* Create Fragment API reference page
* Minor formatting changes
Co-authored-by: Dave McCabe <davemccabe@fb.com>
Co-authored-by: Rick Hanlon <rickhanlonii@fb.com>
This section is incomplete, please see the old docs for [React.Fragment](https://reactjs.org/docs/react-api.html#reactfragment).
The `React.Fragment` component, which can be used with a special `<></>` syntax, lets you use multiple elements in place of one, without wrapping them in any other container element:
</Wip>
```
function Component() {
return (
<>
<OneChild/>
<AnotherChild/>
</>
);
}
```
`Fragment` is useful because grouping elements with `Fragment` has no effect on layout or styles, unlike if you wrapped the elements in some other container such as a DOM element.
- [Assigning multiple elements to a variable](#assigning-multiple-elements-to-a-variable)
- [Grouping elements with text](#grouping-elements-with-text)
- [Rendering a list of Fragments](#rendering-a-list-of-fragments)
- [Reference](#reference)
- [React.Fragment](#react-fragment)
---
## Usage {/*usage*/}
### Returning multiple elements {/*returning-multiple-elements*/}
The `React.Fragment` component lets you return multiple elements without creating an additional DOM element:
Use `Fragment` to group multiple elements together. You can use it to put multiple elements in any place where a single element can go. For example, a component can only return one element, but by using `Fragment` you can group multiple elements together and then return them as a group:
```
function Component() {
function Notification() {
return (
<React.Fragment>
Some text.
<h2>A heading</h2>
<>
<NotificationTitle/>
<NotificationBody/>
</>
);
}
```
You usually use `Fragment` with a special syntax, the empty JSX tag `<></>`, that is equivalent to writing `<React.Fragment></React.Fragment>`.
### Assigning multiple elements to a variable {/*assigning-multiple-elements-to-a-variable*/}
Like any other element, you can assign `Fragment` elements to variables, pass them as props, and so on:
```
function CloseDialog() {
const buttons = (
<>
<OKButton/>
<CancelButton/>
</>
);
return (
<AlertDialogbuttons={buttons}>
Are you sure you want to leave this page?
</AlertDialog>
);
}
```
### Grouping elements with text {/*grouping-elements-with-text*/}
You can use `Fragment` to group text together with components:
```
function DateRangePicker({start, end}) {
return (
<>
From
<DatePickerdate={start}/>
to
<DatePickerdate={end}/>
</>
);
}
```
### Rendering a list of Fragments {/*rendering-a-list-of-fragments*/}
Here's a situation where you need to write `React.Fragment` explicitly instead of using the `<></>` syntax: When you [render multiple elements in a loop](/learn/rendering-lists), you need to assign a `key` to each element. If the elements within the loop are Fragments, you need to use the normal JSX element syntax in order to provide the `key` attribute:
```
function BlogPosts(posts) {
return posts.map(() =>
<React.Fragmentkey={post.id}>
<Heading>{post.title}</Heading>
<BlogPostBodypost={post}/>
</React.Fragment>
);
}
```
You can also use it with the shorthand `<></>` syntax.
## Reference {/*reference*/}
For more information, see [React v16.2.0: Improved Support for Fragments](https://reactjs.org/blog/2017/11/28/react-v16.2.0-fragment-support.html).
### `React.Fragment` {/*react-fragment*/}
</Intro>
Wrap elements in `<React.Fragment>` to group them together in situations where you need a single element. Grouping elements in `Fragment` has no effect on the resulting DOM; it is the same as if the elements were not grouped. The empty JSX tag `<></>` is shorthand for `<React.Fragment></React.Fragment>` in most cases.
#### Props {/*reference-props*/}
- **optional**`key`: Fragments declared with the explicit `<React.Fragment>` syntax may have [keys](https://beta.reactjs.org/learn/rendering-lists#keeping-list-items-in-order-with-key).