Matteo Carnelos
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README.md
dockerpi
A Virtualised Raspberry Pi inside a Docker image
Gives you access to a virtualised ARM based Raspberry Pi machine running the Raspian operating system.
This is not just a Raspian Docker image, it's a full ARM based Raspberry Pi virtual machine environment.
Usage
docker run -it lukechilds/dockerpi
By default all filesystem changes will be lost on shutdown. You can persist filesystem changes between reboots by mounting the /sdcard
volume on your host:
docker run -it -v $HOME/.dockerpi:/sdcard lukechilds/dockerpi
If you have a specific image you want to mount you can mount it at /sdcard/filesystem.img
:
docker run -it -v /2019-09-26-raspbian-buster-lite.img:/sdcard/filesystem.img lukechilds/dockerpi
If you only want to mount your own image, you can download a much slimmer VM only Docker container that doesn't contain the Raspbian filesystem image:
docker run -it -v /2019-09-26-raspbian-buster-lite.img:/sdcard/filesystem.img lukechilds/dockerpi:vm
Which machines are supported?
By default a Raspberry Pi 1 is virtualised, however experimental support has been added for Pi 2 and Pi 3 machines.
You can specify a machine by passing the name as a CLI argument:
docker run -it lukechilds/dockerpi pi1
docker run -it lukechilds/dockerpi pi2
docker run -it lukechilds/dockerpi pi3
Note: In the Pi 2 and Pi 3 machines, QEMU hangs once the machines are powered down requiring you to
docker kill
the container. See #4 for details.
Port forwarding
In some applications you may want to have access to some ports of the Raspberry Pi (e.g. for SSH connection). To do so, you can set the QEMU_HOSTFWD
enviroment variable of the container by adding one or more entries, separated by spaces, in the standard QEMU format (protocol::hostip:hostport-guestip:guestport
).
Example using the docker run
command to expose the SSH and MQTT ports from the Raspberry Pi to the Container (-e
part) and from the Container to the Host (-p
part):
docker run -it -e QEMU_HOSTFWD="tcp::5022-:22 tcp::1883-:1883" -p 5022:5022 -p 1883:1883 lukechilds/dockerpi
Example using the docker-compose.yml
file to achieve the same result:
services:
dockerpi:
image: lukechilds/dockerpi
environment:
- QEMU_HOSTFWD=tcp::5022-:22 tcp::1883-:1883
ports:
- "5022:5022"
- "1883:1883"
Wait, what?
A full ARM environment is created by using Docker to bootstrap a QEMU virtual machine. The Docker QEMU process virtualises a machine with a single core ARM11 CPU and 256MB RAM, just like the Raspberry Pi. The official Raspbian image is mounted and booted along with a modified QEMU compatible kernel.
You'll see the entire boot process logged to your TTY until you're prompted to log in with the username/password pi/raspberry.
pi@raspberrypi:~$ uname -a
Linux raspberrypi 4.19.50+ #1 Tue Nov 26 01:49:16 CET 2019 armv6l GNU/Linux
pi@raspberrypi:~$ cat /etc/os-release | head -n 1
PRETTY_NAME="Raspbian GNU/Linux 10 (buster)"
pi@raspberrypi:~$ cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0
model name : ARMv6-compatible processor rev 7 (v6l)
BogoMIPS : 798.31
Features : half thumb fastmult vfp edsp java tls
CPU implementer : 0x41
CPU architecture: 7
CPU variant : 0x0
CPU part : 0xb76
CPU revision : 7
Hardware : ARM-Versatile (Device Tree Support)
Revision : 0000
Serial : 0000000000000000
pi@raspberrypi:~$ free -h
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 246Mi 20Mi 181Mi 1.0Mi 44Mi 179Mi
Swap: 99Mi 0B 99Mi
Build
Build this image yourself by checking out this repo, cd
ing into it and running:
docker build -t lukechilds/dockerpi .
Build the VM only image with:
docker build -t lukechilds/dockerpi:vm --target dockerpi-vm .
Credit
Thanks to @dhruvvyas90 for his dhruvvyas90/qemu-rpi-kernel repo.
License
MIT © Luke Childs