.body === node);
                state.makeForInOfBody();
            }
            break;

        case "AssignmentPattern":
            // Fork if this node is at `right`.
            // `left` is executed always, so it uses the current path.
            // `popForkContext()` exists at `AssignmentPattern:exit`.
            if (parent.right === node) {
                state.pushForkContext();
                state.forkBypassPath();
                state.forkPath();
            }
            break;

        default:
            break;
    }
}

/**
 * Updates the code path due to the type of a given node in entering.
 *
 * @param {CodePathAnalyzer} analyzer - The instance.
 * @param {ASTNode} node - The current AST node.
 * @returns {void}
 */
function processCodePathToEnter(analyzer, node) {
    var codePath = analyzer.codePath;
    var state = codePath && CodePath.getState(codePath);
    var parent = node.parent;

    switch (node.type) {
        case "Program":
        case "FunctionDeclaration":
        case "FunctionExpression":
        case "ArrowFunctionExpression":
            if (codePath) {
                // Emits onCodePathSegmentStart events if updated.
                forwardCurrentToHead(analyzer, node);
                debug.dumpState(node, state, false);
            }

            // Create the code path of this scope.
            codePath = analyzer.codePath = new CodePath(
                analyzer.idGenerator.next(),
                codePath,
                analyzer.onLooped
            );
            state = CodePath.getState(codePath);

            // Emits onCodePathStart events.
            debug.dump("onCodePathStart " + codePath.id);
            analyzer.emitter.emit("onCodePathStart", codePath, node);
            break;

        case "LogicalExpression":
            state.pushChoiceContext(node.operator, isForkingByTrueOrFalse(node));
            break;

        case "ConditionalExpression":
        case "IfStatement":
            state.pushChoiceContext("test", false);
            break;

        case "SwitchStatement":
            state.pushSwitchContext(
                node.cases.some(isCaseNode),
                astUtils.getLabel(node));
            break;

        case "TryStatement":
            state.pushTryContext(Boolean(node.finalizer));
            break;

        case "SwitchCase":
            // Fork if this node is after the 2st node in `cases`.
            // It's similar to `else` blocks.
            // The next `test` node is processed in this path.
            if (parent.discriminant !== node && parent.cases[0] !== node) {
                state.forkPath();
            }
            break;

        case "WhileStatement":
        case "DoWhileStatement":
        case "ForStatement":
        case "ForInStatement":
        case "ForOfStatement":
            state.pushLoopContext(node.type, astUtils.getLabel(node));
            break;

        case "LabeledStatement":
            if (!astUtils.isBreakableStatement(node.body)) {
                state.pushBreakContext(false, node.label.name);
            }
            break;

        default:
            break;
    }

    // Emits onCodePathSegmentStart events if updated.
    forwardCurrentToHead(analyzer, node);
    debug.dumpState(node, state, false);
}

/**
 * Updates the code path due to the type of a given node in leaving.
 *
 * @param {CodePathAnalyzer} analyzer - The instance.
 * @param {ASTNode} node - The current AST node.
 * @returns {void}
 */
function processCodePathToExit(analyzer, node) {
    var codePath = analyzer.codePath;
    var state = CodePath.getState(codePath);
    var dontForward = false;

    switch (node.type) {
        case "IfStatement":
        case "ConditionalExpression":
        case "LogicalExpression":
            state.popChoiceContext();
            break;

        case "SwitchStatement":
            state.popSwitchContext();
            break;

        case "SwitchCase":
            // This is the same as the process at the 1st `consequent` node in
            // `preprocess` function.
            // Must do if this `consequent` is empty.
            if (node.consequent.length === 0) {
                state.makeSwitchCaseBody(true, !node.test);
            }
            if (state.forkContext.reachable) {
                dontForward = true;
            }
            break;

        case "TryStatement":
            state.popTryContext();
            break;

        case "BreakStatement":
            forwardCurrentToHead(analyzer, node);
            state.makeBreak(node.label && node.label.name);
            dontForward = true;
            break;

        case "ContinueStatement":
            forwardCurrentToHead(analyzer, node);
            state.makeContinue(node.label && node.label.name);
            dontForward = true;
            break;

        case "ReturnStatement":
            forwardCurrentToHead(analyzer, node);
            state.makeReturn();
            dontForward = true;
            break;

        case "ThrowStatement":
            forwardCurrentToHead(analyzer, node);
            state.makeThrow();
            dontForward = true;
            break;

        case "Identifier":
            if (isIdentifierReference(node)) {
                state.makeFirstThrowablePathInTryBlock();
                dontForward = true;
            }
            break;

        case "CallExpression":
        case "MemberExpression":
        case "NewExpression":
            state.makeFirstThrowablePathInTryBlock();
            break;

        case "WhileStatement":
        case "DoWhileStatement":
        case "ForStatement":
        case "ForInStatement":
        case "ForOfStatement":
            state.popLoopContext();
            break;

        case "AssignmentPattern":
            state.popForkContext();
            break;

        case "LabeledStatement":
            if (!astUtils.isBreakableStatement(node.body)) {
                state.popBreakContext();
            }
            break;

        default:
            break;
    }

    // Skip updating the current segment to avoid creating useless segments if
    // the node type is the same as the parent node type.
    if (!dontForward && (!node.parent || node.type !== node.parent.type)) {
        // Emits onCodePathSegmentStart events if updated.
        forwardCurrentToHead(analyzer, node);
    }
    debug.dumpState(node, state, true);
}

/**
 * Updates the code path to finalize the current code path.
 *
 * @param {CodePathAnalyzer} analyzer - The instance.
 * @param {ASTNode} node - The current AST node.
 * @returns {void}
 */
function postprocess(analyzer, node) {
    switch (node.type) {
        case "Program":
        case "FunctionDeclaration":
        case "FunctionExpression":
        case "ArrowFunctionExpression":
            var codePath = analyzer.codePath;

            // Mark the current path as the final node.
            CodePath.getState(codePath).makeFinal();

            // Emits onCodePathSegmentEnd event of the current segments.
            leaveFromCurrentSegment(analyzer, node);

            // Emits onCodePathEnd event of this code path.
            debug.dump("onCodePathEnd " + codePath.id);
            analyzer.emitter.emit("onCodePathEnd", codePath, node);
            debug.dumpDot(codePath);

            codePath = analyzer.codePath = analyzer.codePath.upper;
            if (codePath) {
                debug.dumpState(node, CodePath.getState(codePath), true);
            }
            break;

        default:
            break;
    }
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Public Interface
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

/**
 * The class to analyze code paths.
 * This class implements the EventGenerator interface.
 *
 * @constructor
 * @param {EventGenerator} eventGenerator - An event generator to wrap.
 */
function CodePathAnalyzer(eventGenerator) {
    this.original = eventGenerator;
    this.emitter = eventGenerator.emitter;
    this.codePath = null;
    this.idGenerator = new IdGenerator("s");
    this.currentNode = null;
    this.onLooped = this.onLooped.bind(this);
}

CodePathAnalyzer.prototype = {
    constructor: CodePathAnalyzer,

    /**
     * Does the process to enter a given AST node.
     * This updates state of analysis and calls `enterNode` of the wrapped.
     *
     * @param {ASTNode} node - A node which is entering.
     * @returns {void}
     */
    enterNode: function(node) {
        this.currentNode = node;

        // Updates the code path due to node's position in its parent node.
        if (node.parent) {
            preprocess(this, node);
        }

        // Updates the code path.
        // And emits onCodePathStart/onCodePathSegmentStart events.
        processCodePathToEnter(this, node);

        // Emits node events.
        this.original.enterNode(node);

        this.currentNode = null;
    },

    /**
     * Does the process to leave a given AST node.
     * This updates state of analysis and calls `leaveNode` of the wrapped.
     *
     * @param {ASTNode} node - A node which is leaving.
     * @returns {void}
     */
    leaveNode: function(node) {
        this.currentNode = node;

        // Updates the code path.
        // And emits onCodePathStart/onCodePathSegmentStart events.
        processCodePathToExit(this, node);

        // Emits node events.
        this.original.leaveNode(node);

        // Emits the last onCodePathStart/onCodePathSegmentStart events.
        postprocess(this, node);

        this.currentNode = null;
    },

    /**
     * This is called on a code path looped.
     * Then this raises a looped event.
     *
     * @param {CodePathSegment} fromSegment - A segment of prev.
     * @param {CodePathSegment} toSegment - A segment of next.
     * @returns {void}
     */
    onLooped: function(fromSegment, toSegment) {
        if (fromSegment.reachable && toSegment.reachable) {
            debug.dump("onCodePathSegmentLoop " + fromSegment.id + " -> " + toSegment.id);
            this.emitter.emit(
                "onCodePathSegmentLoop",
                fromSegment,
                toSegment,
                this.currentNode
            );
        }
    }
};

module.exports = CodePathAnalyzer;