Let's quickly recap what's going on and the order in which the methods are called:
1) When `<Clock />` is passed to `ReactDOM.render()`, React calls the constructor of the `Clock` component. Since `Clock` needs to display the current time, it initializes `this.state` with an object including the current time. We will later update this state.
2) React then calls the `Clock` component's `render()` method. This is how React learns what should be displayed on the screen. React then updates the DOM to match the `Clock`'s render output.
3) When the `Clock` output is inserted in the DOM, React calls the `componentDidMount()` lifecycle hook. Inside it, the `Clock` component asks the browser to set up a timer to call `tick()` once a second.
4) Every second the browser calls the `tick()` method. Inside it, the `Clock` component schedules a UI update by calling `setState()` with an object containing the current time. Thanks to the `setState()` call, React knows the state has changed, and calls `render()` method again to learn what should be on the screen. This time, `this.state.date` in the `render()` method will be different, and so the render output will include the updated time. React updates the DOM accordingly.
5) If the `Clock` component is ever removed from the DOM, React calls the `componentWillUnmount()` lifecycle hook so the timer is stopped.
## Using State Correctly
There are three things you should know about `setState()`.
@ -329,6 +341,8 @@ Instead, use `setState()`:
this.setState({comment: 'Hello'});
```
The only place where you can assign `this.state` is the constructor.
### State Updates May Be Asynchronous
React may batch multiple `setState()` calls into a single update for performance.