Merge branch 'develop' of https://github.com/ethereum/cpp-ethereum into mix_ux

10 years ago · 55f993b97c
123 changed files with 3851 additions and 1265 deletions
--- a/alethzero/DappLoader.cpp
+++ b/alethzero/DappLoader.cpp
@ -72,20 +72,19 @@ DappLocation DappLoader::resolveAppUri(QString const& _uri)
 		string32 name = ZeroString32;
 		QByteArray utf8 = parts[partIndex].toUtf8();
 		std::copy(utf8.data(), utf8.data() + utf8.size(), name.data());
-		address = abiOut<Address>(web3()->ethereum()->call(address, abiIn("addr(string32)", name)));
+		address = abiOut<Address>(web3()->ethereum()->call(address, abiIn("addr(string32)", name)).output);
 		domainParts.append(parts[partIndex]);
 		if (!address)
 		{
 			//we have the address of the last part, try to get content hash
-			contentHash = abiOut<h256>(web3()->ethereum()->call(lastAddress, abiIn("content(string32)", name)));
+			contentHash = abiOut<h256>(web3()->ethereum()->call(lastAddress, abiIn("content(string32)", name)).output);
 			if (!contentHash)
 				throw dev::Exception() << errinfo_comment("Can't resolve address");
 		}
 		++partIndex;
 	}

-
-	string32 contentUrl = abiOut<string32>(web3()->ethereum()->call(c_urlHint, abiIn("url(hash256)", contentHash)));
+	string32 contentUrl = abiOut<string32>(web3()->ethereum()->call(c_urlHint, abiIn("url(hash256)", contentHash)).output);
 	QString domain = domainParts.join('/');
 	parts.erase(parts.begin(), parts.begin() + partIndex);
 	QString path = parts.join('/');
--- a/alethzero/MainWin.cpp
+++ b/alethzero/MainWin.cpp
@ -284,12 +284,12 @@ void Main::installWatches()

 Address Main::getNameReg() const
 {
-	return abiOut<Address>(ethereum()->call(c_newConfig, abiIn("lookup(uint256)", (u256)1)));
+	return abiOut<Address>(ethereum()->call(c_newConfig, abiIn("lookup(uint256)", (u256)1)).output);
 }

 Address Main::getCurrencies() const
 {
-	return abiOut<Address>(ethereum()->call(c_newConfig, abiIn("lookup(uint256)", (u256)3)));
+	return abiOut<Address>(ethereum()->call(c_newConfig, abiIn("lookup(uint256)", (u256)3)).output);
 }

 void Main::installNameRegWatch()
@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ QString Main::pretty(dev::Address _a) const

 	if (g_newNameReg)
 	{
-		QString s = QString::fromStdString(toString(abiOut<string32>(ethereum()->call(g_newNameReg, abiIn("nameOf(address)", _a)))));
+		QString s = QString::fromStdString(toString(abiOut<string32>(ethereum()->call(g_newNameReg, abiIn("nameOf(address)", _a)).output)));
 		if (s.size())
 			return s;
 	}
@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ Address Main::fromString(QString const& _n) const
 	auto g_newNameReg = getNameReg();
 	if (g_newNameReg)
 	{
-		Address a = abiOut<Address>(ethereum()->call(g_newNameReg, abiIn("addressOf(string32)", ::fromString(_n.toStdString()))));
+		Address a = abiOut<Address>(ethereum()->call(g_newNameReg, abiIn("addressOf(string32)", ::fromString(_n.toStdString()))).output);
 		if (a)
 			return a;
 	}
@ -818,7 +818,7 @@ void Main::on_importKeyFile_triggered()
 					m_myKeys.push_back(KeyPair::create());
 					keysChanged();
 				}
-				ethereum()->transact(k.sec(), ethereum()->balanceAt(k.address()) - gasPrice() * c_txGas, m_myKeys.back().address(), {}, c_txGas, gasPrice());
+				ethereum()->submitTransaction(k.sec(), ethereum()->balanceAt(k.address()) - gasPrice() * c_txGas, m_myKeys.back().address(), {}, c_txGas, gasPrice());
 			}
 			else
 				QMessageBox::warning(this, "Already Have Key", "Could not import the secret key: we already own this account.");
@ -1059,8 +1059,7 @@ void Main::refreshBlockCount()
 {
 	cwatch << "refreshBlockCount()";
 	auto d = ethereum()->blockChain().details();
-	auto diff = BlockInfo(ethereum()->blockChain().block()).difficulty;
-	ui->blockCount->setText(QString("%6 #%1 @%3 T%2 PV%4 D%5").arg(d.number).arg(toLog2(d.totalDifficulty)).arg(toLog2(diff)).arg(c_protocolVersion).arg(c_databaseVersion).arg(m_privateChain.size() ? "[" + m_privateChain + "] " : "testnet"));
+	ui->blockCount->setText(QString("%4 #%1 PV%2 D%3 H%5").arg(d.number).arg(c_protocolVersion).arg(c_databaseVersion).arg(m_privateChain.size() ? "[" + m_privateChain + "] " : "testnet").arg(c_ethashVersion));
 }

 void Main::on_turboMining_triggered()
@ -1429,63 +1428,64 @@ void Main::on_blocks_currentItemChanged()
 			s << "<h3>" << h << "</h3>";
 			s << "<h4>#" << info.number;
 			s << "&nbsp;&emsp;&nbsp;<b>" << timestamp << "</b></h4>";
-			s << "<br/>D/TD: <b>" << info.difficulty << "</b>/<b>" << details.totalDifficulty << "</b> = 2^" << log2((double)info.difficulty) << "/2^" << log2((double)details.totalDifficulty);
-			s << "&nbsp;&emsp;&nbsp;Children: <b>" << details.children.size() << "</b></h5>";
-			s << "<br/>Gas used/limit: <b>" << info.gasUsed << "</b>/<b>" << info.gasLimit << "</b>";
-			s << "<br/>Coinbase: <b>" << pretty(info.coinbaseAddress).toHtmlEscaped().toStdString() << "</b> " << info.coinbaseAddress;
-			s << "<br/>Seed hash: <b>" << info.seedHash() << "</b>";
-			s << "<br/>Mix hash: <b>" << info.mixHash << "</b>";
-			s << "<br/>Nonce: <b>" << info.nonce << "</b>";
-			s << "<br/>Hash w/o nonce: <b>" << info.headerHash(WithoutNonce) << "</b>";
-			s << "<br/>Difficulty: <b>" << info.difficulty << "</b>";
+			s << "<div>D/TD: <b>" << info.difficulty << "</b>/<b>" << details.totalDifficulty << "</b> = 2^" << log2((double)info.difficulty) << "/2^" << log2((double)details.totalDifficulty) << "</div>";
+			s << "&nbsp;&emsp;&nbsp;Children: <b>" << details.children.size() << "</b></div>";
+			s << "<div>Gas used/limit: <b>" << info.gasUsed << "</b>/<b>" << info.gasLimit << "</b>" << "</div>";
+			s << "<div>Beneficiary: <b>" << pretty(info.coinbaseAddress).toHtmlEscaped().toStdString() << " " << info.coinbaseAddress << "</b>" << "</div>";
+			s << "<div>Seed hash: <b>" << info.seedHash() << "</b>" << "</div>";
+			s << "<div>Mix hash: <b>" << info.mixHash << "</b>" << "</div>";
+			s << "<div>Nonce: <b>" << info.nonce << "</b>" << "</div>";
+			s << "<div>Hash w/o nonce: <b>" << info.headerHash(WithoutNonce) << "</b>" << "</div>";
+			s << "<div>Difficulty: <b>" << info.difficulty << "</b>" << "</div>";
 			if (info.number)
 			{
 				auto e = Ethasher::eval(info);
-				s << "<br/>Proof-of-Work: <b>" << e.value << " &lt;= " << (h256)u256((bigint(1) << 256) / info.difficulty) << "</b> (mixhash: " << e.mixHash.abridged() << ")";
-				s << "<br/>Parent: <b>" << info.parentHash << "</b>";
+				s << "<div>Proof-of-Work: <b>" << e.value << " &lt;= " << (h256)u256((bigint(1) << 256) / info.difficulty) << "</b> (mixhash: " << e.mixHash.abridged() << ")" << "</div>";
+				s << "<div>Parent: <b>" << info.parentHash << "</b>" << "</div>";
 			}
 			else
 			{
-				s << "<br/>Proof-of-Work: <i>Phil has nothing to prove</i>";
-				s << "<br/>Parent: <i>It was a virgin birth</i>";
+				s << "<div>Proof-of-Work: <b><i>Phil has nothing to prove</i></b></div>";
+				s << "<div>Parent: <b><i>It was a virgin birth</i></b></div>";
 			}
-//			s << "<br/>Bloom: <b>" << details.bloom << "</b>";
+//			s << "<div>Bloom: <b>" << details.bloom << "</b>";
 			if (!!info.logBloom)
 				s << "<div>Log Bloom: " << info.logBloom << "</div>";
 			else
 				s << "<div>Log Bloom: <i>Uneventful</i></div>";
-			s << "<br/>Transactions: <b>" << block[1].itemCount() << "</b> @<b>" << info.transactionsRoot << "</b>";
-			s << "<br/>Receipts: @<b>" << info.receiptsRoot << "</b>:";
-			s << "<br/>Uncles: <b>" << block[2].itemCount() << "</b> @<b>" << info.sha3Uncles << "</b>";
+			s << "<div>Transactions: <b>" << block[1].itemCount() << "</b> @<b>" << info.transactionsRoot << "</b>" << "</div>";
+			s << "<div>Uncles: <b>" << block[2].itemCount() << "</b> @<b>" << info.sha3Uncles << "</b>" << "</div>";
 			for (auto u: block[2])
 			{
 				BlockInfo uncle = BlockInfo::fromHeader(u.data());
-				char const* line = "<br/><span style=\"margin-left: 2em\">&nbsp;</span>";
-				s << line << "Hash: <b>" << uncle.hash << "</b>";
-				s << line << "Parent: <b>" << uncle.parentHash << "</b>";
-				s << line << "Number: <b>" << uncle.number << "</b>";
-				s << line << "Coinbase: <b>" << pretty(uncle.coinbaseAddress).toHtmlEscaped().toStdString() << "</b> " << uncle.coinbaseAddress;
-				s << line << "Seed hash: <b>" << uncle.seedHash() << "</b>";
-				s << line << "Mix hash: <b>" << uncle.mixHash << "</b>";
-				s << line << "Nonce: <b>" << uncle.nonce << "</b>";
-				s << line << "Hash w/o nonce: <b>" << uncle.headerHash(WithoutNonce) << "</b>";
-				s << line << "Difficulty: <b>" << uncle.difficulty << "</b>";
+				char const* line = "<div><span style=\"margin-left: 2em\">&nbsp;</span>";
+				s << line << "Hash: <b>" << uncle.hash << "</b>" << "</div>";
+				s << line << "Parent: <b>" << uncle.parentHash << "</b>" << "</div>";
+				s << line << "Number: <b>" << uncle.number << "</b>" << "</div>";
+				s << line << "Coinbase: <b>" << pretty(uncle.coinbaseAddress).toHtmlEscaped().toStdString() << " " << uncle.coinbaseAddress << "</b>" << "</div>";
+				s << line << "Seed hash: <b>" << uncle.seedHash() << "</b>" << "</div>";
+				s << line << "Mix hash: <b>" << uncle.mixHash << "</b>" << "</div>";
+				s << line << "Nonce: <b>" << uncle.nonce << "</b>" << "</div>";
+				s << line << "Hash w/o nonce: <b>" << uncle.headerHash(WithoutNonce) << "</b>" << "</div>";
+				s << line << "Difficulty: <b>" << uncle.difficulty << "</b>" << "</div>";
 				auto e = Ethasher::eval(uncle);
-				s << line << "Proof-of-Work: <b>" << e.value << " &lt;= " << (h256)u256((bigint(1) << 256) / uncle.difficulty) << "</b> (mixhash: " << e.mixHash.abridged() << ")";
+				s << line << "Proof-of-Work: <b>" << e.value << " &lt;= " << (h256)u256((bigint(1) << 256) / uncle.difficulty) << "</b> (mixhash: " << e.mixHash.abridged() << ")" << "</div>";
 			}
 			if (info.parentHash)
-				s << "<br/>Pre: <b>" << BlockInfo(ethereum()->blockChain().block(info.parentHash)).stateRoot << "</b>";
+				s << "<div>Pre: <b>" << BlockInfo(ethereum()->blockChain().block(info.parentHash)).stateRoot << "</b>" << "</div>";
 			else
-				s << "<br/>Pre: <i>Nothing is before Phil</i>";
+				s << "<div>Pre: <b><i>Nothing is before Phil</i></b>" << "</div>";
+
+			s << "<div>Receipts: @<b>" << info.receiptsRoot << "</b>:" << "</div>";
 			BlockReceipts receipts = ethereum()->blockChain().receipts(h);
 			unsigned ii = 0;
 			for (auto const& i: block[1])
 			{
-				s << "<br/>" << sha3(i.data()).abridged() << ": <b>" << receipts.receipts[ii].stateRoot() << "</b> [<b>" << receipts.receipts[ii].gasUsed() << "</b> used]";
+				s << "<div>" << sha3(i.data()).abridged() << ": <b>" << receipts.receipts[ii].stateRoot() << "</b> [<b>" << receipts.receipts[ii].gasUsed() << "</b> used]" << "</div>";
 				++ii;
 			}
-			s << "<br/>Post: <b>" << info.stateRoot << "</b>";
-			s << "<br/>Dump: " Span(Mono) << toHex(block[0].data()) << "</span>";
+			s << "<div>Post: <b>" << info.stateRoot << "</b>" << "</div>";
+			s << "<div>Dump: " Span(Mono) << toHex(block[0].data()) << "</span>" << "</div>";
 			s << "<div>Receipts-Hex: " Span(Mono) << toHex(receipts.rlp()) << "</span></div>";
 		}
 		else
@ -1497,19 +1497,19 @@ void Main::on_blocks_currentItemChanged()
 			TransactionReceipt receipt = ethereum()->blockChain().receipts(h).receipts[txi];
 			s << "<h3>" << th << "</h3>";
 			s << "<h4>" << h << "[<b>" << txi << "</b>]</h4>";
-			s << "<br/>From: <b>" << pretty(ss).toHtmlEscaped().toStdString() << "</b> " << ss;
+			s << "<div>From: <b>" << pretty(ss).toHtmlEscaped().toStdString() << " " << ss << "</b>" << "</div>";
 			if (tx.isCreation())
-				s << "<br/>Creates: <b>" << pretty(right160(th)).toHtmlEscaped().toStdString() << "</b> " << right160(th);
+				s << "<div>Creates: <b>" << pretty(right160(th)).toHtmlEscaped().toStdString() << "</b> " << right160(th) << "</div>";
 			else
-				s << "<br/>To: <b>" << pretty(tx.receiveAddress()).toHtmlEscaped().toStdString() << "</b> " << tx.receiveAddress();
-			s << "<br/>Value: <b>" << formatBalance(tx.value()) << "</b>";
-			s << "&nbsp;&emsp;&nbsp;#<b>" << tx.nonce() << "</b>";
-			s << "<br/>Gas price: <b>" << formatBalance(tx.gasPrice()) << "</b>";
-			s << "<br/>Gas: <b>" << tx.gas() << "</b>";
-			s << "<br/>V: <b>" << hex << nouppercase << (int)tx.signature().v << " + 27</b>";
-			s << "<br/>R: <b>" << hex << nouppercase << tx.signature().r << "</b>";
-			s << "<br/>S: <b>" << hex << nouppercase << tx.signature().s << "</b>";
-			s << "<br/>Msg: <b>" << tx.sha3(eth::WithoutSignature) << "</b>";
+				s << "<div>To: <b>" << pretty(tx.receiveAddress()).toHtmlEscaped().toStdString() << "</b> " << tx.receiveAddress() << "</div>";
+			s << "<div>Value: <b>" << formatBalance(tx.value()) << "</b>" << "</div>";
+			s << "&nbsp;&emsp;&nbsp;#<b>" << tx.nonce() << "</b>" << "</div>";
+			s << "<div>Gas price: <b>" << formatBalance(tx.gasPrice()) << "</b>" << "</div>";
+			s << "<div>Gas: <b>" << tx.gas() << "</b>" << "</div>";
+			s << "<div>V: <b>" << hex << nouppercase << (int)tx.signature().v << " + 27</b>" << "</div>";
+			s << "<div>R: <b>" << hex << nouppercase << tx.signature().r << "</b>" << "</div>";
+			s << "<div>S: <b>" << hex << nouppercase << tx.signature().s << "</b>" << "</div>";
+			s << "<div>Msg: <b>" << tx.sha3(eth::WithoutSignature) << "</b>" << "</div>";
 			if (!tx.data().empty())
 			{
 				if (tx.isCreation())
@ -1522,7 +1522,7 @@ void Main::on_blocks_currentItemChanged()
 			if (!!receipt.bloom())
 				s << "<div>Log Bloom: " << receipt.bloom() << "</div>";
 			else
-				s << "<div>Log Bloom: <i>Uneventful</i></div>";
+				s << "<div>Log Bloom: <b><i>Uneventful</i></b></div>";
 			auto r = receipt.rlp();
 			s << "<div>Receipt: " << toString(RLP(r)) << "</div>";
 			s << "<div>Receipt-Hex: " Span(Mono) << toHex(receipt.rlp()) << "</span></div>";
--- a/alethzero/Transact.cpp
+++ b/alethzero/Transact.cpp
@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ void Transact::on_send_clicked()
 			{
 				// If execution is a contract creation, add Natspec to
 				// a local Natspec LEVELDB
-				ethereum()->transact(s, value(), m_data, ui->gas->value(), gasPrice());
+				ethereum()->submitTransaction(s, value(), m_data, ui->gas->value(), gasPrice());
 				string src = ui->data->toPlainText().toStdString();
 				if (sourceIsSolidity(src))
 					try
@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ void Transact::on_send_clicked()
 				return;
 			}
 			else
-				ethereum()->transact(s, value(), m_context->fromString(ui->destination->currentText()), m_data, ui->gas->value(), gasPrice());
+				ethereum()->submitTransaction(s, value(), m_context->fromString(ui->destination->currentText()), m_data, ui->gas->value(), gasPrice());
 			return;
 		}
 	QMessageBox::critical(this, "Transaction Failed", "Couldn't make transaction: no single account contains at least the required amount.");
--- a/eth/main.cpp
+++ b/eth/main.cpp
@ -659,7 +659,7 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv)
 						{
 							Secret secret = h256(fromHex(sechex));
 							Address dest = h160(fromHex(hexAddr));
-							c->transact(secret, amount, dest, data, gas, gasPrice);
+							c->submitTransaction(secret, amount, dest, data, gas, gasPrice);
 						}
 						catch (BadHexCharacter& _e)
 						{
@ -673,7 +673,7 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv)
 					}
 				}
 				else
-					cwarn << "Require parameters: transact ADDRESS AMOUNT GASPRICE GAS SECRET DATA";
+					cwarn << "Require parameters: submitTransaction ADDRESS AMOUNT GASPRICE GAS SECRET DATA";
 			}
 			else if (c && cmd == "listcontracts")
 			{
@ -721,7 +721,7 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv)
 						try
 						{
 							Address dest = h160(fromHex(hexAddr, ThrowType::Throw));
-							c->transact(us.secret(), amount, dest, bytes(), minGas);
+							c->submitTransaction(us.secret(), amount, dest, bytes(), minGas);
 						}
 						catch (BadHexCharacter& _e)
 						{
@ -790,7 +790,7 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv)
 					else if (gas < minGas)
 						cwarn << "Minimum gas amount is" << minGas;
 					else
-						c->transact(us.secret(), endowment, init, gas, gasPrice);
+						c->submitTransaction(us.secret(), endowment, init, gas, gasPrice);
 				}
 				else
 					cwarn << "Require parameters: contract ENDOWMENT GASPRICE GAS CODEHEX";
--- a/evmjit/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/evmjit/CMakeLists.txt
@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ set(CMAKE_AUTOMOC OFF)

 if(${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID} STREQUAL "MSVC")
 else()
-	set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-std=c++11 -Wall -Wextra -Wconversion -Wno-unknown-pragmas")
+	set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-std=c++11 -Wall -Wextra -Wconversion -Wno-sign-conversion -Wno-unknown-pragmas")
 endif()

 if(${CMAKE_SYSTEM_NAME} STREQUAL "Linux")
@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ if(LLVM_DIR OR APPLE)	# local LLVM build
 	message(STATUS "Using LLVMConfig.cmake in: ${LLVM_DIR}")
 	add_definitions(${LLVM_DEFINITIONS})
 	# TODO: bitwriter is needed only for evmcc
-	llvm_map_components_to_libnames(LLVM_LIBS core support mcjit x86asmparser x86codegen bitwriter)
+	llvm_map_components_to_libnames(LLVM_LIBS core support mcjit x86asmparser x86codegen bitwriter ipo)
 else()
 	# Workaround for Ubuntu broken LLVM package
 	message(STATUS "Using llvm-3.5-dev package from Ubuntu. If does not work, build LLVM and set -DLLVM_DIR=llvm-build/share/llvm/cmake")
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit-cpp/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit-cpp/CMakeLists.txt
@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ find_package(Boost REQUIRED)
 set(SOURCES
    Env.cpp
    JitVM.cpp   JitVM.h
+    Utils.h
 )
 source_group("" FILES ${SOURCES})

--- a/evmjit/libevmjit-cpp/Env.cpp
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit-cpp/Env.cpp
@ -62,23 +62,40 @@ extern "C"
 			*o_address = {};
 	}

-	EXPORT bool env_call(ExtVMFace* _env, int64_t* io_gas, h256* _receiveAddress, i256* _value, byte* _inBeg, uint64_t _inSize, byte* _outBeg, uint64_t _outSize, h256* _codeAddress)
+	EXPORT bool env_call(ExtVMFace* _env, int64_t* io_gas, int64_t _callGas, h256* _receiveAddress, i256* _value, byte* _inBeg, uint64_t _inSize, byte* _outBeg, uint64_t _outSize, h256* _codeAddress)
 	{
 		auto value = llvm2eth(*_value);
-		if (_env->balance(_env->myAddress) >= value && _env->depth < 1024)
-		{
-			_env->subBalance(value);
 		auto receiveAddress = right160(*_receiveAddress);
-			auto inRef = bytesConstRef{_inBeg, _inSize};
-			auto outRef = bytesRef{_outBeg, _outSize};
 		auto codeAddress = right160(*_codeAddress);
-			u256 gas = *io_gas;
-			auto ret = _env->call(receiveAddress, value, inRef, gas, outRef, {}, {}, codeAddress);
-			*io_gas = static_cast<int64_t>(gas);
-			return ret;
+		const auto isCall = receiveAddress == codeAddress; // OPT: The same address pointer can be used if not CODECALL
+
+		*io_gas -= _callGas;
+		if (*io_gas < 0)
+			return false;
+
+		if (isCall && !_env->exists(receiveAddress))
+			*io_gas -= static_cast<int64_t>(c_callNewAccountGas); // no underflow, *io_gas non-negative before
+
+		if (value > 0) // value transfer
+		{
+			/*static*/ assert(c_callValueTransferGas > c_callStipend && "Overflow possible");
+			*io_gas -= static_cast<int64_t>(c_callValueTransferGas); // no underflow
+			_callGas += static_cast<int64_t>(c_callStipend); // overflow possibility, but in the same time *io_gas < 0
 		}

+		if (*io_gas < 0)
 			return false;
+
+		auto ret = false;
+		auto callGas = u256{_callGas};
+		if (_env->balance(_env->myAddress) >= value && _env->depth < 1024)
+		{
+			_env->subBalance(value);
+			ret = _env->call(receiveAddress, value, {_inBeg, _inSize}, callGas, {_outBeg, _outSize}, {}, {}, codeAddress);
+		}
+
+		*io_gas += static_cast<int64_t>(callGas); // it is never more than initial _callGas
+		return ret;
 	}

 	EXPORT void env_sha3(byte* _begin, uint64_t _size, h256* o_hash)
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit-cpp/JitVM.cpp
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit-cpp/JitVM.cpp
@ -69,8 +69,8 @@ bytesConstRef JitVM::go(ExtVMFace& _ext, OnOpFunc const& _onOp, uint64_t _step)
 		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(BadJumpDestination());
 	case ReturnCode::OutOfGas:
 		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(OutOfGas());
-	case ReturnCode::StackTooSmall:
-		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(StackTooSmall());
+	case ReturnCode::StackUnderflow:
+		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(StackUnderflow());
 	case ReturnCode::BadInstruction:
 		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(BadInstruction());
 	case ReturnCode::LinkerWorkaround:	// never happens
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/Arith256.cpp
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/Arith256.cpp
@ -9,6 +9,7 @@

 #include "Type.h"
 #include "Endianness.h"
+#include "Utils.h"

 namespace dev
 {
@ -38,6 +39,8 @@ llvm::Function* Arith256::getMulFunc()
 	{
 		llvm::Type* argTypes[] = {Type::Word, Type::Word};
 		func = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::Word, argTypes, false), llvm::Function::PrivateLinkage, "mul", getModule());
+		func->setDoesNotThrow();
+		func->setDoesNotAccessMemory();

 		auto x = &func->getArgumentList().front();
 		x->setName("x");
@ -50,12 +53,16 @@ llvm::Function* Arith256::getMulFunc()
 		auto i64 = Type::Size;
 		auto i128 = m_builder.getIntNTy(128);
 		auto i256 = Type::Word;
+		auto c64 = Constant::get(64);
+		auto c128 = Constant::get(128);
+		auto c192 = Constant::get(192);
+
 		auto x_lo = m_builder.CreateTrunc(x, i64, "x.lo");
 		auto y_lo = m_builder.CreateTrunc(y, i64, "y.lo");
-		auto x_mi = m_builder.CreateTrunc(m_builder.CreateLShr(x, Constant::get(64)), i64);
-		auto y_mi = m_builder.CreateTrunc(m_builder.CreateLShr(y, Constant::get(64)), i64);
-		auto x_hi = m_builder.CreateTrunc(m_builder.CreateLShr(x, Constant::get(128)), i128);
-		auto y_hi = m_builder.CreateTrunc(m_builder.CreateLShr(y, Constant::get(128)), i128);
+		auto x_mi = m_builder.CreateTrunc(m_builder.CreateLShr(x, c64), i64);
+		auto y_mi = m_builder.CreateTrunc(m_builder.CreateLShr(y, c64), i64);
+		auto x_hi = m_builder.CreateTrunc(m_builder.CreateLShr(x, c128), i128);
+		auto y_hi = m_builder.CreateTrunc(m_builder.CreateLShr(y, c128), i128);

 		auto t1 = m_builder.CreateMul(m_builder.CreateZExt(x_lo, i128), m_builder.CreateZExt(y_lo, i128));
 		auto t2 = m_builder.CreateMul(m_builder.CreateZExt(x_lo, i128), m_builder.CreateZExt(y_mi, i128));
@ -67,13 +74,13 @@ llvm::Function* Arith256::getMulFunc()
 		auto t8 = m_builder.CreateMul(x_hi, m_builder.CreateZExt(y_mi, i128));

 		auto p = m_builder.CreateZExt(t1, i256);
-		p = m_builder.CreateAdd(p, m_builder.CreateShl(m_builder.CreateZExt(t2, i256), Constant::get(64)));
-		p = m_builder.CreateAdd(p, m_builder.CreateShl(m_builder.CreateZExt(t3, i256), Constant::get(128)));
-		p = m_builder.CreateAdd(p, m_builder.CreateShl(m_builder.CreateZExt(t4, i256), Constant::get(64)));
-		p = m_builder.CreateAdd(p, m_builder.CreateShl(m_builder.CreateZExt(t5, i256), Constant::get(128)));
-		p = m_builder.CreateAdd(p, m_builder.CreateShl(m_builder.CreateZExt(t6, i256), Constant::get(192)));
-		p = m_builder.CreateAdd(p, m_builder.CreateShl(m_builder.CreateZExt(t7, i256), Constant::get(128)));
-		p = m_builder.CreateAdd(p, m_builder.CreateShl(m_builder.CreateZExt(t8, i256), Constant::get(192)));
+		p = m_builder.CreateAdd(p, m_builder.CreateShl(m_builder.CreateZExt(t2, i256), c64));
+		p = m_builder.CreateAdd(p, m_builder.CreateShl(m_builder.CreateZExt(t3, i256), c128));
+		p = m_builder.CreateAdd(p, m_builder.CreateShl(m_builder.CreateZExt(t4, i256), c64));
+		p = m_builder.CreateAdd(p, m_builder.CreateShl(m_builder.CreateZExt(t5, i256), c128));
+		p = m_builder.CreateAdd(p, m_builder.CreateShl(m_builder.CreateZExt(t6, i256), c192));
+		p = m_builder.CreateAdd(p, m_builder.CreateShl(m_builder.CreateZExt(t7, i256), c128));
+		p = m_builder.CreateAdd(p, m_builder.CreateShl(m_builder.CreateZExt(t8, i256), c192));
 		m_builder.CreateRet(p);
 	}
 	return func;
@ -87,6 +94,8 @@ llvm::Function* Arith256::getMul512Func()
 		auto i512 = m_builder.getIntNTy(512);
 		llvm::Type* argTypes[] = {Type::Word, Type::Word};
 		func = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(i512, argTypes, false), llvm::Function::PrivateLinkage, "mul512", getModule());
+		func->setDoesNotThrow();
+		func->setDoesNotAccessMemory();

 		auto x = &func->getArgumentList().front();
 		x->setName("x");
@ -130,6 +139,8 @@ llvm::Function* Arith256::getDivFunc(llvm::Type* _type)
 		auto retType = llvm::StructType::get(m_builder.getContext(), llvm::ArrayRef<llvm::Type*>{argTypes});
 		auto funcName = _type == Type::Word ? "div" : "div512";
 		func = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(retType, argTypes, false), llvm::Function::PrivateLinkage, funcName, getModule());
+		func->setDoesNotThrow();
+		func->setDoesNotAccessMemory();

 		auto zero = llvm::ConstantInt::get(_type, 0);
 		auto one = llvm::ConstantInt::get(_type, 1);
@ -221,6 +232,8 @@ llvm::Function* Arith256::getExpFunc()
 	{
 		llvm::Type* argTypes[] = {Type::Word, Type::Word};
 		m_exp = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::Word, argTypes, false), llvm::Function::PrivateLinkage, "exp", getModule());
+		m_exp->setDoesNotThrow();
+		m_exp->setDoesNotAccessMemory();

 		auto base = &m_exp->getArgumentList().front();
 		base->setName("base");
@ -289,6 +302,8 @@ llvm::Function* Arith256::getAddModFunc()
 		auto i512Ty = m_builder.getIntNTy(512);
 		llvm::Type* argTypes[] = {Type::Word, Type::Word, Type::Word};
 		m_addmod = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::Word, argTypes, false), llvm::Function::PrivateLinkage, "addmod", getModule());
+		m_addmod->setDoesNotThrow();
+		m_addmod->setDoesNotAccessMemory();

 		auto x = &m_addmod->getArgumentList().front();
 		x->setName("x");
@ -318,6 +333,8 @@ llvm::Function* Arith256::getMulModFunc()
 	{
 		llvm::Type* argTypes[] = {Type::Word, Type::Word, Type::Word};
 		m_mulmod = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::Word, argTypes, false), llvm::Function::PrivateLinkage, "mulmod", getModule());
+		m_mulmod->setDoesNotThrow();
+		m_mulmod->setDoesNotAccessMemory();

 		auto i512Ty = m_builder.getIntNTy(512);
 		auto x = &m_mulmod->getArgumentList().front();
@ -343,18 +360,49 @@ llvm::Function* Arith256::getMulModFunc()

 llvm::Value* Arith256::mul(llvm::Value* _arg1, llvm::Value* _arg2)
 {
+	if (auto c1 = llvm::dyn_cast<llvm::ConstantInt>(_arg1))
+	{
+		if (auto c2 = llvm::dyn_cast<llvm::ConstantInt>(_arg2))
+			return Constant::get(c1->getValue() * c2->getValue());
+	}
+
 	return createCall(getMulFunc(), {_arg1, _arg2});
 }

 std::pair<llvm::Value*, llvm::Value*> Arith256::div(llvm::Value* _arg1, llvm::Value* _arg2)
 {
-	auto div =  m_builder.CreateExtractValue(createCall(getDivFunc(Type::Word), {_arg1, _arg2}), 0, "div");
-	auto mod =  m_builder.CreateExtractValue(createCall(getDivFunc(Type::Word), {_arg1, _arg2}), 1, "mod");
+	if (auto c1 = llvm::dyn_cast<llvm::ConstantInt>(_arg1))
+	{
+		if (auto c2 = llvm::dyn_cast<llvm::ConstantInt>(_arg2))
+		{
+			if (!c2->getValue())
+				return std::make_pair(Constant::get(0), Constant::get(0));
+			auto div = Constant::get(c1->getValue().udiv(c2->getValue()));
+			auto mod = Constant::get(c1->getValue().urem(c2->getValue()));
+			return std::make_pair(div, mod);
+		}
+	}
+
+	auto r = createCall(getDivFunc(Type::Word), {_arg1, _arg2});
+	auto div =  m_builder.CreateExtractValue(r, 0, "div");
+	auto mod =  m_builder.CreateExtractValue(r, 1, "mod");
 	return std::make_pair(div, mod);
 }

 std::pair<llvm::Value*, llvm::Value*> Arith256::sdiv(llvm::Value* _x, llvm::Value* _y)
 {
+	if (auto c1 = llvm::dyn_cast<llvm::ConstantInt>(_x))
+	{
+		if (auto c2 = llvm::dyn_cast<llvm::ConstantInt>(_y))
+		{
+			if (!c2->getValue())
+				return std::make_pair(Constant::get(0), Constant::get(0));
+			auto div = Constant::get(c1->getValue().sdiv(c2->getValue()));
+			auto mod = Constant::get(c1->getValue().srem(c2->getValue()));
+			return std::make_pair(div, mod);
+		}
+	}
+
 	auto xIsNeg = m_builder.CreateICmpSLT(_x, Constant::get(0));
 	auto xNeg = m_builder.CreateSub(Constant::get(0), _x);
 	auto xAbs = m_builder.CreateSelect(xIsNeg, xNeg, _x);
@ -378,16 +426,73 @@ std::pair<llvm::Value*, llvm::Value*> Arith256::sdiv(llvm::Value* _x, llvm::Valu

 llvm::Value* Arith256::exp(llvm::Value* _arg1, llvm::Value* _arg2)
 {
+	//	while (e != 0) {
+	//		if (e % 2 == 1)
+	//			r *= b;
+	//		b *= b;
+	//		e /= 2;
+	//	}
+
+	if (auto c1 = llvm::dyn_cast<llvm::ConstantInt>(_arg1))
+	{
+		if (auto c2 = llvm::dyn_cast<llvm::ConstantInt>(_arg2))
+		{
+			auto b = c1->getValue();
+			auto e = c2->getValue();
+			auto r = llvm::APInt{256, 1};
+			while (e != 0)
+			{
+				if (e[0])
+					r *= b;
+				b *= b;
+				e = e.lshr(1);
+			}
+			return Constant::get(r);
+		}
+	}
+
 	return createCall(getExpFunc(), {_arg1, _arg2});
 }

 llvm::Value* Arith256::addmod(llvm::Value* _arg1, llvm::Value* _arg2, llvm::Value* _arg3)
 {
+	// FIXME: Disabled because of llvm::APInt::urem bug
+//	if (auto c1 = llvm::dyn_cast<llvm::ConstantInt>(_arg1))
+//	{
+//		if (auto c2 = llvm::dyn_cast<llvm::ConstantInt>(_arg2))
+//		{
+//			if (auto c3 = llvm::dyn_cast<llvm::ConstantInt>(_arg3))
+//			{
+//				if (!c3->getValue())
+//					return Constant::get(0);
+//				auto s = c1->getValue().zext(256+64) + c2->getValue().zext(256+64);
+//				auto r = s.urem(c3->getValue().zext(256+64)).trunc(256);
+//				return Constant::get(r);
+//			}
+//		}
+//	}
+
 	return createCall(getAddModFunc(), {_arg1, _arg2, _arg3});
 }

 llvm::Value* Arith256::mulmod(llvm::Value* _arg1, llvm::Value* _arg2, llvm::Value* _arg3)
 {
+	// FIXME: Disabled because of llvm::APInt::urem bug
+//	if (auto c1 = llvm::dyn_cast<llvm::ConstantInt>(_arg1))
+//	{
+//		if (auto c2 = llvm::dyn_cast<llvm::ConstantInt>(_arg2))
+//		{
+//			if (auto c3 = llvm::dyn_cast<llvm::ConstantInt>(_arg3))
+//			{
+//				if (!c3->getValue())
+//					return Constant::get(0);
+//				auto p = c1->getValue().zext(512) * c2->getValue().zext(512);
+//				auto r = p.urem(c3->getValue().zext(512)).trunc(256);
+//				return Constant::get(r);
+//			}
+//		}
+//	}
+
 	return createCall(getMulModFunc(), {_arg1, _arg2, _arg3});
 }

@ -400,7 +505,7 @@ extern "C"
 {
 	EXPORT void debug(uint64_t a, uint64_t b, uint64_t c, uint64_t d, char z)
 	{
-		std::cerr << "DEBUG " << std::dec << z << ": " //<< d << c << b << a
+		DLOG(JIT) << "DEBUG " << std::dec << z << ": " //<< d << c << b << a
 				<< " ["	<< std::hex << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(16) << d << std::setw(16) << c << std::setw(16) << b << std::setw(16) << a << "]\n";
 	}
 }
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/Array.cpp
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/Array.cpp
@ -0,0 +1,320 @@
+#include "Array.h"
+
+#include "preprocessor/llvm_includes_start.h"
+#include <llvm/IR/Module.h>
+#include <llvm/IR/Function.h>
+#include "preprocessor/llvm_includes_end.h"
+
+#include "RuntimeManager.h"
+#include "Runtime.h"
+#include "Utils.h"
+
+#include <set> // DEBUG only
+
+namespace dev
+{
+namespace eth
+{
+namespace jit
+{
+
+static const auto c_reallocStep = 1;
+static const auto c_reallocMultipier = 2;
+
+llvm::Value* LazyFunction::call(llvm::IRBuilder<>& _builder, std::initializer_list<llvm::Value*> const& _args, llvm::Twine const& _name)
+{
+	if (!m_func)
+		m_func = m_creator();
+
+	return _builder.CreateCall(m_func, {_args.begin(), _args.size()}, _name);
+}
+
+llvm::Function* Array::createArrayPushFunc()
+{
+	llvm::Type* argTypes[] = {m_array->getType(), Type::Word};
+	auto func = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::Void, argTypes, false), llvm::Function::PrivateLinkage, "array.push", getModule());
+	func->setDoesNotThrow();
+	func->setDoesNotCapture(1);
+
+	auto arrayPtr = &func->getArgumentList().front();
+	arrayPtr->setName("arrayPtr");
+	auto value = arrayPtr->getNextNode();
+	value->setName("value");
+
+	InsertPointGuard guard{m_builder};
+	auto entryBB = llvm::BasicBlock::Create(m_builder.getContext(), "Entry", func);
+	auto reallocBB = llvm::BasicBlock::Create(m_builder.getContext(), "Realloc", func);
+	auto pushBB = llvm::BasicBlock::Create(m_builder.getContext(), "Push", func);
+
+	m_builder.SetInsertPoint(entryBB);
+	auto dataPtr = m_builder.CreateStructGEP(arrayPtr, 0, "dataPtr");
+	auto sizePtr = m_builder.CreateStructGEP(arrayPtr, 1, "sizePtr");
+	auto capPtr = m_builder.CreateStructGEP(arrayPtr, 2, "capPtr");
+	auto data = m_builder.CreateLoad(dataPtr, "data");
+	auto size = m_builder.CreateLoad(sizePtr, "size");
+	auto cap = m_builder.CreateLoad(capPtr, "cap");
+	auto reallocReq = m_builder.CreateICmpEQ(cap, size, "reallocReq");
+	m_builder.CreateCondBr(reallocReq, reallocBB, pushBB);
+
+	m_builder.SetInsertPoint(reallocBB);
+	auto newCap = m_builder.CreateNUWAdd(cap, m_builder.getInt64(c_reallocStep), "newCap");
+	//newCap = m_builder.CreateNUWMul(newCap, m_builder.getInt64(c_reallocMultipier));
+	auto reallocSize = m_builder.CreateShl(newCap, 5, "reallocSize"); // size in bytes: newCap * 32
+	auto bytes = m_builder.CreateBitCast(data, Type::BytePtr, "bytes");
+	auto newBytes = m_reallocFunc.call(m_builder, {bytes, reallocSize}, "newBytes");
+	auto newData = m_builder.CreateBitCast(newBytes, Type::WordPtr, "newData");
+	m_builder.CreateStore(newData, dataPtr);
+	m_builder.CreateStore(newCap, capPtr);
+	m_builder.CreateBr(pushBB);
+
+	m_builder.SetInsertPoint(pushBB);
+	auto dataPhi = m_builder.CreatePHI(Type::WordPtr, 2, "dataPhi");
+	dataPhi->addIncoming(data, entryBB);
+	dataPhi->addIncoming(newData, reallocBB);
+	auto newElemPtr = m_builder.CreateGEP(dataPhi, size, "newElemPtr");
+	m_builder.CreateStore(value, newElemPtr);
+	auto newSize = m_builder.CreateNUWAdd(size, m_builder.getInt64(1), "newSize");
+	m_builder.CreateStore(newSize, sizePtr);
+	m_builder.CreateRetVoid();
+
+	return func;
+}
+
+llvm::Function* Array::createArraySetFunc()
+{
+	llvm::Type* argTypes[] = {m_array->getType(), Type::Size, Type::Word};
+	auto func = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::Void, argTypes, false), llvm::Function::PrivateLinkage, "array.set", getModule());
+	func->setDoesNotThrow();
+	func->setDoesNotCapture(1);
+
+	auto arrayPtr = &func->getArgumentList().front();
+	arrayPtr->setName("arrayPtr");
+	auto index = arrayPtr->getNextNode();
+	index->setName("index");
+	auto value = index->getNextNode();
+	value->setName("value");
+
+	InsertPointGuard guard{m_builder};
+	m_builder.SetInsertPoint(llvm::BasicBlock::Create(m_builder.getContext(), {}, func));
+	auto dataPtr = m_builder.CreateStructGEP(arrayPtr, 0, "dataPtr");
+	auto data = m_builder.CreateLoad(dataPtr, "data");
+	auto valuePtr = m_builder.CreateGEP(data, index, "valuePtr");
+	m_builder.CreateStore(value, valuePtr);
+	m_builder.CreateRetVoid();
+	return func;
+}
+
+llvm::Function* Array::createArrayGetFunc()
+{
+	llvm::Type* argTypes[] = {m_array->getType(), Type::Size};
+	auto func = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::Word, argTypes, false), llvm::Function::PrivateLinkage, "array.get", getModule());
+	func->setDoesNotThrow();
+	func->setDoesNotCapture(1);
+
+	auto arrayPtr = &func->getArgumentList().front();
+	arrayPtr->setName("arrayPtr");
+	auto index = arrayPtr->getNextNode();
+	index->setName("index");
+
+	InsertPointGuard guard{m_builder};
+	m_builder.SetInsertPoint(llvm::BasicBlock::Create(m_builder.getContext(), {}, func));
+	auto dataPtr = m_builder.CreateStructGEP(arrayPtr, 0, "dataPtr");
+	auto data = m_builder.CreateLoad(dataPtr, "data");
+	auto valuePtr = m_builder.CreateGEP(data, index, "valuePtr");
+	auto value = m_builder.CreateLoad(valuePtr, "value");
+	m_builder.CreateRet(value);
+	return func;
+}
+
+llvm::Function* Array::createGetPtrFunc()
+{
+	llvm::Type* argTypes[] = {m_array->getType(), Type::Size};
+	auto func = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::WordPtr, argTypes, false), llvm::Function::PrivateLinkage, "array.getPtr", getModule());
+	func->setDoesNotThrow();
+	func->setDoesNotCapture(1);
+
+	auto arrayPtr = &func->getArgumentList().front();
+	arrayPtr->setName("arrayPtr");
+	auto index = arrayPtr->getNextNode();
+	index->setName("index");
+
+	InsertPointGuard guard{m_builder};
+	m_builder.SetInsertPoint(llvm::BasicBlock::Create(m_builder.getContext(), {}, func));
+	auto dataPtr = m_builder.CreateBitCast(arrayPtr, Type::BytePtr->getPointerTo(), "dataPtr");
+	auto data = m_builder.CreateLoad(dataPtr, "data");
+	auto bytePtr = m_builder.CreateGEP(data, index, "bytePtr");
+	auto wordPtr = m_builder.CreateBitCast(bytePtr, Type::WordPtr, "wordPtr");
+	m_builder.CreateRet(wordPtr);
+	return func;
+}
+
+llvm::Function* Array::createFreeFunc()
+{
+	auto func = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::Void, m_array->getType(), false), llvm::Function::PrivateLinkage, "array.free", getModule());
+	func->setDoesNotThrow();
+	func->setDoesNotCapture(1);
+
+	auto freeFunc = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::Void, Type::BytePtr, false), llvm::Function::ExternalLinkage, "ext_free", getModule());
+	freeFunc->setDoesNotThrow();
+	freeFunc->setDoesNotCapture(1);
+
+	auto arrayPtr = &func->getArgumentList().front();
+	arrayPtr->setName("arrayPtr");
+
+	InsertPointGuard guard{m_builder};
+	m_builder.SetInsertPoint(llvm::BasicBlock::Create(m_builder.getContext(), {}, func));
+	auto dataPtr = m_builder.CreateStructGEP(arrayPtr, 0, "dataPtr");
+	auto data = m_builder.CreateLoad(dataPtr, "data");
+	auto mem = m_builder.CreateBitCast(data, Type::BytePtr, "mem");
+	m_builder.CreateCall(freeFunc, mem);
+	m_builder.CreateRetVoid();
+	return func;
+}
+
+llvm::Function* Array::getReallocFunc()
+{
+	if (auto func = getModule()->getFunction("ext_realloc"))
+		return func;
+
+	llvm::Type* reallocArgTypes[] = {Type::BytePtr, Type::Size};
+	auto reallocFunc = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::BytePtr, reallocArgTypes, false), llvm::Function::ExternalLinkage, "ext_realloc", getModule());
+	reallocFunc->setDoesNotThrow();
+	reallocFunc->setDoesNotAlias(0);
+	reallocFunc->setDoesNotCapture(1);
+	return reallocFunc;
+}
+
+llvm::Function* Array::createExtendFunc()
+{
+	llvm::Type* argTypes[] = {m_array->getType(), Type::Size};
+	auto func = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::Void, argTypes, false), llvm::Function::PrivateLinkage, "array.extend", getModule());
+	func->setDoesNotThrow();
+	func->setDoesNotCapture(1);
+
+	auto arrayPtr = &func->getArgumentList().front();
+	arrayPtr->setName("arrayPtr");
+	auto newSize = arrayPtr->getNextNode();
+	newSize->setName("newSize");
+
+	InsertPointGuard guard{m_builder};
+	m_builder.SetInsertPoint(llvm::BasicBlock::Create(m_builder.getContext(), {}, func));
+	auto dataPtr = m_builder.CreateBitCast(arrayPtr, Type::BytePtr->getPointerTo(), "dataPtr");// TODO: Use byte* in Array
+	auto sizePtr = m_builder.CreateStructGEP(arrayPtr, 1, "sizePtr");
+	auto capPtr = m_builder.CreateStructGEP(arrayPtr, 2, "capPtr");
+	auto data = m_builder.CreateLoad(dataPtr, "data");
+	auto size = m_builder.CreateLoad(sizePtr, "size");
+	auto extSize = m_builder.CreateNUWSub(newSize, size, "extSize");
+	auto newData = m_reallocFunc.call(m_builder, {data, newSize}, "newData"); // TODO: Check realloc result for null
+	auto extPtr = m_builder.CreateGEP(newData, size, "extPtr");
+	m_builder.CreateMemSet(extPtr, m_builder.getInt8(0), extSize, 16);
+	m_builder.CreateStore(newData, dataPtr);
+	m_builder.CreateStore(newSize, sizePtr);
+	m_builder.CreateStore(newSize, capPtr);
+	m_builder.CreateRetVoid();
+	return func;
+}
+
+llvm::Type* Array::getType()
+{
+	llvm::Type* elementTys[] = {Type::WordPtr, Type::Size, Type::Size};
+	static auto arrayTy = llvm::StructType::create(elementTys, "Array");
+	return arrayTy;
+}
+
+Array::Array(llvm::IRBuilder<>& _builder, char const* _name) :
+	CompilerHelper(_builder),
+	m_pushFunc([this](){ return createArrayPushFunc(); }),
+	m_setFunc([this](){ return createArraySetFunc(); }),
+	m_getFunc([this](){ return createArrayGetFunc(); }),
+	m_freeFunc([this](){ return createFreeFunc(); })
+{
+	m_array = m_builder.CreateAlloca(getType(), nullptr, _name);
+	m_builder.CreateStore(llvm::ConstantAggregateZero::get(getType()), m_array);
+}
+
+Array::Array(llvm::IRBuilder<>& _builder, llvm::Value* _array) :
+	CompilerHelper(_builder),
+	m_array(_array),
+	m_pushFunc([this](){ return createArrayPushFunc(); }),
+	m_setFunc([this](){ return createArraySetFunc(); }),
+	m_getFunc([this](){ return createArrayGetFunc(); }),
+	m_freeFunc([this](){ return createFreeFunc(); })
+{
+	m_builder.CreateStore(llvm::ConstantAggregateZero::get(getType()), m_array);
+}
+
+
+void Array::pop(llvm::Value* _count)
+{
+	auto sizePtr = m_builder.CreateStructGEP(m_array, 1, "sizePtr");
+	auto size = m_builder.CreateLoad(sizePtr, "size");
+	auto newSize = m_builder.CreateNUWSub(size, _count, "newSize");
+	m_builder.CreateStore(newSize, sizePtr);
+}
+
+llvm::Value* Array::size(llvm::Value* _array)
+{
+	auto sizePtr = m_builder.CreateStructGEP(_array ? _array : m_array, 1, "sizePtr");
+	return m_builder.CreateLoad(sizePtr, "array.size");
+}
+
+void Array::extend(llvm::Value* _arrayPtr, llvm::Value* _size)
+{
+	assert(_arrayPtr->getType() == m_array->getType());
+	assert(_size->getType() == Type::Size);
+	m_extendFunc.call(m_builder, {_arrayPtr, _size});
+}
+
+}
+}
+}
+
+namespace
+{
+	struct AllocatedMemoryWatchdog
+	{
+		std::set<void*> allocatedMemory;
+
+		~AllocatedMemoryWatchdog()
+		{
+			if (!allocatedMemory.empty())
+			{
+				DLOG(mem) << allocatedMemory.size() << " MEM LEAKS!\n";
+				for (auto&& leak : allocatedMemory)
+					DLOG(mem) << "\t" << leak << "\n";
+			}
+		}
+	};
+
+	AllocatedMemoryWatchdog watchdog;
+}
+
+extern "C"
+{
+	using namespace dev::eth::jit;
+
+	EXPORT void* ext_realloc(void* _data, size_t _size) noexcept
+	{
+		//std::cerr << "REALLOC: " << _data << " [" << _size << "]" << std::endl;
+		auto newData = std::realloc(_data, _size);
+		if (_data != newData)
+		{
+			DLOG(mem) << "REALLOC: " << newData << " <- " << _data << " [" << _size << "]\n";
+			watchdog.allocatedMemory.erase(_data);
+			watchdog.allocatedMemory.insert(newData);
+		}
+		return newData;
+	}
+
+	EXPORT void ext_free(void* _data) noexcept
+	{
+		std::free(_data);
+		if (_data)
+		{
+			DLOG(mem) << "FREE   : " << _data << "\n";
+			watchdog.allocatedMemory.erase(_data);
+		}
+	}
+
+} // extern "C"
+
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/Array.h
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/Array.h
@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <functional>
+
+#include "CompilerHelper.h"
+
+namespace dev
+{
+namespace eth
+{
+namespace jit
+{
+
+class LazyFunction
+{
+public:
+	using Creator = std::function<llvm::Function*()>;
+
+	LazyFunction(Creator _creator) :
+		m_creator(_creator)
+	{}
+
+	llvm::Value* call(llvm::IRBuilder<>& _builder, std::initializer_list<llvm::Value*> const& _args, llvm::Twine const& _name = "");
+
+private:
+	llvm::Function* m_func = nullptr;
+	Creator m_creator;
+};
+
+class Array : public CompilerHelper
+{
+public:
+	Array(llvm::IRBuilder<>& _builder, char const* _name);
+	Array(llvm::IRBuilder<>& _builder, llvm::Value* _array);
+
+	void push(llvm::Value* _value) { m_pushFunc.call(m_builder, {m_array, _value}); }
+	void set(llvm::Value* _index, llvm::Value* _value) { m_setFunc.call(m_builder, {m_array, _index, _value}); }
+	llvm::Value* get(llvm::Value* _index) { return m_getFunc.call(m_builder, {m_array, _index}); }
+	void pop(llvm::Value* _count);
+	llvm::Value* size(llvm::Value* _array = nullptr);
+	void free() { m_freeFunc.call(m_builder, {m_array}); }
+
+	void extend(llvm::Value* _arrayPtr, llvm::Value* _size);
+	llvm::Value* getPtr(llvm::Value* _arrayPtr, llvm::Value* _index) { return m_getPtrFunc.call(m_builder, {_arrayPtr, _index}); }
+
+	llvm::Value* getPointerTo() const { return m_array; }
+
+	static llvm::Type* getType();
+
+private:
+	llvm::Value* m_array = nullptr;
+
+	llvm::Function* createArrayPushFunc();
+	llvm::Function* createArraySetFunc();
+	llvm::Function* createArrayGetFunc();
+	llvm::Function* createGetPtrFunc();
+	llvm::Function* createFreeFunc();
+	llvm::Function* createExtendFunc();
+	llvm::Function* getReallocFunc();
+
+	LazyFunction m_pushFunc = {[this](){ return createArrayPushFunc(); }}; // TODO: If works on MSVC, remove form initialization list
+	LazyFunction m_setFunc;
+	LazyFunction m_getPtrFunc = {[this](){ return createGetPtrFunc(); }};
+	LazyFunction m_getFunc;
+	LazyFunction m_freeFunc;
+	LazyFunction m_extendFunc = {[this](){ return createExtendFunc(); }};
+	LazyFunction m_reallocFunc = {[this](){ return getReallocFunc(); }};
+};
+
+}
+}
+}
+
+
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/BasicBlock.cpp
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/BasicBlock.cpp
@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include "preprocessor/llvm_includes_end.h"

 #include "Type.h"
+#include "Utils.h"

 namespace dev
 {
@ -136,6 +137,9 @@ void BasicBlock::synchronizeLocalStack(Stack& _evmStack)
 {
 	auto blockTerminator = m_llvmBB->getTerminator();
 	assert(blockTerminator != nullptr);
+	if (blockTerminator->getOpcode() != llvm::Instruction::Ret)
+	{
+		// Not needed in case of ret instruction. Ret also invalidates the stack.
 		m_builder.SetInsertPoint(blockTerminator);

 		auto currIter = m_currentStack.begin();
@ -151,11 +155,9 @@ void BasicBlock::synchronizeLocalStack(Stack& _evmStack)
 				_evmStack.set(static_cast<size_t>(idx), *currIter);
 		}

-	if (m_tosOffset < 0)
-	{
 		// Pop values
+		if (m_tosOffset < 0)
 			_evmStack.pop(static_cast<size_t>(-m_tosOffset));
-	}

 		// Push new values
 		for (; currIter < endIter; ++currIter)
@ -163,6 +165,7 @@ void BasicBlock::synchronizeLocalStack(Stack& _evmStack)
 			assert(*currIter != nullptr);
 			_evmStack.push(*currIter);
 		}
+	}

 	// Emit get() for all (used) values from the initial stack
 	for (size_t idx = 0; idx < m_initialStack.size(); ++idx)
@ -233,7 +236,7 @@ void BasicBlock::linkLocalStacks(std::vector<BasicBlock*> basicBlocks, llvm::IRB
 		for (auto predIt = llvm::pred_begin(bb); predIt != llvm::pred_end(bb); ++predIt)
 		{
 			auto predInfoEntry = cfg.find(*predIt);
-			if (predInfoEntry != cfg.end())
+			if (predInfoEntry != cfg.end()) // FIXME: It is wrong - will skip entry block
 				info.predecessors.push_back(&predInfoEntry->second);
 		}
 	}
@ -241,11 +244,10 @@ void BasicBlock::linkLocalStacks(std::vector<BasicBlock*> basicBlocks, llvm::IRB
 	// Iteratively compute inputs and outputs of each block, until reaching fixpoint.
 	bool valuesChanged = true;
 	while (valuesChanged)
-	{
-		if (getenv("EVMCC_DEBUG_BLOCKS"))
 	{
 		for (auto& pair : cfg)
-				std::cerr << pair.second.bblock.llvm()->getName().str()
+		{
+			DLOG(bb) << pair.second.bblock.llvm()->getName().str()
 				<< ": in " << pair.second.inputItems
 				<< ", out " << pair.second.outputItems
 				<< "\n";
@ -256,6 +258,9 @@ void BasicBlock::linkLocalStacks(std::vector<BasicBlock*> basicBlocks, llvm::IRB
 		{
 			auto& info = pair.second;

+			if (&info.bblock == basicBlocks.front())
+				info.inputItems = 0; // we cannot use phi nodes for first block as it is a successor of entry block
+
 			if (info.predecessors.empty())
 				info.inputItems = 0; // no consequences for other blocks, so leave valuesChanged false

@ -340,6 +345,8 @@ void BasicBlock::dump(std::ostream& _out, bool _dotOutput)
 	{
 		if (val == nullptr)
 			out << "  ?";
+		else if (llvm::isa<llvm::ExtractValueInst>(val))
+			out << "  " << val->getName();
 		else if (llvm::isa<llvm::Instruction>(val))
 			out << *val;
 		else
@ -361,6 +368,8 @@ void BasicBlock::dump(std::ostream& _out, bool _dotOutput)
 	{
 		if (*val == nullptr)
 			out << "  ?";
+		else if (llvm::isa<llvm::ExtractValueInst>(*val))
+			out << "  " << (*val)->getName();
 		else if (llvm::isa<llvm::Instruction>(*val))
 			out << **val;
 		else
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/BuildInfo.h.in
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/BuildInfo.h.in
@ -8,3 +8,4 @@

 #define LLVM_VERSION "${LLVM_PACKAGE_VERSION}"
 #define LLVM_ASSERTIONS "${LLVM_ENABLE_ASSERTIONS}"
+#define LLVM_DEBUG ${LLVM_DEBUG}
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/CMakeLists.txt
@ -1,9 +1,29 @@
 set(TARGET_NAME evmjit)

-file(GLOB SOURCES "*.cpp")
-file(GLOB HEADERS "*.h")
-set(INTERFACE_HEADERS interface.h)
-source_group("" FILES ${HEADERS})
+set(SOURCES
+    Arith256.cpp		Arith256.h
+    Array.cpp			Array.h
+    BasicBlock.cpp		BasicBlock.h
+    Cache.cpp			Cache.h
+    Common.h
+    Compiler.cpp		Compiler.h
+    CompilerHelper.cpp	CompilerHelper.h
+    Endianness.cpp		Endianness.h
+    ExecStats.cpp		ExecStats.h
+    ExecutionEngine.cpp	ExecutionEngine.h
+    Ext.cpp				Ext.h
+    GasMeter.cpp		GasMeter.h
+    Instruction.cpp		Instruction.h
+    interface.cpp		interface.h
+    Memory.cpp			Memory.h
+    Optimizer.cpp		Optimizer.h
+    Runtime.cpp			Runtime.h
+    RuntimeData.h
+    RuntimeManager.cpp	RuntimeManager.h
+    Stack.cpp			Stack.h
+    Type.cpp			Type.h
+    Utils.cpp			Utils.h
+)
 source_group("" FILES ${SOURCES})

 if(${CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID} STREQUAL "MSVC")
@ -48,11 +68,13 @@ else()
 	set(EVMJIT_SOVERSION ${EVMJIT_VERSION_MAJOR})
 endif()

+
+string(COMPARE EQUAL "${LLVM_ENABLE_ASSERTIONS}" "ON" LLVM_DEBUG)
 configure_file(BuildInfo.h.in ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/gen/BuildInfo.gen.h)

 message(STATUS "EVM JIT version: ${EVMJIT_VERSION_MAJOR}.${EVMJIT_VERSION_MINOR}.${EVMJIT_VERSION_PATCH} ${EVMJIT_VERSION_PRERELEASE} (${EVMJIT_VERSION_FULL})")

-add_library(${TARGET_NAME} SHARED ${SOURCES} ${HEADERS} gen/BuildInfo.gen.h)
+add_library(${TARGET_NAME} SHARED ${SOURCES} gen/BuildInfo.gen.h)
 set_target_properties(${TARGET_NAME} PROPERTIES 
 						VERSION ${EVMJIT_VERSION} SOVERSION ${EVMJIT_SOVERSION}
 						FOLDER "libs")
@ -62,7 +84,4 @@ include_directories(${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/gen)

 target_link_libraries(${TARGET_NAME} PRIVATE ${LLVM_LIBS})

-#set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -fno-rtti")
-
 install(TARGETS ${TARGET_NAME} LIBRARY DESTINATION lib ARCHIVE DESTINATION lib RUNTIME DESTINATION bin)
-#install(FILES ${INTERFACE_HEADERS} DESTINATION include/${TARGET_NAME})
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/Cache.cpp
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/Cache.cpp
@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 #include "Cache.h"

-#include <iostream>
-#include <cassert>
-
 #include "preprocessor/llvm_includes_start.h"
 #include <llvm/IR/Module.h>
 #include <llvm/IR/LLVMContext.h>
@ -14,6 +11,7 @@

 #include "ExecutionEngine.h"
 #include "Utils.h"
+#include "BuildInfo.gen.h"

 namespace dev
 {
@ -22,28 +20,54 @@ namespace eth
 namespace jit
 {

-//#define CACHE_LOG std::cerr << "CACHE "
-#define CACHE_LOG std::ostream(nullptr)
-
 namespace
 {
+	CacheMode g_mode;
 	llvm::MemoryBuffer* g_lastObject;
 	ExecutionEngineListener* g_listener;
+	static const size_t c_versionStampLength = 32;
+
+	llvm::StringRef getLibVersionStamp()
+	{
+		static auto version = llvm::SmallString<c_versionStampLength>{};
+		if (version.empty())
+		{
+			version = EVMJIT_VERSION_FULL;
+			version.resize(c_versionStampLength);
+		}
+		return version;
+	}
 }

-ObjectCache* Cache::getObjectCache(ExecutionEngineListener* _listener)
+ObjectCache* Cache::getObjectCache(CacheMode _mode, ExecutionEngineListener* _listener)
 {
 	static ObjectCache objectCache;
+	g_mode = _mode;
 	g_listener = _listener;
 	return &objectCache;
 }

+void Cache::clear()
+{
+	using namespace llvm::sys;
+	llvm::SmallString<256> cachePath;
+	path::system_temp_directory(false, cachePath);
+	path::append(cachePath, "evm_objs");
+
+	std::error_code err;
+	for (auto it = fs::directory_iterator{cachePath.str(), err}; it != fs::directory_iterator{}; it.increment(err))
+		fs::remove(it->path());
+}
+
 std::unique_ptr<llvm::Module> Cache::getObject(std::string const& id)
 {
+	if (g_mode != CacheMode::on && g_mode != CacheMode::read)
+		return nullptr;
+
 	if (g_listener)
 		g_listener->stateChanged(ExecState::CacheLoad);

-	CACHE_LOG << id << ": search\n";
+	DLOG(cache) << id << ": search\n";
 	if (!CHECK(!g_lastObject))
 		g_lastObject = nullptr;

@ -51,28 +75,21 @@ std::unique_ptr<llvm::Module> Cache::getObject(std::string const& id)
 	llvm::sys::path::system_temp_directory(false, cachePath);
 	llvm::sys::path::append(cachePath, "evm_objs", id);

-#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(NDEBUG)
-	llvm::sys::fs::file_status st;
-	auto err = llvm::sys::fs::status(cachePath.str(), st);
-	if (err)
-		return nullptr;
-	auto mtime = st.getLastModificationTime().toEpochTime();
-
-	std::tm tm;
-	strptime(__DATE__ __TIME__, " %b %d %Y %H:%M:%S", &tm);
-	auto btime = (uint64_t)std::mktime(&tm);
-	if (btime > mtime)
-		return nullptr;
-#endif
-
 	if (auto r = llvm::MemoryBuffer::getFile(cachePath.str(), -1, false))
+	{
+		auto& buf = r.get();
+		auto objVersionStamp = buf->getBufferSize() >= c_versionStampLength ? llvm::StringRef{buf->getBufferEnd() - c_versionStampLength, c_versionStampLength} : llvm::StringRef{};
+		if (objVersionStamp == getLibVersionStamp())
 			g_lastObject = llvm::MemoryBuffer::getMemBufferCopy(r.get()->getBuffer());
+		else
+			DLOG(cache) << "Unmatched version: " << objVersionStamp.str() << ", expected " << getLibVersionStamp().str() << "\n";
+	}
 	else if (r.getError() != std::make_error_code(std::errc::no_such_file_or_directory))
-		std::cerr << r.getError().message(); // TODO: Add log
+		DLOG(cache) << r.getError().message(); // TODO: Add warning log

 	if (g_lastObject)  // if object found create fake module
 	{
-		CACHE_LOG << id << ": found\n";
+		DLOG(cache) << id << ": found\n";
 		auto&& context = llvm::getGlobalContext();
 		auto module = std::unique_ptr<llvm::Module>(new llvm::Module(id, context));
 		auto mainFuncType = llvm::FunctionType::get(llvm::Type::getVoidTy(context), {}, false);
@ -81,13 +98,17 @@ std::unique_ptr<llvm::Module> Cache::getObject(std::string const& id)
 		bb->getInstList().push_back(new llvm::UnreachableInst{context});
 		return module;
 	}
-	CACHE_LOG << id << ": not found\n";
+	DLOG(cache) << id << ": not found\n";
 	return nullptr;
 }


 void ObjectCache::notifyObjectCompiled(llvm::Module const* _module, llvm::MemoryBuffer const* _object)
 {
+	// Only in "on" and "write" mode
+	if (g_mode != CacheMode::on && g_mode != CacheMode::write)
+		return;
+
 	if (g_listener)
 		g_listener->stateChanged(ExecState::CacheWrite);

@ -97,19 +118,19 @@ void ObjectCache::notifyObjectCompiled(llvm::Module const* _module, llvm::Memory
 	llvm::sys::path::append(cachePath, "evm_objs");

 	if (llvm::sys::fs::create_directory(cachePath.str()))
-		return; // TODO: Add log
+		DLOG(cache) << "Cannot create cache dir " << cachePath.str().str() << "\n";

 	llvm::sys::path::append(cachePath, id);

-	CACHE_LOG << id << ": write\n";
+	DLOG(cache) << id << ": write\n";
 	std::string error;
 	llvm::raw_fd_ostream cacheFile(cachePath.c_str(), error, llvm::sys::fs::F_None);
-	cacheFile << _object->getBuffer();
+	cacheFile << _object->getBuffer() << getLibVersionStamp();
 }

 llvm::MemoryBuffer* ObjectCache::getObject(llvm::Module const* _module)
 {
-	CACHE_LOG << _module->getModuleIdentifier() << ": use\n";
+	DLOG(cache) << _module->getModuleIdentifier() << ": use\n";
 	auto o = g_lastObject;
 	g_lastObject = nullptr;
 	return o;
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/Cache.h
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/Cache.h
@ -12,6 +12,15 @@ namespace jit
 {
 class ExecutionEngineListener;

+enum class CacheMode
+{
+	on,
+	off,
+	read,
+	write,
+	clear
+};
+
 class ObjectCache : public llvm::ObjectCache
 {
 public:
@ -29,8 +38,11 @@ public:
 class Cache
 {
 public:
-	static ObjectCache* getObjectCache(ExecutionEngineListener* _listener);
+	static ObjectCache* getObjectCache(CacheMode _mode, ExecutionEngineListener* _listener);
 	static std::unique_ptr<llvm::Module> getObject(std::string const& id);
+
+	/// Clears cache storage
+	static void clear();
 };

 }
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/Common.h
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/Common.h
@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 #pragma once

-#include <vector>
 #include <tuple>
 #include <cstdint>

 #ifdef _MSC_VER
 #define EXPORT __declspec(dllexport)
+#define _ALLOW_KEYWORD_MACROS
+#define noexcept throw()
 #else
 #define EXPORT
 #endif
@ -18,12 +19,9 @@ namespace jit
 {

 using byte = uint8_t;
-using bytes = std::vector<byte>;
 using bytes_ref = std::tuple<byte const*, size_t>;
 using code_iterator = byte const*;

-struct NoteChannel {};	// FIXME: Use some log library?
-
 enum class ReturnCode
 {
 	// Success codes
@ -33,7 +31,7 @@ enum class ReturnCode

 	// Standard error codes
 	OutOfGas           = -1,
-	StackTooSmall      = -2,
+	StackUnderflow      = -2,
 	BadJumpDestination = -3,
 	BadInstruction     = -4,
 	Rejected           = -5, ///< Input data (code, gas, block info, etc.) does not meet JIT requirement and execution request has been rejected
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/Compiler.cpp
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/Compiler.cpp
@ -6,13 +6,9 @@
 #include <sstream>

 #include "preprocessor/llvm_includes_start.h"
-#include <llvm/ADT/PostOrderIterator.h>
 #include <llvm/IR/CFG.h>
 #include <llvm/IR/Module.h>
 #include <llvm/IR/IntrinsicInst.h>
-#include <llvm/IR/MDBuilder.h>
-#include <llvm/PassManager.h>
-#include <llvm/Transforms/Scalar.h>
 #include "preprocessor/llvm_includes_end.h"

 #include "Instruction.h"
@ -93,7 +89,7 @@ void Compiler::createBasicBlocks(code_iterator _codeBegin, code_iterator _codeEn
 	}
 }

-llvm::BasicBlock* Compiler::getJumpTableBlock()
+llvm::BasicBlock* Compiler::getJumpTableBlock(RuntimeManager& _runtimeManager)
 {
 	if (!m_jumpTableBlock)
 	{
@ -101,7 +97,7 @@ llvm::BasicBlock* Compiler::getJumpTableBlock()
 		InsertPointGuard g{m_builder};
 		m_builder.SetInsertPoint(m_jumpTableBlock->llvm());
 		auto dest = m_builder.CreatePHI(Type::Word, 8, "target");
-		auto switchInstr = m_builder.CreateSwitch(dest, getBadJumpBlock());
+		auto switchInstr = m_builder.CreateSwitch(dest, getBadJumpBlock(_runtimeManager));
 		for (auto&& p : m_basicBlocks)
 		{
 			if (p.second.isJumpDest())
@ -111,21 +107,20 @@ llvm::BasicBlock* Compiler::getJumpTableBlock()
 	return m_jumpTableBlock->llvm();
 }

-llvm::BasicBlock* Compiler::getBadJumpBlock()
+llvm::BasicBlock* Compiler::getBadJumpBlock(RuntimeManager& _runtimeManager)
 {
 	if (!m_badJumpBlock)
 	{
 		m_badJumpBlock.reset(new BasicBlock("BadJump", m_mainFunc, m_builder, true));
 		InsertPointGuard g{m_builder};
 		m_builder.SetInsertPoint(m_badJumpBlock->llvm());
-		m_builder.CreateRet(Constant::get(ReturnCode::BadJumpDestination));
+		_runtimeManager.exit(ReturnCode::BadJumpDestination);
 	}
 	return m_badJumpBlock->llvm();
 }

 std::unique_ptr<llvm::Module> Compiler::compile(code_iterator _begin, code_iterator _end, std::string const& _id)
 {
-	auto compilationStartTime = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
 	auto module = std::unique_ptr<llvm::Module>(new llvm::Module(_id, m_builder.getContext()));

 	// Create main function
@ -137,6 +132,17 @@ std::unique_ptr<llvm::Module> Compiler::compile(code_iterator _begin, code_itera
 	auto entryBlock = llvm::BasicBlock::Create(m_builder.getContext(), {}, m_mainFunc);
 	m_builder.SetInsertPoint(entryBlock);

+	createBasicBlocks(_begin, _end);
+
+	// Init runtime structures.
+	RuntimeManager runtimeManager(m_builder, _begin, _end);
+	GasMeter gasMeter(m_builder, runtimeManager);
+	Memory memory(runtimeManager, gasMeter);
+	Ext ext(runtimeManager, memory);
+	Stack stack(m_builder, runtimeManager);
+	runtimeManager.setStack(stack); // Runtime Manager will free stack memory
+	Arith256 arith(m_builder);
+
 	auto jmpBufWords = m_builder.CreateAlloca(Type::BytePtr, m_builder.getInt64(3), "jmpBuf.words");
 	auto frameaddress = llvm::Intrinsic::getDeclaration(module.get(), llvm::Intrinsic::frameaddress);
 	auto fp = m_builder.CreateCall(frameaddress, m_builder.getInt32(0), "fp");
@ -149,24 +155,14 @@ std::unique_ptr<llvm::Module> Compiler::compile(code_iterator _begin, code_itera
 	auto jmpBuf = m_builder.CreateBitCast(jmpBufWords, Type::BytePtr, "jmpBuf");
 	auto r = m_builder.CreateCall(setjmp, jmpBuf);
 	auto normalFlow = m_builder.CreateICmpEQ(r, m_builder.getInt32(0));
-
-	createBasicBlocks(_begin, _end);
-
-	// Init runtime structures.
-	RuntimeManager runtimeManager(m_builder, jmpBuf, _begin, _end);
-	GasMeter gasMeter(m_builder, runtimeManager);
-	Memory memory(runtimeManager, gasMeter);
-	Ext ext(runtimeManager, memory);
-	Stack stack(m_builder, runtimeManager);
-	Arith256 arith(m_builder);
+	runtimeManager.setJmpBuf(jmpBuf);

 	// TODO: Create Stop basic block on demand
 	m_stopBB = llvm::BasicBlock::Create(m_mainFunc->getContext(), "Stop", m_mainFunc);
 	auto abortBB = llvm::BasicBlock::Create(m_mainFunc->getContext(), "Abort", m_mainFunc);

 	auto firstBB = m_basicBlocks.empty() ? m_stopBB : m_basicBlocks.begin()->second.llvm();
-	auto expectTrue = llvm::MDBuilder{m_builder.getContext()}.createBranchWeights(1, 0);
-	m_builder.CreateCondBr(normalFlow, firstBB, abortBB, expectTrue);
+	m_builder.CreateCondBr(normalFlow, firstBB, abortBB, Type::expectTrue);

 	for (auto basicBlockPairIt = m_basicBlocks.begin(); basicBlockPairIt != m_basicBlocks.end(); ++basicBlockPairIt)
 	{
@ -180,10 +176,10 @@ std::unique_ptr<llvm::Module> Compiler::compile(code_iterator _begin, code_itera
 	// Code for special blocks:
 	// TODO: move to separate function.
 	m_builder.SetInsertPoint(m_stopBB);
-	m_builder.CreateRet(Constant::get(ReturnCode::Stop));
+	runtimeManager.exit(ReturnCode::Stop);

 	m_builder.SetInsertPoint(abortBB);
-	m_builder.CreateRet(Constant::get(ReturnCode::OutOfGas));
+	runtimeManager.exit(ReturnCode::OutOfGas);

 	removeDeadBlocks();

@ -230,16 +226,6 @@ std::unique_ptr<llvm::Module> Compiler::compile(code_iterator _begin, code_itera

 	dumpCFGifRequired("blocks-sync.dot");

-	if (m_jumpTableBlock && m_options.rewriteSwitchToBranches)
-	{
-		llvm::FunctionPassManager fpManager(module.get());
-		fpManager.add(llvm::createLowerSwitchPass());
-		fpManager.doInitialization();
-		fpManager.run(*m_mainFunc);
-	}
-
-	auto compilationEndTime = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
-	clog(JIT) << "JIT: " << std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(compilationEndTime - compilationStartTime).count();
 	return module;
 }

@ -516,7 +502,7 @@ void Compiler::compileBasicBlock(BasicBlock& _basicBlock, RuntimeManager& _runti
 			auto val = stack.pop();
 			static_cast<void>(val);
 			// Generate a dummy use of val to make sure that a get(0) will be emitted at this point,
-			// so that StackTooSmall will be thrown
+			// so that StackUnderflow will be thrown
 			// m_builder.CreateICmpEQ(val, val, "dummy");
 			break;
 		}
@ -600,7 +586,7 @@ void Compiler::compileBasicBlock(BasicBlock& _basicBlock, RuntimeManager& _runti
 				auto&& c = constant->getValue();
 				auto targetIdx = c.getActiveBits() <= 64 ? c.getZExtValue() : -1;
 				auto it = m_basicBlocks.find(targetIdx);
-				targetBlock = (it != m_basicBlocks.end() && it->second.isJumpDest()) ? it->second.llvm() : getBadJumpBlock();
+				targetBlock = (it != m_basicBlocks.end() && it->second.isJumpDest()) ? it->second.llvm() : getBadJumpBlock(_runtimeManager);
 			}

 			// TODO: Improve; check for constants
@ -613,7 +599,7 @@ void Compiler::compileBasicBlock(BasicBlock& _basicBlock, RuntimeManager& _runti
 				else
 				{
 					_basicBlock.setJumpTarget(target);
-					m_builder.CreateBr(getJumpTableBlock());
+					m_builder.CreateBr(getJumpTableBlock(_runtimeManager));
 				}
 			}
 			else // JUMPI
@ -629,7 +615,7 @@ void Compiler::compileBasicBlock(BasicBlock& _basicBlock, RuntimeManager& _runti
 				else
 				{
 					_basicBlock.setJumpTarget(target);
-					m_builder.CreateCondBr(cond, getJumpTableBlock(), _nextBasicBlock);
+					m_builder.CreateCondBr(cond, getJumpTableBlock(_runtimeManager), _nextBasicBlock);
 				}
 			}
 			break;
@ -769,7 +755,7 @@ void Compiler::compileBasicBlock(BasicBlock& _basicBlock, RuntimeManager& _runti
 		case Instruction::CALL:
 		case Instruction::CALLCODE:
 		{
-			auto callGas256 = stack.pop();
+			auto callGas = stack.pop();
 			auto codeAddress = stack.pop();
 			auto value = stack.pop();
 			auto inOff = stack.pop();
@ -787,13 +773,8 @@ void Compiler::compileBasicBlock(BasicBlock& _basicBlock, RuntimeManager& _runti
 			if (inst == Instruction::CALLCODE)
 				receiveAddress = _runtimeManager.get(RuntimeData::Address);

-			auto gas = _runtimeManager.getGas();
-			_gasMeter.count(callGas256);
-			auto callGas = m_builder.CreateTrunc(callGas256, Type::Gas);
-			auto gasLeft = m_builder.CreateNSWSub(gas, callGas);
-			_runtimeManager.setGas(callGas);
-			auto ret = _ext.call(receiveAddress, value, inOff, inSize, outOff, outSize, codeAddress);
-			_gasMeter.giveBack(gasLeft);
+			auto ret = _ext.call(callGas, receiveAddress, value, inOff, inSize, outOff, outSize, codeAddress);
+			_gasMeter.count(m_builder.getInt64(0), _runtimeManager.getJmpBuf(), _runtimeManager.getGasPtr());
 			stack.push(ret);
 			break;
 		}
@ -806,14 +787,14 @@ void Compiler::compileBasicBlock(BasicBlock& _basicBlock, RuntimeManager& _runti
 			_memory.require(index, size);
 			_runtimeManager.registerReturnData(index, size);

-			m_builder.CreateRet(Constant::get(ReturnCode::Return));
+			_runtimeManager.exit(ReturnCode::Return);
 			break;
 		}

 		case Instruction::SUICIDE:
 		{
 			_runtimeManager.registerSuicide(stack.pop());
-			m_builder.CreateRet(Constant::get(ReturnCode::Suicide));
+			_runtimeManager.exit(ReturnCode::Suicide);
 			break;
 		}

--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/Compiler.h
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/Compiler.h
@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ private:

 	void compileBasicBlock(BasicBlock& _basicBlock, class RuntimeManager& _runtimeManager, class Arith256& _arith, class Memory& _memory, class Ext& _ext, class GasMeter& _gasMeter, llvm::BasicBlock* _nextBasicBlock);

-	llvm::BasicBlock* getJumpTableBlock();
+	llvm::BasicBlock* getJumpTableBlock(RuntimeManager& _runtimeManager);

-	llvm::BasicBlock* getBadJumpBlock();
+	llvm::BasicBlock* getBadJumpBlock(RuntimeManager& _runtimeManager);

 	void removeDeadBlocks();

--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/Endianness.cpp
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/Endianness.cpp
@ -2,6 +2,7 @@

 #include "preprocessor/llvm_includes_start.h"
 #include <llvm/IR/IntrinsicInst.h>
+#include <llvm/Support/Host.h>
 #include "preprocessor/llvm_includes_end.h"

 #include "Type.h"
@ -15,13 +16,7 @@ namespace jit

 llvm::Value* Endianness::bswapIfLE(llvm::IRBuilder<>& _builder, llvm::Value* _word)
 {
-	union tester
-	{
-		unsigned int  x;
-		unsigned char isLE;
-	};
-
-	if (tester{1}.isLE)
+	if (llvm::sys::IsLittleEndianHost)
 	{
 		// FIXME: Disabled because of problems with BYTE
 		//if (auto constant = llvm::dyn_cast<llvm::ConstantInt>(_word))
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/ExecStats.cpp
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/ExecStats.cpp
@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ char const* getExecStateName(ExecState _state)
 	case ExecState::CacheLoad: return "CacheLoad";
 	case ExecState::CacheWrite: return "CacheWrite";
 	case ExecState::Compilation: return "Compilation";
+	case ExecState::Optimization: return "Optimization";
 	case ExecState::CodeGen: return "CodeGen";
 	case ExecState::Execution: return "Execution";
 	case ExecState::Return: return "Return";
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/ExecStats.h
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/ExecStats.h
@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once

+#include <vector>
 #include <string>
 #include <chrono>

--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/ExecutionEngine.cpp
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/ExecutionEngine.cpp
@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 #include "ExecutionEngine.h"

 #include <array>
-#include <cstdlib>	// env options
+#include <mutex>
 #include <iostream>
+#include <unordered_map>

 #include "preprocessor/llvm_includes_start.h"
 #include <llvm/IR/Module.h>
@ -12,10 +13,13 @@
 #include <llvm/ExecutionEngine/MCJIT.h>
 #include <llvm/Support/TargetSelect.h>
 #include <llvm/Support/Host.h>
+#include <llvm/Support/CommandLine.h>
+#include <llvm/Support/ManagedStatic.h>
 #include "preprocessor/llvm_includes_end.h"

 #include "Runtime.h"
 #include "Compiler.h"
+#include "Optimizer.h"
 #include "Cache.h"
 #include "ExecStats.h"
 #include "Utils.h"
@ -48,42 +52,58 @@ std::string codeHash(i256 const& _hash)
 	return str;
 }

-bool getEnvOption(char const* _name, bool _default)
+void printVersion()
 {
-	auto var = std::getenv(_name);
-	if (!var)
-		return _default;
-	return std::strtol(var, nullptr, 10) != 0;
+	std::cout << "Ethereum EVM JIT Compiler (http://github.com/ethereum/evmjit):\n"
+			  << "  EVMJIT version " << EVMJIT_VERSION << "\n"
+#ifdef NDEBUG
+			  << "  Optimized build, " EVMJIT_VERSION_FULL "\n"
+#else
+			  << "  DEBUG build, " EVMJIT_VERSION_FULL "\n"
+#endif
+			  << "  Built " << __DATE__ << " (" << __TIME__ << ")\n"
+			  << std::endl;
 }

-bool showInfo()
+namespace cl = llvm::cl;
+cl::opt<bool> g_optimize{"O", cl::desc{"Optimize"}};
+cl::opt<CacheMode> g_cache{"cache", cl::desc{"Cache compiled EVM code on disk"},
+	cl::values(
+		clEnumValN(CacheMode::on,    "1", "Enabled"),
+		clEnumValN(CacheMode::off,   "0", "Disabled"),
+		clEnumValN(CacheMode::read,  "r", "Read only. No new objects are added to cache."),
+		clEnumValN(CacheMode::write, "w", "Write only. No objects are loaded from cache."),
+		clEnumValN(CacheMode::clear, "c", "Clear the cache storage. Cache is disabled."),
+		clEnumValEnd)};
+cl::opt<bool> g_stats{"st", cl::desc{"Statistics"}};
+cl::opt<bool> g_dump{"dump", cl::desc{"Dump LLVM IR module"}};
+
+void parseOptions()
 {
-	auto show = getEnvOption("EVMJIT_INFO", false);
-	if (show)
-	{
-		std::cout << "The Ethereum EVM JIT " EVMJIT_VERSION_FULL " LLVM " LLVM_VERSION << std::endl;
-	}
-	return show;
+	static llvm::llvm_shutdown_obj shutdownObj{};
+	cl::AddExtraVersionPrinter(printVersion);
+	cl::ParseEnvironmentOptions("evmjit", "EVMJIT", "Ethereum EVM JIT Compiler");
 }

 }

+
 ReturnCode ExecutionEngine::run(RuntimeData* _data, Env* _env)
 {
-	static auto debugDumpModule = getEnvOption("EVMJIT_DUMP", false);
-	static auto objectCacheEnabled = getEnvOption("EVMJIT_CACHE", true);
-	static auto statsCollectingEnabled = getEnvOption("EVMJIT_STATS", false);
-	static auto infoShown = showInfo();
-	(void) infoShown;
+	static std::once_flag flag;
+	std::call_once(flag, parseOptions);

 	std::unique_ptr<ExecStats> listener{new ExecStats};
 	listener->stateChanged(ExecState::Started);

-	auto objectCache = objectCacheEnabled ? Cache::getObjectCache(listener.get()) : nullptr;
+	auto objectCache = (g_cache != CacheMode::off && g_cache != CacheMode::clear) ? Cache::getObjectCache(g_cache, listener.get()) : nullptr;

 	static std::unique_ptr<llvm::ExecutionEngine> ee;
 	if (!ee)
 	{
+		if (g_cache == CacheMode::clear)
+			Cache::clear();
+
 		llvm::InitializeNativeTarget();
 		llvm::InitializeNativeTargetAsmPrinter();

@ -91,7 +111,7 @@ ReturnCode ExecutionEngine::run(RuntimeData* _data, Env* _env)
 		llvm::EngineBuilder builder(module.get());
 		builder.setEngineKind(llvm::EngineKind::JIT);
 		builder.setUseMCJIT(true);
-		builder.setOptLevel(llvm::CodeGenOpt::None);
+		builder.setOptLevel(g_optimize ? llvm::CodeGenOpt::Default : llvm::CodeGenOpt::None);

 		auto triple = llvm::Triple(llvm::sys::getProcessTriple());
 		if (triple.getOS() == llvm::Triple::OSType::Win32)
@ -108,9 +128,14 @@ ReturnCode ExecutionEngine::run(RuntimeData* _data, Env* _env)
 	static StatsCollector statsCollector;

 	auto mainFuncName = codeHash(_data->codeHash);
-	Runtime runtime(_data, _env);	// TODO: I don't know why but it must be created before getFunctionAddress() calls
+	m_runtime.init(_data, _env);
+
+	EntryFuncPtr entryFuncPtr = nullptr;
+	static std::unordered_map<std::string, EntryFuncPtr> funcCache;
+	auto it = funcCache.find(mainFuncName);
+	if (it != funcCache.end())
+		entryFuncPtr = it->second;

-	auto entryFuncPtr = (EntryFuncPtr)ee->getFunctionAddress(mainFuncName);
 	if (!entryFuncPtr)
 	{
 		auto module = objectCache ? Cache::getObject(mainFuncName) : nullptr;
@ -118,9 +143,15 @@ ReturnCode ExecutionEngine::run(RuntimeData* _data, Env* _env)
 		{
 			listener->stateChanged(ExecState::Compilation);
 			assert(_data->code || !_data->codeSize); //TODO: Is it good idea to execute empty code?
-			module = Compiler({}).compile(_data->code, _data->code + _data->codeSize, mainFuncName);
+			module = Compiler{{}}.compile(_data->code, _data->code + _data->codeSize, mainFuncName);
+
+			if (g_optimize)
+			{
+				listener->stateChanged(ExecState::Optimization);
+				optimize(*module);
+			}
 		}
-		if (debugDumpModule)
+		if (g_dump)
 			module->dump();

 		ee->addModule(module.get());
@ -131,18 +162,18 @@ ReturnCode ExecutionEngine::run(RuntimeData* _data, Env* _env)
 	if (!CHECK(entryFuncPtr))
 		return ReturnCode::LLVMLinkError;

+	funcCache[mainFuncName] = entryFuncPtr;
+
 	listener->stateChanged(ExecState::Execution);
-	auto returnCode = entryFuncPtr(&runtime);
+	auto returnCode = entryFuncPtr(&m_runtime);
 	listener->stateChanged(ExecState::Return);

 	if (returnCode == ReturnCode::Return)
-	{
-		returnData = runtime.getReturnData();     // Save reference to return data
-		std::swap(m_memory, runtime.getMemory()); // Take ownership of memory
-	}
+		returnData = m_runtime.getReturnData();     // Save reference to return data
+
 	listener->stateChanged(ExecState::Finished);

-	if (statsCollectingEnabled)
+	if (g_stats)
 		statsCollector.stats.push_back(std::move(listener));

 	return returnCode;
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/ExecutionEngine.h
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/ExecutionEngine.h
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@

 #include <memory>

-#include "RuntimeData.h"
+#include "Runtime.h"

 namespace dev
 {
@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ enum class ExecState
 	CacheLoad,
 	CacheWrite,
 	Compilation,
+	Optimization,
 	CodeGen,
 	Execution,
 	Return,
@ -50,9 +51,7 @@ public:
 	bytes_ref returnData;

 private:
-	/// After execution, if RETURN used, memory is moved there
-	/// to allow client copy the returned data
-	bytes m_memory;
+	Runtime m_runtime;
 };

 }
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/Ext.cpp
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/Ext.cpp
@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ std::array<FuncDesc, sizeOf<EnvFunc>::value> const& getEnvFuncDescs()
 		FuncDesc{"env_sha3", getFunctionType(Type::Void, {Type::BytePtr, Type::Size, Type::WordPtr})},
 		FuncDesc{"env_balance", getFunctionType(Type::Void, {Type::EnvPtr, Type::WordPtr, Type::WordPtr})},
 		FuncDesc{"env_create", getFunctionType(Type::Void, {Type::EnvPtr, Type::GasPtr, Type::WordPtr, Type::BytePtr, Type::Size, Type::WordPtr})},
-		FuncDesc{"env_call", getFunctionType(Type::Bool, {Type::EnvPtr, Type::GasPtr, Type::WordPtr, Type::WordPtr, Type::BytePtr, Type::Size, Type::BytePtr, Type::Size, Type::WordPtr})},
+		FuncDesc{"env_call", getFunctionType(Type::Bool, {Type::EnvPtr, Type::GasPtr, Type::Gas, Type::WordPtr, Type::WordPtr, Type::BytePtr, Type::Size, Type::BytePtr, Type::Size, Type::WordPtr})},
 		FuncDesc{"env_log", getFunctionType(Type::Void, {Type::EnvPtr, Type::BytePtr, Type::Size, Type::WordPtr, Type::WordPtr, Type::WordPtr, Type::WordPtr})},
 		FuncDesc{"env_blockhash", getFunctionType(Type::Void, {Type::EnvPtr, Type::WordPtr, Type::WordPtr})},
 		FuncDesc{"env_extcode", getFunctionType(Type::BytePtr, {Type::EnvPtr, Type::WordPtr, Type::Size->getPointerTo()})},
@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ llvm::Value* Ext::create(llvm::Value* _endowment, llvm::Value* _initOff, llvm::V
 	return address;
 }

-llvm::Value* Ext::call(llvm::Value* _receiveAddress, llvm::Value* _value, llvm::Value* _inOff, llvm::Value* _inSize, llvm::Value* _outOff, llvm::Value* _outSize, llvm::Value* _codeAddress)
+llvm::Value* Ext::call(llvm::Value* _callGas, llvm::Value* _receiveAddress, llvm::Value* _value, llvm::Value* _inOff, llvm::Value* _inSize, llvm::Value* _outOff, llvm::Value* _outSize, llvm::Value* _codeAddress)
 {
 	auto receiveAddress = Endianness::toBE(m_builder, _receiveAddress);
 	auto inBeg = m_memoryMan.getBytePtr(_inOff);
@ -144,7 +144,11 @@ llvm::Value* Ext::call(llvm::Value* _receiveAddress, llvm::Value* _value, llvm::
 	auto outBeg = m_memoryMan.getBytePtr(_outOff);
 	auto outSize = m_builder.CreateTrunc(_outSize, Type::Size, "out.size");
 	auto codeAddress = Endianness::toBE(m_builder, _codeAddress);
-	auto ret = createCall(EnvFunc::call, {getRuntimeManager().getEnvPtr(), getRuntimeManager().getGasPtr(), byPtr(receiveAddress), byPtr(_value), inBeg, inSize, outBeg, outSize, byPtr(codeAddress)});
+	auto callGas = m_builder.CreateSelect(
+			m_builder.CreateICmpULE(_callGas, m_builder.CreateZExt(Constant::gasMax, Type::Word)),
+			m_builder.CreateTrunc(_callGas, Type::Gas),
+			Constant::gasMax);
+	auto ret = createCall(EnvFunc::call, {getRuntimeManager().getEnvPtr(), getRuntimeManager().getGasPtr(), callGas, byPtr(receiveAddress), byPtr(_value), inBeg, inSize, outBeg, outSize, byPtr(codeAddress)});
 	return m_builder.CreateZExt(ret, Type::Word, "ret");
 }

--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/Ext.h
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/Ext.h
@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ public:
 	llvm::Value* balance(llvm::Value* _address);
 	llvm::Value* calldataload(llvm::Value* _index);
 	llvm::Value* create(llvm::Value* _endowment, llvm::Value* _initOff, llvm::Value* _initSize);
-	llvm::Value* call(llvm::Value* _receiveAddress, llvm::Value* _value, llvm::Value* _inOff, llvm::Value* _inSize, llvm::Value* _outOff, llvm::Value* _outSize, llvm::Value* _codeAddress);
+	llvm::Value* call(llvm::Value* _callGas, llvm::Value* _receiveAddress, llvm::Value* _value, llvm::Value* _inOff, llvm::Value* _inSize, llvm::Value* _outOff, llvm::Value* _outSize, llvm::Value* _codeAddress);
 	llvm::Value* blockhash(llvm::Value* _number);

 	llvm::Value* sha3(llvm::Value* _inOff, llvm::Value* _inSize);
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/GasMeter.cpp
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/GasMeter.cpp
@ -17,52 +17,113 @@ namespace jit
 namespace // Helper functions
 {

-int64_t const c_stepGas = 1;
-int64_t const c_balanceGas = 20;
-int64_t const c_sha3Gas = 10;
-int64_t const c_sha3WordGas = 10;
-int64_t const c_sloadGas = 20;
-int64_t const c_sstoreSetGas = 300;
-int64_t const c_sstoreResetGas = 100;
-int64_t const c_sstoreRefundGas = 100;
-int64_t const c_createGas = 100;
-int64_t const c_createDataGas = 5;
-int64_t const c_callGas = 20;
-int64_t const c_expGas = 1;
-int64_t const c_expByteGas = 1;
-int64_t const c_memoryGas = 1;
-int64_t const c_txDataZeroGas = 1;
-int64_t const c_txDataNonZeroGas = 5;
-int64_t const c_txGas = 500;
-int64_t const c_logGas = 32;
-int64_t const c_logDataGas = 1;
-int64_t const c_logTopicGas = 32;
-int64_t const c_copyGas = 1;
+int64_t const c_stepGas[] = {0, 2, 3, 5, 8, 10, 20};
+int64_t const c_expByteGas = 10;
+int64_t const c_sha3Gas = 30;
+int64_t const c_sha3WordGas = 6;
+int64_t const c_sloadGas = 50;
+int64_t const c_sstoreSetGas = 20000;
+int64_t const c_sstoreResetGas = 5000;
+int64_t const c_sstoreClearGas = 5000;
+int64_t const c_jumpdestGas = 1;
+int64_t const c_logGas = 375;
+int64_t const c_logTopicGas = 375;
+int64_t const c_logDataGas = 8;
+int64_t const c_callGas = 40;
+int64_t const c_createGas = 32000;
+int64_t const c_memoryGas = 3;
+int64_t const c_copyGas = 3;

 int64_t getStepCost(Instruction inst)
 {
 	switch (inst)
 	{
-	default: // Assumes instruction code is valid
-		return c_stepGas;
-
+	// Tier 0
 	case Instruction::STOP:
+	case Instruction::RETURN:
 	case Instruction::SUICIDE:
 	case Instruction::SSTORE: // Handle cost of SSTORE separately in GasMeter::countSStore()
-		return 0;
-
-	case Instruction::EXP:		return c_expGas;
-
-	case Instruction::SLOAD:	return c_sloadGas;
-
-	case Instruction::SHA3:		return c_sha3Gas;
-
-	case Instruction::BALANCE:	return c_balanceGas;
-
-	case Instruction::CALL:
-	case Instruction::CALLCODE:	return c_callGas;
-
-	case Instruction::CREATE:	return c_createGas;
+		return c_stepGas[0];
+
+	// Tier 1
+	case Instruction::ADDRESS:
+	case Instruction::ORIGIN:
+	case Instruction::CALLER:
+	case Instruction::CALLVALUE:
+	case Instruction::CALLDATASIZE:
+	case Instruction::CODESIZE:
+	case Instruction::GASPRICE:
+	case Instruction::COINBASE:
+	case Instruction::TIMESTAMP:
+	case Instruction::NUMBER:
+	case Instruction::DIFFICULTY:
+	case Instruction::GASLIMIT:
+	case Instruction::POP:
+	case Instruction::PC:
+	case Instruction::MSIZE:
+	case Instruction::GAS:
+		return c_stepGas[1];
+
+	// Tier 2
+	case Instruction::ADD:
+	case Instruction::SUB:
+	case Instruction::LT:
+	case Instruction::GT:
+	case Instruction::SLT:
+	case Instruction::SGT:
+	case Instruction::EQ:
+	case Instruction::ISZERO:
+	case Instruction::AND:
+	case Instruction::OR:
+	case Instruction::XOR:
+	case Instruction::NOT:
+	case Instruction::BYTE:
+	case Instruction::CALLDATALOAD:
+	case Instruction::CALLDATACOPY:
+	case Instruction::CODECOPY:
+	case Instruction::MLOAD:
+	case Instruction::MSTORE:
+	case Instruction::MSTORE8:
+	case Instruction::ANY_PUSH:
+	case Instruction::ANY_DUP:
+	case Instruction::ANY_SWAP:
+		return c_stepGas[2];
+
+	// Tier 3
+	case Instruction::MUL:
+	case Instruction::DIV:
+	case Instruction::SDIV:
+	case Instruction::MOD:
+	case Instruction::SMOD:
+	case Instruction::SIGNEXTEND:
+		return c_stepGas[3];
+
+	// Tier 4
+	case Instruction::ADDMOD:
+	case Instruction::MULMOD:
+	case Instruction::JUMP:
+		return c_stepGas[4];
+
+	// Tier 5
+	case Instruction::EXP:
+	case Instruction::JUMPI:
+		return c_stepGas[5];
+
+	// Tier 6
+	case Instruction::BALANCE:
+	case Instruction::EXTCODESIZE:
+	case Instruction::EXTCODECOPY:
+	case Instruction::BLOCKHASH:
+		return c_stepGas[6];
+
+	case Instruction::SHA3:
+		return c_sha3Gas;
+
+	case Instruction::SLOAD:
+		return c_sloadGas;
+
+	case Instruction::JUMPDEST:
+		return c_jumpdestGas;

 	case Instruction::LOG0:
 	case Instruction::LOG1:
@ -73,7 +134,16 @@ int64_t getStepCost(Instruction inst)
 		auto numTopics = static_cast<int64_t>(inst) - static_cast<int64_t>(Instruction::LOG0);
 		return c_logGas + numTopics * c_logTopicGas;
 	}
+
+	case Instruction::CALL:
+	case Instruction::CALLCODE:
+		return c_callGas;
+
+	case Instruction::CREATE:
+		return c_createGas;
 	}
+
+	return 0; // TODO: Add UNREACHABLE macro
 }

 }
@ -82,34 +152,36 @@ GasMeter::GasMeter(llvm::IRBuilder<>& _builder, RuntimeManager& _runtimeManager)
 	CompilerHelper(_builder),
 	m_runtimeManager(_runtimeManager)
 {
-	auto module = getModule();
-
-	llvm::Type* gasCheckArgs[] = {Type::RuntimePtr, Type::Gas};
-	m_gasCheckFunc = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::Void, gasCheckArgs, false), llvm::Function::PrivateLinkage, "gas.check", module);
-	InsertPointGuard guard(m_builder);
+	llvm::Type* gasCheckArgs[] = {Type::Gas->getPointerTo(), Type::Gas, Type::BytePtr};
+	m_gasCheckFunc = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::Void, gasCheckArgs, false), llvm::Function::PrivateLinkage, "gas.check", getModule());
+	m_gasCheckFunc->setDoesNotThrow();
+	m_gasCheckFunc->setDoesNotCapture(1);

 	auto checkBB = llvm::BasicBlock::Create(_builder.getContext(), "Check", m_gasCheckFunc);
-	auto outOfGasBB = llvm::BasicBlock::Create(_builder.getContext(), "OutOfGas", m_gasCheckFunc);
 	auto updateBB = llvm::BasicBlock::Create(_builder.getContext(), "Update", m_gasCheckFunc);
+	auto outOfGasBB = llvm::BasicBlock::Create(_builder.getContext(), "OutOfGas", m_gasCheckFunc);

-	auto rt = &m_gasCheckFunc->getArgumentList().front();
-	rt->setName("rt");
-	auto cost = rt->getNextNode();
+	auto gasPtr = &m_gasCheckFunc->getArgumentList().front();
+	gasPtr->setName("gasPtr");
+	auto cost = gasPtr->getNextNode();
 	cost->setName("cost");
+	auto jmpBuf = cost->getNextNode();
+	jmpBuf->setName("jmpBuf");

+	InsertPointGuard guard(m_builder);
 	m_builder.SetInsertPoint(checkBB);
-	auto gas = m_runtimeManager.getGas();
-	gas = m_builder.CreateNSWSub(gas, cost, "gasUpdated");
-	auto isOutOfGas = m_builder.CreateICmpSLT(gas, m_builder.getInt64(0), "isOutOfGas"); // gas < 0, with gas == 0 we can still do 0 cost instructions
-	m_builder.CreateCondBr(isOutOfGas, outOfGasBB, updateBB);
-
-	m_builder.SetInsertPoint(outOfGasBB);
-	m_runtimeManager.abort();
-	m_builder.CreateUnreachable();
+	auto gas = m_builder.CreateLoad(gasPtr, "gas");
+	auto gasUpdated = m_builder.CreateNSWSub(gas, cost, "gasUpdated");
+	auto gasOk = m_builder.CreateICmpSGE(gasUpdated, m_builder.getInt64(0), "gasOk"); // gas >= 0, with gas == 0 we can still do 0 cost instructions
+	m_builder.CreateCondBr(gasOk, updateBB, outOfGasBB, Type::expectTrue);

 	m_builder.SetInsertPoint(updateBB);
-	m_runtimeManager.setGas(gas);
+	m_builder.CreateStore(gasUpdated, gasPtr);
 	m_builder.CreateRetVoid();
+
+	m_builder.SetInsertPoint(outOfGasBB);
+	m_runtimeManager.abort(jmpBuf);
+	m_builder.CreateUnreachable();
 }

 void GasMeter::count(Instruction _inst)
@ -117,13 +189,13 @@ void GasMeter::count(Instruction _inst)
 	if (!m_checkCall)
 	{
 		// Create gas check call with mocked block cost at begining of current cost-block
-		m_checkCall = createCall(m_gasCheckFunc, {m_runtimeManager.getRuntimePtr(), llvm::UndefValue::get(Type::Gas)});
+		m_checkCall = createCall(m_gasCheckFunc, {m_runtimeManager.getGasPtr(), llvm::UndefValue::get(Type::Gas), m_runtimeManager.getJmpBuf()});
 	}

 	m_blockCost += getStepCost(_inst);
 }

-void GasMeter::count(llvm::Value* _cost)
+void GasMeter::count(llvm::Value* _cost, llvm::Value* _jmpBuf, llvm::Value* _gasPtr)
 {
 	if (_cost->getType() == Type::Word)
 	{
@ -134,7 +206,7 @@ void GasMeter::count(llvm::Value* _cost)
 	}

 	assert(_cost->getType() == Type::Gas);
-	createCall(m_gasCheckFunc, {m_runtimeManager.getRuntimePtr(), _cost});
+	createCall(m_gasCheckFunc, {_gasPtr ? _gasPtr : m_runtimeManager.getGasPtr(), _cost, _jmpBuf ? _jmpBuf : m_runtimeManager.getJmpBuf()});
 }

 void GasMeter::countExp(llvm::Value* _exponent)
@ -145,25 +217,31 @@ void GasMeter::countExp(llvm::Value* _exponent)

 	// OPT: Can gas update be done in exp algorithm?

-	auto ctlz = llvm::Intrinsic::getDeclaration(getModule(), llvm::Intrinsic::ctlz, Type::Word);
-	auto lz256 = m_builder.CreateCall2(ctlz, _exponent, m_builder.getInt1(false));
-	auto lz = m_builder.CreateTrunc(lz256, Type::Gas, "lz");
-	auto sigBits = m_builder.CreateSub(m_builder.getInt64(256), lz, "sigBits");
-	auto sigBytes = m_builder.CreateUDiv(m_builder.CreateAdd(sigBits, m_builder.getInt64(7)), m_builder.getInt64(8));
-	count(sigBytes);
+	auto t = llvm::APInt{256, 1};
+	auto c = m_builder.CreateSelect(m_builder.CreateICmpUGE(_exponent, Constant::get(t)), m_builder.getInt64(1), m_builder.getInt64(0));
+	for (auto i = 2; i <= 32; ++i)
+	{
+		t <<= 8;
+		c = m_builder.CreateSelect(m_builder.CreateICmpUGE(_exponent, Constant::get(t)), m_builder.getInt64(i), c);
+	}
+
+	// FIXME: Does not work because of LLVM bug: https://llvm.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=22304
+//	auto ctlz = llvm::Intrinsic::getDeclaration(getModule(), llvm::Intrinsic::ctlz, Type::Word);
+//	auto lz256 = m_builder.CreateCall2(ctlz, _exponent, m_builder.getInt1(false));
+//	auto lz = m_builder.CreateTrunc(lz256, Type::Gas, "lz");
+//	auto sigBits = m_builder.CreateSub(m_builder.getInt64(256), lz, "sigBits");
+//	auto sigBytes = m_builder.CreateUDiv(m_builder.CreateAdd(sigBits, m_builder.getInt64(7)), m_builder.getInt64(8));
+	count(m_builder.CreateNUWMul(c, m_builder.getInt64(c_expByteGas)));
 }

 void GasMeter::countSStore(Ext& _ext, llvm::Value* _index, llvm::Value* _newValue)
 {
 	auto oldValue = _ext.sload(_index);
 	auto oldValueIsZero = m_builder.CreateICmpEQ(oldValue, Constant::get(0), "oldValueIsZero");
-	auto newValueIsZero = m_builder.CreateICmpEQ(_newValue, Constant::get(0), "newValueIsZero");
-	auto oldValueIsntZero = m_builder.CreateICmpNE(oldValue, Constant::get(0), "oldValueIsntZero");
 	auto newValueIsntZero = m_builder.CreateICmpNE(_newValue, Constant::get(0), "newValueIsntZero");
 	auto isInsert = m_builder.CreateAnd(oldValueIsZero, newValueIsntZero, "isInsert");
-	auto isDelete = m_builder.CreateAnd(oldValueIsntZero, newValueIsZero, "isDelete");
+	static_assert(c_sstoreResetGas == c_sstoreClearGas, "Update SSTORE gas cost");
 	auto cost = m_builder.CreateSelect(isInsert, m_builder.getInt64(c_sstoreSetGas), m_builder.getInt64(c_sstoreResetGas), "cost");
-	cost = m_builder.CreateSelect(isDelete, m_builder.getInt64(0), cost, "cost");
 	count(cost);
 }

@ -171,8 +249,8 @@ void GasMeter::countLogData(llvm::Value* _dataLength)
 {
 	assert(m_checkCall);
 	assert(m_blockCost > 0); // LOGn instruction is already counted
-	static_assert(c_logDataGas == 1, "Log data gas cost has changed. Update GasMeter.");
-	count(_dataLength);
+	static_assert(c_logDataGas != 1, "Log data gas cost has changed. Update GasMeter.");
+	count(m_builder.CreateNUWMul(_dataLength, Constant::get(c_logDataGas))); // TODO: Use i64
 }

 void GasMeter::countSha3Data(llvm::Value* _dataLength)
@ -213,16 +291,16 @@ void GasMeter::commitCostBlock()
 	assert(m_blockCost == 0);
 }

-void GasMeter::countMemory(llvm::Value* _additionalMemoryInWords)
+void GasMeter::countMemory(llvm::Value* _additionalMemoryInWords, llvm::Value* _jmpBuf, llvm::Value* _gasPtr)
 {
-	static_assert(c_memoryGas == 1, "Memory gas cost has changed. Update GasMeter.");
-	count(_additionalMemoryInWords);
+	static_assert(c_memoryGas != 1, "Memory gas cost has changed. Update GasMeter.");
+	count(_additionalMemoryInWords, _jmpBuf, _gasPtr);
 }

 void GasMeter::countCopy(llvm::Value* _copyWords)
 {
-	static_assert(c_copyGas == 1, "Copy gas cost has changed. Update GasMeter.");
-	count(_copyWords);
+	static_assert(c_copyGas != 1, "Copy gas cost has changed. Update GasMeter.");
+	count(m_builder.CreateNUWMul(_copyWords, m_builder.getInt64(c_copyGas)));
 }

 }
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/GasMeter.h
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/GasMeter.h
@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ public:
 	void count(Instruction _inst);

 	/// Count additional cost
-	void count(llvm::Value* _cost);
+	void count(llvm::Value* _cost, llvm::Value* _jmpBuf = nullptr, llvm::Value* _gasPtr = nullptr);

 	/// Calculate & count gas cost for SSTORE instruction
 	void countSStore(class Ext& _ext, llvm::Value* _index, llvm::Value* _newValue);
@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public:
 	void giveBack(llvm::Value* _gas);

 	/// Generate code that checks the cost of additional memory used by program
-	void countMemory(llvm::Value* _additionalMemoryInWords);
+	void countMemory(llvm::Value* _additionalMemoryInWords, llvm::Value* _jmpBuf, llvm::Value* _gasPtr);

 	/// Count addional gas cost for memory copy
 	void countCopy(llvm::Value* _copyWords);
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/Memory.cpp
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/Memory.cpp
@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ namespace jit

 Memory::Memory(RuntimeManager& _runtimeManager, GasMeter& _gasMeter):
 	RuntimeHelper(_runtimeManager),  // TODO: RuntimeHelper not needed
+	m_memory{getBuilder(), _runtimeManager.getMem()},
 	m_gasMeter(_gasMeter)
 {}

@ -27,20 +28,20 @@ llvm::Function* Memory::getRequireFunc()
 	auto& func = m_require;
 	if (!func)
 	{
-		llvm::Type* argTypes[] = {Type::RuntimePtr, Type::Word, Type::Word};
+		llvm::Type* argTypes[] = {Array::getType()->getPointerTo(), Type::Word, Type::Word, Type::BytePtr, Type::GasPtr};
 		func = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::Void, argTypes, false), llvm::Function::PrivateLinkage, "mem.require", getModule());
-		auto rt = func->arg_begin();
-		rt->setName("rt");
-		auto offset = rt->getNextNode();
-		offset->setName("offset");
-		auto size = offset->getNextNode();
-		size->setName("size");
-
-		llvm::Type* resizeArgs[] = {Type::RuntimePtr, Type::WordPtr};
-		auto resize = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::BytePtr, resizeArgs, false), llvm::Function::ExternalLinkage, "mem_resize", getModule());
-		llvm::AttrBuilder attrBuilder;
-		attrBuilder.addAttribute(llvm::Attribute::NoAlias).addAttribute(llvm::Attribute::NoCapture).addAttribute(llvm::Attribute::NonNull).addAttribute(llvm::Attribute::ReadOnly);
-		resize->setAttributes(llvm::AttributeSet::get(resize->getContext(), 1, attrBuilder));
+		func->setDoesNotThrow();
+
+		auto mem = &func->getArgumentList().front();
+		mem->setName("mem");
+		auto blkOffset = mem->getNextNode();
+		blkOffset->setName("blkOffset");
+		auto blkSize = blkOffset->getNextNode();
+		blkSize->setName("blkSize");
+		auto jmpBuf = blkSize->getNextNode();
+		jmpBuf->setName("jmpBuf");
+		auto gas = jmpBuf->getNextNode();
+		gas->setName("gas");

 		auto preBB = llvm::BasicBlock::Create(func->getContext(), "Pre", func);
 		auto checkBB = llvm::BasicBlock::Create(func->getContext(), "Check", func);
@ -51,40 +52,38 @@ llvm::Function* Memory::getRequireFunc()

 		// BB "Pre": Ignore checks with size 0
 		m_builder.SetInsertPoint(preBB);
-		auto sizeIsZero = m_builder.CreateICmpEQ(size, Constant::get(0));
-		m_builder.CreateCondBr(sizeIsZero, returnBB, checkBB);
+		m_builder.CreateCondBr(m_builder.CreateICmpNE(blkSize, Constant::get(0)), checkBB, returnBB, Type::expectTrue);

 		// BB "Check"
 		m_builder.SetInsertPoint(checkBB);
-		auto uaddWO = llvm::Intrinsic::getDeclaration(getModule(), llvm::Intrinsic::uadd_with_overflow, Type::Word);
-		auto uaddRes = m_builder.CreateCall2(uaddWO, offset, size, "res");
-		auto sizeRequired = m_builder.CreateExtractValue(uaddRes, 0, "sizeReq");
-		auto overflow1 = m_builder.CreateExtractValue(uaddRes, 1, "overflow1");
-		auto rtPtr = getRuntimeManager().getRuntimePtr();
-		auto sizePtr = m_builder.CreateStructGEP(rtPtr, 4);
-		auto currSize = m_builder.CreateLoad(sizePtr, "currSize");
-		auto tooSmall = m_builder.CreateICmpULE(currSize, sizeRequired, "tooSmall");
-		auto resizeNeeded = m_builder.CreateOr(tooSmall, overflow1, "resizeNeeded");
-		m_builder.CreateCondBr(resizeNeeded, resizeBB, returnBB); // OPT branch weights?
+		static const auto c_inputMax = uint64_t(1) << 33; // max value of blkSize and blkOffset that will not result in integer overflow in calculations below
+		auto blkOffsetOk = m_builder.CreateICmpULE(blkOffset, Constant::get(c_inputMax), "blkOffsetOk");
+		auto blkO = m_builder.CreateSelect(blkOffsetOk, m_builder.CreateTrunc(blkOffset, Type::Size), m_builder.getInt64(c_inputMax), "bklO");
+		auto blkSizeOk = m_builder.CreateICmpULE(blkSize, Constant::get(c_inputMax), "blkSizeOk");
+		auto blkS = m_builder.CreateSelect(blkSizeOk, m_builder.CreateTrunc(blkSize, Type::Size), m_builder.getInt64(c_inputMax), "bklS");
+
+		auto sizeReq0 = m_builder.CreateNUWAdd(blkO, blkS, "sizeReq0");
+		auto sizeReq = m_builder.CreateAnd(m_builder.CreateNUWAdd(sizeReq0, m_builder.getInt64(31)), uint64_t(-1) << 5, "sizeReq"); // s' = ((s0 + 31) / 32) * 32
+		auto sizeCur = m_memory.size(mem);
+		auto sizeOk = m_builder.CreateICmpULE(sizeReq, sizeCur, "sizeOk");
+
+		m_builder.CreateCondBr(sizeOk, returnBB, resizeBB, Type::expectTrue);

 		// BB "Resize"
 		m_builder.SetInsertPoint(resizeBB);
 		// Check gas first
-		uaddRes = m_builder.CreateCall2(uaddWO, sizeRequired, Constant::get(31), "res");
-		auto wordsRequired = m_builder.CreateExtractValue(uaddRes, 0);
-		auto overflow2 = m_builder.CreateExtractValue(uaddRes, 1, "overflow2");
-		auto overflow = m_builder.CreateOr(overflow1, overflow2, "overflow");
-		wordsRequired = m_builder.CreateSelect(overflow, Constant::get(-1), wordsRequired);
-		wordsRequired = m_builder.CreateUDiv(wordsRequired, Constant::get(32), "wordsReq");
-		sizeRequired = m_builder.CreateMul(wordsRequired, Constant::get(32), "roundedSizeReq");
-		auto words = m_builder.CreateUDiv(currSize, Constant::get(32), "words");	// size is always 32*k
-		auto newWords = m_builder.CreateSub(wordsRequired, words, "addtionalWords");
-		m_gasMeter.countMemory(newWords);
+		auto w1 = m_builder.CreateLShr(sizeReq, 5);
+		auto w1s = m_builder.CreateNUWMul(w1, w1);
+		auto c1 = m_builder.CreateAdd(m_builder.CreateNUWMul(w1, m_builder.getInt64(3)), m_builder.CreateLShr(w1s, 9));
+		auto w0 = m_builder.CreateLShr(sizeCur, 5);
+		auto w0s = m_builder.CreateNUWMul(w0, w0);
+		auto c0 = m_builder.CreateAdd(m_builder.CreateNUWMul(w0, m_builder.getInt64(3)), m_builder.CreateLShr(w0s, 9));
+		auto cc = m_builder.CreateNUWSub(c1, c0);
+		auto costOk = m_builder.CreateAnd(blkOffsetOk, blkSizeOk, "costOk");
+		auto c = m_builder.CreateSelect(costOk, cc, m_builder.getInt64(std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::max()), "c");
+		m_gasMeter.count(c, jmpBuf, gas);
 		// Resize
-		m_builder.CreateStore(sizeRequired, sizePtr);
-		auto newData = m_builder.CreateCall2(resize, rt, sizePtr, "newData");
-		auto dataPtr = m_builder.CreateStructGEP(rtPtr, 3);
-		m_builder.CreateStore(newData, dataPtr);
+		m_memory.extend(mem, sizeReq);
 		m_builder.CreateBr(returnBB);

 		// BB "Return"
@ -94,12 +93,12 @@ llvm::Function* Memory::getRequireFunc()
 	return func;
 }

-llvm::Function* Memory::createFunc(bool _isStore, llvm::Type* _valueType, GasMeter&)
+llvm::Function* Memory::createFunc(bool _isStore, llvm::Type* _valueType)
 {
 	auto isWord = _valueType == Type::Word;

-	llvm::Type* storeArgs[] = {Type::RuntimePtr, Type::Word, _valueType};
-	llvm::Type* loadArgs[] = {Type::RuntimePtr, Type::Word};
+	llvm::Type* storeArgs[] = {Array::getType()->getPointerTo(), Type::Word, _valueType};
+	llvm::Type* loadArgs[] = {Array::getType()->getPointerTo(), Type::Word};
 	auto name = _isStore ? isWord ? "mstore" : "mstore8" : "mload";
 	auto funcType = _isStore ? llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::Void, storeArgs, false) : llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::Word, loadArgs, false);
 	auto func = llvm::Function::Create(funcType, llvm::Function::PrivateLinkage, name, getModule());
@ -107,28 +106,25 @@ llvm::Function* Memory::createFunc(bool _isStore, llvm::Type* _valueType, GasMet
 	InsertPointGuard guard(m_builder); // Restores insert point at function exit

 	m_builder.SetInsertPoint(llvm::BasicBlock::Create(func->getContext(), {}, func));
-	auto rt = func->arg_begin();
-	rt->setName("rt");
-	auto index = rt->getNextNode();
+	auto mem = &func->getArgumentList().front();
+	mem->setName("mem");
+	auto index = mem->getNextNode();
 	index->setName("index");

-	auto valueSize = _valueType->getPrimitiveSizeInBits() / 8;
-	this->require(index, Constant::get(valueSize));
-	auto ptr = getBytePtr(index);
-	if (isWord)
-		ptr = m_builder.CreateBitCast(ptr, Type::WordPtr, "wordPtr");
 	if (_isStore)
 	{
-		llvm::Value* value = index->getNextNode();
-		value->setName("value");
-		if (isWord)
-			value = Endianness::toBE(m_builder, value);
-		m_builder.CreateStore(value, ptr);
+		auto valueArg = index->getNextNode();
+		valueArg->setName("value");
+		auto value = isWord ? Endianness::toBE(m_builder, valueArg) : valueArg;
+		auto memPtr = m_memory.getPtr(mem, m_builder.CreateTrunc(index, Type::Size));
+		auto valuePtr = m_builder.CreateBitCast(memPtr, _valueType->getPointerTo(), "valuePtr");
+		m_builder.CreateStore(value, valuePtr);
 		m_builder.CreateRetVoid();
 	}
 	else
 	{
-		llvm::Value* ret = m_builder.CreateLoad(ptr);
+		auto memPtr = m_memory.getPtr(mem, m_builder.CreateTrunc(index, Type::Size));
+		llvm::Value* ret = m_builder.CreateLoad(memPtr);
 		ret = Endianness::toNative(m_builder, ret);
 		m_builder.CreateRet(ret);
 	}
@ -140,7 +136,7 @@ llvm::Function* Memory::getLoadWordFunc()
 {
 	auto& func = m_loadWord;
 	if (!func)
-		func = createFunc(false, Type::Word, m_gasMeter);
+		func = createFunc(false, Type::Word);
 	return func;
 }

@ -148,7 +144,7 @@ llvm::Function* Memory::getStoreWordFunc()
 {
 	auto& func = m_storeWord;
 	if (!func)
-		func = createFunc(true, Type::Word, m_gasMeter);
+		func = createFunc(true, Type::Word);
 	return func;
 }

@ -156,39 +152,41 @@ llvm::Function* Memory::getStoreByteFunc()
 {
 	auto& func = m_storeByte;
 	if (!func)
-		func = createFunc(true, Type::Byte, m_gasMeter);
+		func = createFunc(true, Type::Byte);
 	return func;
 }


 llvm::Value* Memory::loadWord(llvm::Value* _addr)
 {
-	return createCall(getLoadWordFunc(), {getRuntimeManager().getRuntimePtr(), _addr});
+	require(_addr, Constant::get(Type::Word->getPrimitiveSizeInBits() / 8));
+	return createCall(getLoadWordFunc(), {getRuntimeManager().getMem(), _addr});
 }

 void Memory::storeWord(llvm::Value* _addr, llvm::Value* _word)
 {
-	createCall(getStoreWordFunc(), {getRuntimeManager().getRuntimePtr(), _addr, _word});
+	require(_addr, Constant::get(Type::Word->getPrimitiveSizeInBits() / 8));
+	createCall(getStoreWordFunc(), {getRuntimeManager().getMem(), _addr, _word});
 }

 void Memory::storeByte(llvm::Value* _addr, llvm::Value* _word)
 {
+	require(_addr, Constant::get(Type::Byte->getPrimitiveSizeInBits() / 8));
 	auto byte = m_builder.CreateTrunc(_word, Type::Byte, "byte");
-	createCall(getStoreByteFunc(), {getRuntimeManager().getRuntimePtr(), _addr, byte});
+	createCall(getStoreByteFunc(), {getRuntimeManager().getMem(), _addr, byte});
 }

 llvm::Value* Memory::getData()
 {
-	auto rtPtr = getRuntimeManager().getRuntimePtr();
-	auto dataPtr = m_builder.CreateStructGEP(rtPtr, 3);
-	return m_builder.CreateLoad(dataPtr, "data");
+	auto memPtr = m_builder.CreateBitCast(getRuntimeManager().getMem(), Type::BytePtr->getPointerTo());
+	auto data = m_builder.CreateLoad(memPtr, "data");
+	assert(data->getType() == Type::BytePtr);
+	return data;
 }

 llvm::Value* Memory::getSize()
 {
-	auto rtPtr = getRuntimeManager().getRuntimePtr();
-	auto sizePtr = m_builder.CreateStructGEP(rtPtr, 4);
-	return m_builder.CreateLoad(sizePtr, "size");
+	return m_builder.CreateZExt(m_memory.size(), Type::Word, "msize"); // TODO: Allow placing i64 on stack
 }

 llvm::Value* Memory::getBytePtr(llvm::Value* _index)
@ -204,7 +202,7 @@ void Memory::require(llvm::Value* _offset, llvm::Value* _size)
 		if (!constant->getValue())
 			return;
 	}
-	createCall(getRequireFunc(), {getRuntimeManager().getRuntimePtr(), _offset, _size});
+	createCall(getRequireFunc(), {getRuntimeManager().getMem(), _offset, _size, getRuntimeManager().getJmpBuf(), getRuntimeManager().getGasPtr()});
 }

 void Memory::copyBytes(llvm::Value* _srcPtr, llvm::Value* _srcSize, llvm::Value* _srcIdx,
@ -233,28 +231,18 @@ void Memory::copyBytes(llvm::Value* _srcPtr, llvm::Value* _srcSize, llvm::Value*
 	auto dataLeftSize = m_builder.CreateNUWSub(size64, idx64);
 	auto outOfBound = m_builder.CreateICmpUGT(reqBytes, dataLeftSize);
 	auto bytesToCopyInner = m_builder.CreateSelect(outOfBound, dataLeftSize, reqBytes);
-	auto bytesToCopy = m_builder.CreateSelect(isOutsideData, m_builder.getInt64(0), bytesToCopyInner);
+	auto bytesToCopy = m_builder.CreateSelect(isOutsideData, m_builder.getInt64(0), bytesToCopyInner, "bytesToCopy");
+	auto bytesToZero = m_builder.CreateNUWSub(reqBytes, bytesToCopy, "bytesToZero");

 	auto src = m_builder.CreateGEP(_srcPtr, idx64, "src");
 	auto dstIdx = m_builder.CreateTrunc(_destMemIdx, Type::Size, "dstIdx"); // Never allow memory index be a type bigger than i64
-	auto dst = m_builder.CreateGEP(getData(), dstIdx, "dst");
+	auto padIdx = m_builder.CreateNUWAdd(dstIdx, bytesToCopy, "padIdx");
+	auto dst = m_memory.getPtr(getRuntimeManager().getMem(), dstIdx);
+	auto pad = m_memory.getPtr(getRuntimeManager().getMem(), padIdx);
 	m_builder.CreateMemCpy(dst, src, bytesToCopy, 0);
+	m_builder.CreateMemSet(pad, m_builder.getInt8(0), bytesToZero, 0);
 }

 }
 }
 }
-
-
-extern "C"
-{
-	using namespace dev::eth::jit;
-
-	EXPORT byte* mem_resize(Runtime* _rt, i256* _size)	// TODO: Use uint64 as size OR use realloc in LLVM IR
-	{
-		auto size = _size->a; // Trunc to 64-bit
-		auto& memory = _rt->getMemory();
-		memory.resize(size);
-		return memory.data();
-	}
-}
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/Memory.h
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/Memory.h
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once

-#include "CompilerHelper.h"
+#include "Array.h"

 namespace dev
 {
@ -28,9 +28,11 @@ public:
 	void require(llvm::Value* _offset, llvm::Value* _size);

 private:
+	Array m_memory;
+
 	GasMeter& m_gasMeter;

-	llvm::Function* createFunc(bool _isStore, llvm::Type* _type, GasMeter& _gasMeter);
+	llvm::Function* createFunc(bool _isStore, llvm::Type* _type);

 	llvm::Function* getRequireFunc();
 	llvm::Function* getLoadWordFunc();
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/Optimizer.cpp
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/Optimizer.cpp
@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#include "Optimizer.h"
+
+#include "preprocessor/llvm_includes_start.h"
+#include <llvm/PassManager.h>
+#include <llvm/Transforms/Scalar.h>
+#include <llvm/Transforms/IPO.h>
+#include "preprocessor/llvm_includes_end.h"
+
+namespace dev
+{
+namespace eth
+{
+namespace jit
+{
+
+bool optimize(llvm::Module& _module)
+{
+	auto pm = llvm::PassManager{};
+	//pm.add(llvm::createFunctionInliningPass(2, 2)); // Produces invalid IR
+	pm.add(llvm::createCFGSimplificationPass());
+	//pm.add(llvm::createInstructionCombiningPass()); // Produces invalid runtime results
+	pm.add(llvm::createAggressiveDCEPass());
+	pm.add(llvm::createLowerSwitchPass());
+	return pm.run(_module);
+}
+
+}
+}
+}
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/Optimizer.h
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/Optimizer.h
@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#pragma once
+
+namespace llvm
+{
+	class Module;
+}
+
+namespace dev
+{
+namespace eth
+{
+namespace jit
+{
+
+bool optimize(llvm::Module& _module);
+
+}
+}
+}
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/Runtime.cpp
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/Runtime.cpp
@ -9,20 +9,29 @@ namespace eth
 namespace jit
 {

-Runtime::Runtime(RuntimeData* _data, Env* _env) :
-	m_data(*_data),
-	m_env(*_env)
-{}
+void Runtime::init(RuntimeData* _data, Env* _env)
+{
+	m_data = _data;
+	m_env = _env;
+}
+
+extern "C" void ext_free(void* _data) noexcept;
+
+Runtime::~Runtime()
+{
+	if (m_memData)
+		ext_free(m_memData); // Use helper free to check memory leaks
+}

 bytes_ref Runtime::getReturnData() const
 {
-	auto data = m_data.callData;
-	auto size = static_cast<size_t>(m_data.callDataSize);
+	auto data = m_data->callData;
+	auto size = static_cast<size_t>(m_data->callDataSize);

-	if (data < m_memory.data() || data >= m_memory.data() + m_memory.size() || size == 0)
+	if (data < m_memData || data >= m_memData + m_memSize || size == 0)
 	{
 		assert(size == 0); // data can be an invalid pointer only if size is 0
-		m_data.callData = nullptr;
+		m_data->callData = nullptr;
 		return {};
 	}

--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/Runtime.h
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/Runtime.h
@ -9,30 +9,20 @@ namespace eth
 namespace jit
 {

-using StackImpl = std::vector<i256>;
-using MemoryImpl = bytes;
-
 class Runtime
 {
 public:
-	Runtime(RuntimeData* _data, Env* _env);
-
-	Runtime(const Runtime&) = delete;
-	Runtime& operator=(const Runtime&) = delete;
-
-	StackImpl& getStack() { return m_stack; }
-	MemoryImpl& getMemory() { return m_memory; }
+	void init(RuntimeData* _data, Env* _env);
+	EXPORT ~Runtime();

 	bytes_ref getReturnData() const;

 private:
-	RuntimeData& m_data;			///< Pointer to data. Expected by compiled contract.
-	Env& m_env;						///< Pointer to environment proxy. Expected by compiled contract.
-	void* m_currJmpBuf = nullptr;	///< Pointer to jump buffer. Expected by compiled contract.
-	byte* m_memoryData = nullptr;
-	i256 m_memorySize;
-	StackImpl m_stack;
-	MemoryImpl m_memory;
+	RuntimeData* m_data = nullptr;	///< Pointer to data. Expected by compiled contract.
+	Env* m_env = nullptr;			///< Pointer to environment proxy. Expected by compiled contract.
+	byte* m_memData = nullptr;
+	uint64_t m_memSize = 0;
+	uint64_t m_memCap = 0;
 };

 }
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/RuntimeManager.cpp
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/RuntimeManager.cpp
@ -4,6 +4,9 @@
 #include <llvm/IR/IntrinsicInst.h>
 #include "preprocessor/llvm_includes_end.h"

+#include "Stack.h"
+#include "Utils.h"
+
 namespace dev
 {
 namespace eth
@ -48,9 +51,7 @@ llvm::StructType* RuntimeManager::getRuntimeType()
 		{
 			Type::RuntimeDataPtr,	// data
 			Type::EnvPtr,			// Env*
-			Type::BytePtr,			// jmpbuf
-			Type::BytePtr,			// memory data
-			Type::Word,				// memory size
+			Array::getType()		// memory
 		};
 		type = llvm::StructType::create(elems, "Runtime");
 	}
@ -83,22 +84,21 @@ llvm::Twine getName(RuntimeData::Index _index)
 }
 }

-RuntimeManager::RuntimeManager(llvm::IRBuilder<>& _builder, llvm::Value* _jmpBuf, code_iterator _codeBegin, code_iterator _codeEnd):
+RuntimeManager::RuntimeManager(llvm::IRBuilder<>& _builder, code_iterator _codeBegin, code_iterator _codeEnd):
 	CompilerHelper(_builder),
-	m_jmpBuf(_jmpBuf),
 	m_codeBegin(_codeBegin),
 	m_codeEnd(_codeEnd)
 {
 	m_longjmp = llvm::Intrinsic::getDeclaration(getModule(), llvm::Intrinsic::eh_sjlj_longjmp);

-	// save jmpBuf to be used in helper functions
-	auto ptr = m_builder.CreateStructGEP(getRuntimePtr(), 2);
-	m_builder.CreateStore(m_jmpBuf, ptr, "jmpBufExt");
-
 	// Unpack data
 	auto rtPtr = getRuntimePtr();
 	m_dataPtr = m_builder.CreateLoad(m_builder.CreateStructGEP(rtPtr, 0), "data");
 	assert(m_dataPtr->getType() == Type::RuntimeDataPtr);
+	m_gasPtr = m_builder.CreateStructGEP(m_dataPtr, 0, "gas");
+	assert(m_gasPtr->getType() == Type::Gas->getPointerTo());
+	m_memPtr = m_builder.CreateStructGEP(rtPtr, 2, "mem");
+	assert(m_memPtr->getType() == Array::getType()->getPointerTo());
 	m_envPtr = m_builder.CreateLoad(m_builder.CreateStructGEP(rtPtr, 1), "env");
 	assert(m_envPtr->getType() == Type::EnvPtr);
 }
@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ void RuntimeManager::set(RuntimeData::Index _index, llvm::Value* _value)

 void RuntimeManager::registerReturnData(llvm::Value* _offset, llvm::Value* _size)
 {
-	auto memPtr = getBuilder().CreateStructGEP(getRuntimePtr(), 3);
+	auto memPtr = m_builder.CreateBitCast(getMem(), Type::BytePtr->getPointerTo());
 	auto mem = getBuilder().CreateLoad(memPtr, "memory");
 	auto idx = m_builder.CreateTrunc(_offset, Type::Size, "idx"); // Never allow memory index be a type bigger than i64 // TODO: Report bug & fix to LLVM
 	auto returnDataPtr = getBuilder().CreateGEP(mem, idx);
@ -165,6 +165,14 @@ void RuntimeManager::registerSuicide(llvm::Value* _balanceAddress)
 	set(RuntimeData::SuicideDestAddress, _balanceAddress);
 }

+void RuntimeManager::exit(ReturnCode _returnCode)
+{
+	if (m_stack)
+		m_stack->free();
+
+	m_builder.CreateRet(Constant::get(_returnCode));
+}
+
 void RuntimeManager::abort(llvm::Value* _jmpBuf)
 {
 	auto longjmp = llvm::Intrinsic::getDeclaration(getModule(), llvm::Intrinsic::eh_sjlj_longjmp);
@ -213,12 +221,6 @@ llvm::Value* RuntimeManager::getCallDataSize()
 	return getBuilder().CreateZExt(value, Type::Word);
 }

-llvm::Value* RuntimeManager::getJmpBufExt()
-{
-	auto ptr = getBuilder().CreateStructGEP(getRuntimePtr(), 2);
-	return getBuilder().CreateLoad(ptr, "jmpBufExt");
-}
-
 llvm::Value* RuntimeManager::getGas()
 {
 	auto gas = get(RuntimeData::Gas);
@ -228,7 +230,14 @@ llvm::Value* RuntimeManager::getGas()

 llvm::Value* RuntimeManager::getGasPtr()
 {
-	return getPtr(RuntimeData::Gas);
+	assert(getMainFunction());
+	return m_gasPtr;
+}
+
+llvm::Value* RuntimeManager::getMem()
+{
+	assert(getMainFunction());
+	return m_memPtr;
 }

 void RuntimeManager::setGas(llvm::Value* _gas)
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/RuntimeManager.h
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/RuntimeManager.h
@ -11,11 +11,12 @@ namespace eth
 {
 namespace jit
 {
+class Stack;

 class RuntimeManager: public CompilerHelper
 {
 public:
-	RuntimeManager(llvm::IRBuilder<>& _builder, llvm::Value* _jmpBuf, code_iterator _codeBegin, code_iterator _codeEnd);
+	RuntimeManager(llvm::IRBuilder<>& _builder, code_iterator _codeBegin, code_iterator _codeEnd);

 	llvm::Value* getRuntimePtr();
 	llvm::Value* getDataPtr();
@ -32,11 +33,17 @@ public:
 	llvm::Value* getJmpBuf() { return m_jmpBuf; }
 	void setGas(llvm::Value* _gas);

-	void registerReturnData(llvm::Value* _index, llvm::Value* _size);
+	llvm::Value* getMem();
+
+	void registerReturnData(llvm::Value* _index, llvm::Value* _size); // TODO: Move to Memory.
 	void registerSuicide(llvm::Value* _balanceAddress);

+	void exit(ReturnCode _returnCode);
+
 	void abort(llvm::Value* _jmpBuf);
-	void abort() { abort(getJmpBufExt()); }
+
+	void setStack(Stack& _stack) { m_stack = &_stack; }
+	void setJmpBuf(llvm::Value* _jmpBuf) { m_jmpBuf = _jmpBuf; }

 	static llvm::StructType* getRuntimeType();
 	static llvm::StructType* getRuntimeDataType();
@ -44,15 +51,18 @@ public:
 private:
 	llvm::Value* getPtr(RuntimeData::Index _index);
 	void set(RuntimeData::Index _index, llvm::Value* _value);
-	llvm::Value* getJmpBufExt();

 	llvm::Function* m_longjmp = nullptr;
-	llvm::Value* const m_jmpBuf;
+	llvm::Value* m_jmpBuf = nullptr;
 	llvm::Value* m_dataPtr = nullptr;
+	llvm::Value* m_gasPtr = nullptr;
+	llvm::Value* m_memPtr = nullptr;
 	llvm::Value* m_envPtr = nullptr;

 	code_iterator m_codeBegin = {};
 	code_iterator m_codeEnd = {};
+
+	Stack* m_stack = nullptr;
 };

 }
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/Stack.cpp
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/Stack.cpp
@ -6,6 +6,9 @@

 #include "RuntimeManager.h"
 #include "Runtime.h"
+#include "Utils.h"
+
+#include <set> // DEBUG only

 namespace dev
 {
@ -16,20 +19,62 @@ namespace jit

 Stack::Stack(llvm::IRBuilder<>& _builder, RuntimeManager& _runtimeManager):
 	CompilerHelper(_builder),
-	m_runtimeManager(_runtimeManager)
+	m_runtimeManager(_runtimeManager),
+	m_stack(_builder, "stack")
+{}
+
+llvm::Function* Stack::getPushFunc()
 {
-	m_arg = m_builder.CreateAlloca(Type::Word, nullptr, "stack.arg");
+	auto& func = m_push;
+	if (!func)
+	{
+		llvm::Type* argTypes[] = {Type::RuntimePtr, Type::Word};
+		func = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::Void, argTypes, false), llvm::Function::ExternalLinkage, "stack.push", getModule());
+		llvm::Type* extArgTypes[] = {Type::RuntimePtr, Type::WordPtr};
+		auto extPushFunc = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::Void, extArgTypes, false), llvm::Function::ExternalLinkage, "stack_push", getModule());
+
+		auto rt = &func->getArgumentList().front();
+		rt->setName("rt");
+		auto value = rt->getNextNode();
+		value->setName("value");

-	using namespace llvm;
-	using Linkage = GlobalValue::LinkageTypes;
+		InsertPointGuard guard{m_builder};
+		auto entryBB = llvm::BasicBlock::Create(m_builder.getContext(), {}, func);
+		m_builder.SetInsertPoint(entryBB);
+		auto a = m_builder.CreateAlloca(Type::Word);
+		m_builder.CreateStore(value, a);
+		createCall(extPushFunc, {rt, a});
+		m_builder.CreateRetVoid();
+	}
+	return func;
+}

-	auto module = getModule();
+llvm::Function* Stack::getSetFunc()
+{
+	auto& func = m_set;
+	if (!func)
+	{
+		llvm::Type* argTypes[] = {Type::RuntimePtr, Type::Size, Type::Word};
+		func = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::Void, argTypes, false), llvm::Function::ExternalLinkage, "stack.set", getModule());
+		llvm::Type* extArgTypes[] = {Type::RuntimePtr, Type::Size, Type::WordPtr};
+		auto extSetFunc = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::Void, extArgTypes, false), llvm::Function::ExternalLinkage, "stack_set", getModule());

-	llvm::Type* pushArgTypes[] = {Type::RuntimePtr, Type::WordPtr};
-	m_push = Function::Create(FunctionType::get(Type::Void, pushArgTypes, false), Linkage::ExternalLinkage, "stack_push", module);
+		auto rt = &func->getArgumentList().front();
+		rt->setName("rt");
+		auto index = rt->getNextNode();
+		index->setName("index");
+		auto value = index->getNextNode();
+		value->setName("value");

-	llvm::Type* getSetArgTypes[] = {Type::RuntimePtr, Type::Size, Type::WordPtr};
-	m_set = Function::Create(FunctionType::get(Type::Void, getSetArgTypes, false), Linkage::ExternalLinkage, "stack_set", module);
+		InsertPointGuard guard{m_builder};
+		auto entryBB = llvm::BasicBlock::Create(m_builder.getContext(), {}, func);
+		m_builder.SetInsertPoint(entryBB);
+		auto a = m_builder.CreateAlloca(Type::Word);
+		m_builder.CreateStore(value, a);
+		createCall(extSetFunc, {rt, index, a});
+		m_builder.CreateRetVoid();
+	}
+	return func;
 }

 llvm::Function* Stack::getPopFunc()
@ -73,16 +118,14 @@ llvm::Function* Stack::getGetFunc()
 	auto& func = m_get;
 	if (!func)
 	{
-		llvm::Type* argTypes[] = {Type::RuntimePtr, Type::Size, Type::BytePtr};
-		func = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::WordPtr, argTypes, false), llvm::Function::ExternalLinkage, "stack.get", getModule());
-		llvm::Type* extArgTypes[] = {Type::RuntimePtr, Type::Size};
-		auto extGetFunc = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::WordPtr, extArgTypes, false), llvm::Function::ExternalLinkage, "stack_get", getModule());
+		llvm::Type* argTypes[] = {Type::Size, Type::Size, Type::BytePtr};
+		func = llvm::Function::Create(llvm::FunctionType::get(Type::Void, argTypes, false), llvm::Function::ExternalLinkage, "stack.require", getModule());

-		auto rt = &func->getArgumentList().front();
-		rt->setName("rt");
-		auto index = rt->getNextNode();
+		auto index = &func->getArgumentList().front();
 		index->setName("index");
-		auto jmpBuf = index->getNextNode();
+		auto size = index->getNextNode();
+		size->setName("size");
+		auto jmpBuf = size->getNextNode();
 		jmpBuf->setName("jmpBuf");

 		InsertPointGuard guard{m_builder};
@ -91,46 +134,44 @@ llvm::Function* Stack::getGetFunc()
 		auto returnBB = llvm::BasicBlock::Create(m_builder.getContext(), "Return", func);

 		m_builder.SetInsertPoint(entryBB);
-		auto valuePtr = createCall(extGetFunc, {rt, index});
-		auto ok = m_builder.CreateICmpNE(valuePtr, llvm::ConstantPointerNull::get(Type::WordPtr));
-		m_builder.CreateCondBr(ok, returnBB, underflowBB); //TODO: Add branch weight
+		auto underflow = m_builder.CreateICmpUGE(index, size, "underflow");
+		m_builder.CreateCondBr(underflow, underflowBB, returnBB);

 		m_builder.SetInsertPoint(underflowBB);
 		m_runtimeManager.abort(jmpBuf);
 		m_builder.CreateUnreachable();

 		m_builder.SetInsertPoint(returnBB);
-		m_builder.CreateRet(valuePtr);
+		m_builder.CreateRetVoid();
 	}
 	return func;
 }

 llvm::Value* Stack::get(size_t _index)
 {
-	auto valuePtr = createCall(getGetFunc(), {m_runtimeManager.getRuntimePtr(), m_builder.getInt64(_index), m_runtimeManager.getJmpBuf()});
-	return m_builder.CreateLoad(valuePtr);
+	createCall(getGetFunc(), {m_builder.getInt64(_index), m_stack.size(), m_runtimeManager.getJmpBuf()});
+	auto value = m_stack.get(m_builder.CreateSub(m_stack.size(), m_builder.getInt64(_index + 1)));
+	//return m_builder.CreateLoad(valuePtr);
+	return value;
 }

 void Stack::set(size_t _index, llvm::Value* _value)
 {
-	m_builder.CreateStore(_value, m_arg);
-	m_builder.CreateCall3(m_set, m_runtimeManager.getRuntimePtr(), llvm::ConstantInt::get(Type::Size, _index, false), m_arg);
+	m_stack.set(m_builder.CreateSub(m_stack.size(), m_builder.getInt64(_index + 1)), _value);
 }

 void Stack::pop(size_t _count)
 {
-	createCall(getPopFunc(), {m_runtimeManager.getRuntimePtr(), m_builder.getInt64(_count), m_runtimeManager.getJmpBuf()});
+	// FIXME: Pop does not check for stack underflow but looks like not needed
+	//        We should place stack.require() check and begining of every BB
+	m_stack.pop(m_builder.getInt64(_count));
 }

 void Stack::push(llvm::Value* _value)
 {
-	m_builder.CreateStore(_value, m_arg);
-	m_builder.CreateCall2(m_push, m_runtimeManager.getRuntimePtr(), m_arg);
+	m_stack.push(_value);
 }

-
-size_t Stack::maxStackSize = 0;
-
 }
 }
 }
@ -139,41 +180,6 @@ extern "C"
 {
 	using namespace dev::eth::jit;

-	EXPORT bool stack_pop(Runtime* _rt, uint64_t _count)
-	{
-		auto& stack = _rt->getStack();
-		if (stack.size() < _count)
-			return false;
-
-		stack.erase(stack.end() - _count, stack.end());
-		return true;
-	}
-
-	EXPORT void stack_push(Runtime* _rt, i256 const* _word)
-	{
-		auto& stack = _rt->getStack();
-		stack.push_back(*_word);
-
-		if (stack.size() > Stack::maxStackSize)
-			Stack::maxStackSize = stack.size();
-	}
-
-	EXPORT i256* stack_get(Runtime* _rt, uint64_t _index)
-	{
-		auto& stack = _rt->getStack();
-		return _index < stack.size() ? &*(stack.rbegin() + _index) : nullptr;
-	}
-
-	EXPORT void stack_set(Runtime* _rt, uint64_t _index, i256 const* _word)
-	{
-		auto& stack = _rt->getStack();
-		assert(_index < stack.size());
-		if (_index >= stack.size())
-			return;
-
-		*(stack.rbegin() + _index) = *_word;
-	}
-
 	EXPORT void ext_calldataload(RuntimeData* _rtData, i256* _index, byte* o_value)
 	{
 		// It asumes all indexes are less than 2^64
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/Stack.h
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/Stack.h
@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #pragma once

-#include "CompilerHelper.h"
+#include <functional>
+
+#include "Array.h"

 namespace dev
 {
@ -19,21 +21,22 @@ public:
 	void set(size_t _index, llvm::Value* _value);
 	void pop(size_t _count);
 	void push(llvm::Value* _value);
-
-	static size_t maxStackSize;
+	void free() { m_stack.free(); }

 private:
 	llvm::Function* getPopFunc();
+	llvm::Function* getPushFunc();
 	llvm::Function* getGetFunc();
+	llvm::Function* getSetFunc();

 	RuntimeManager& m_runtimeManager;

 	llvm::Function* m_pop = nullptr;
-	llvm::Function* m_push;
+	llvm::Function* m_push = nullptr;
 	llvm::Function* m_get = nullptr;
-	llvm::Function* m_set;
+	llvm::Function* m_set = nullptr;

-	llvm::Value* m_arg;
+	Array m_stack;
 };


--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/Type.cpp
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/Type.cpp
@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
 #include "Type.h"
+
+#include <llvm/IR/MDBuilder.h>
+
 #include "RuntimeManager.h"

 namespace dev
@ -23,6 +26,7 @@ llvm::PointerType* Type::EnvPtr;
 llvm::PointerType* Type::RuntimeDataPtr;
 llvm::PointerType* Type::RuntimePtr;
 llvm::ConstantInt* Constant::gasMax;
+llvm::MDNode* Type::expectTrue;

 void Type::init(llvm::LLVMContext& _context)
 {
@ -46,6 +50,8 @@ void Type::init(llvm::LLVMContext& _context)
 		RuntimePtr = RuntimeManager::getRuntimeType()->getPointerTo();

 		Constant::gasMax = llvm::ConstantInt::getSigned(Type::Gas, std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::max());
+
+		expectTrue = llvm::MDBuilder{_context}.createBranchWeights(1, 0);
 	}
 }

--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/Type.h
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/Type.h
@ -40,6 +40,9 @@ struct Type
 	static llvm::PointerType* RuntimeDataPtr;
 	static llvm::PointerType* RuntimePtr;

+	// TODO: Redesign static LLVM objects
+	static llvm::MDNode* expectTrue;
+
 	static void init(llvm::LLVMContext& _context);
 };

--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/Utils.cpp
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/Utils.cpp
@ -1,13 +1,27 @@
 #include "Utils.h"

+#include <llvm/Support/Debug.h>
+
+#include "BuildInfo.gen.h"
+
+#if !defined(NDEBUG) // Debug
+
 namespace dev
 {
-namespace eth
-{
-namespace jit
+namespace evmjit
 {

-
+std::ostream& getLogStream(char const* _channel)
+{
+	static std::ostream nullStream{nullptr};
+#if LLVM_DEBUG
+	return (llvm::DebugFlag && llvm::isCurrentDebugType(_channel)) ? std::cerr : nullStream;
+#else
+	return (void)_channel, nullStream;
+#endif
 }
+
 }
 }
+
+#endif
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/Utils.h
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/Utils.h
@ -2,23 +2,39 @@

 #include <iostream>

-#include "Common.h"
+// The same as assert, but expression is always evaluated and result returned
+#define CHECK(expr) (assert(expr), expr)
+
+#if !defined(NDEBUG) // Debug

 namespace dev
 {
-namespace eth
-{
-namespace jit
+namespace evmjit
 {

-struct JIT: public NoteChannel  { static const char* name() { return "JIT"; } };
+std::ostream& getLogStream(char const* _channel);
+
+}
+}

-//#define clog(CHANNEL) std::cerr
-#define clog(CHANNEL) std::ostream(nullptr)
+#define DLOG(CHANNEL) ::dev::evmjit::getLogStream(#CHANNEL)

-// The same as assert, but expression is always evaluated and result returned
-#define CHECK(expr) (assert(expr), expr)
+#else // Release
+
+namespace dev
+{
+namespace evmjit
+{
+
+struct Voider
+{
+	void operator=(std::ostream const&) {}
+};

 }
 }
-}
+
+
+#define DLOG(CHANNEL) true ? (void)0 : ::dev::evmjit::Voider{} = std::cerr
+
+#endif
--- a/evmjit/libevmjit/interface.cpp
+++ b/evmjit/libevmjit/interface.cpp
@ -5,11 +5,6 @@ extern "C"

 using namespace dev::eth::jit;

-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-#define _ALLOW_KEYWORD_MACROS
-#define noexcept throw()
-#endif
-
 EXPORT void* evmjit_create() noexcept
 {
 	// TODO: Make sure ExecutionEngine constructor does not throw
--- a/libdevcore/Assertions.h
+++ b/libdevcore/Assertions.h
@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+/*
+	This file is part of cpp-ethereum.
+
+	cpp-ethereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+	it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+	the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+	(at your option) any later version.
+
+	cpp-ethereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+	but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+	MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+	GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+	You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+	along with cpp-ethereum.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+/**
+ * @file Assertions.h
+ * @author Christian <c@ethdev.com>
+ * @date 2015
+ *
+ * Assertion handling.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "Exceptions.h"
+#include "debugbreak.h"
+
+namespace dev
+{
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+#define ETH_FUNC __FUNCSIG__
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+#define ETH_FUNC __PRETTY_FUNCTION__
+#else
+#define ETH_FUNC __func__
+#endif
+
+#define asserts(A) ::dev::assertAux(A, #A, __LINE__, __FILE__, ETH_FUNC)
+#define assertsEqual(A, B) ::dev::assertEqualAux(A, B, #A, #B, __LINE__, __FILE__, ETH_FUNC)
+
+inline bool assertAux(bool _a, char const* _aStr, unsigned _line, char const* _file, char const* _func)
+{
+	bool ret = _a;
+	if (!ret)
+	{
+		std::cerr << "Assertion failed:" << _aStr << " [func=" << _func << ", line=" << _line << ", file=" << _file << "]" << std::endl;
+#if ETH_DEBUG
+		debug_break();
+#endif
+	}
+	return !ret;
+}
+
+template<class A, class B>
+inline bool assertEqualAux(A const& _a, B const& _b, char const* _aStr, char const* _bStr, unsigned _line, char const* _file, char const* _func)
+{
+	bool ret = _a == _b;
+	if (!ret)
+	{
+		std::cerr << "Assertion failed: " << _aStr << " == " << _bStr << " [func=" << _func << ", line=" << _line << ", file=" << _file << "]" << std::endl;
+		std::cerr << "   Fail equality: " << _a << "==" << _b << std::endl;
+#if ETH_DEBUG
+		debug_break();
+#endif
+	}
+	return !ret;
+}
+
+/// Assertion that throws an exception containing the given description if it is not met.
+/// Use it as assertThrow(1 == 1, ExceptionType, "Mathematics is wrong.");
+/// Do NOT supply an exception object as the second parameter.
+#define assertThrow(_condition, _ExceptionType, _description) \
+	::dev::assertThrowAux<_ExceptionType>(_condition, _description, __LINE__, __FILE__, ETH_FUNC)
+
+using errinfo_comment = boost::error_info<struct tag_comment, std::string>;
+
+template <class _ExceptionType>
+inline void assertThrowAux(
+	bool _condition,
+	::std::string const& _errorDescription,
+	unsigned _line,
+	char const* _file,
+	char const* _function
+)
+{
+	if (!_condition)
+		::boost::throw_exception(
+			_ExceptionType() <<
+			::dev::errinfo_comment(_errorDescription) <<
+			::boost::throw_function(_function) <<
+			::boost::throw_file(_file) <<
+			::boost::throw_line(_line)
+		);
+}
+
+template <class _ExceptionType>
+inline void assertThrowAux(
+	void const* _pointer,
+	::std::string const& _errorDescription,
+	unsigned _line,
+	char const* _file,
+	char const* _function
+)
+{
+	assertThrowAux<_ExceptionType>(_pointer != nullptr, _errorDescription, _line, _file, _function);
+}
+
+}
--- a/libdevcore/Common.h
+++ b/libdevcore/Common.h
@ -44,7 +44,6 @@
 #pragma warning(pop)
 #pragma GCC diagnostic pop
 #include "vector_ref.h"
-#include "debugbreak.h"

 // CryptoPP defines byte in the global namespace, so must we.
 using byte = uint8_t;
@ -135,45 +134,4 @@ private:
 	std::function<void(void)> m_f;
 };

-// Assertions...
-
-#if defined(_MSC_VER)
-#define ETH_FUNC __FUNCSIG__
-#elif defined(__GNUC__)
-#define ETH_FUNC __PRETTY_FUNCTION__
-#else
-#define ETH_FUNC __func__
-#endif
-
-#define asserts(A) ::dev::assertAux(A, #A, __LINE__, __FILE__, ETH_FUNC)
-#define assertsEqual(A, B) ::dev::assertEqualAux(A, B, #A, #B, __LINE__, __FILE__, ETH_FUNC)
-
-inline bool assertAux(bool _a, char const* _aStr, unsigned _line, char const* _file, char const* _func)
-{
-	bool ret = _a;
-	if (!ret)
-	{
-		std::cerr << "Assertion failed:" << _aStr << " [func=" << _func << ", line=" << _line << ", file=" << _file << "]" << std::endl;
-#if ETH_DEBUG
-		debug_break();
-#endif
-	}
-	return !ret;
-}
-
-template<class A, class B>
-inline bool assertEqualAux(A const& _a, B const& _b, char const* _aStr, char const* _bStr, unsigned _line, char const* _file, char const* _func)
-{
-	bool ret = _a == _b;
-	if (!ret)
-	{
-		std::cerr << "Assertion failed: " << _aStr << " == " << _bStr << " [func=" << _func << ", line=" << _line << ", file=" << _file << "]" << std::endl;
-		std::cerr << "   Fail equality: " << _a << "==" << _b << std::endl;
-#if ETH_DEBUG
-		debug_break();
-#endif
-	}
-	return !ret;
-}
-
 }
--- a/libdevcore/CommonData.cpp
+++ b/libdevcore/CommonData.cpp
@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ std::string dev::escaped(std::string const& _s, bool _all)
 			ret += "\\\"";
 		else if (i == '\\' && !_all)
 			ret += "\\\\";
-		else if (prettyEscapes.count(i))
+		else if (prettyEscapes.count(i) && !_all)
 		{
 			ret += '\\';
 			ret += prettyEscapes.find(i)->second;
--- a/libdevcore/Exceptions.h
+++ b/libdevcore/Exceptions.h
@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ namespace dev
 // base class for all exceptions
 struct Exception: virtual std::exception, virtual boost::exception
 {
-	Exception(std::string _message = {}): m_message(std::move(_message)) {}
+	Exception(std::string _message = std::string()): m_message(std::move(_message)) {}
 	const char* what() const noexcept override { return m_message.empty() ? std::exception::what() : m_message.c_str(); }

 private:
--- a/libdevcore/StructuredLogger.cpp
+++ b/libdevcore/StructuredLogger.cpp
@ -38,9 +38,10 @@ void StructuredLogger::outputJson(Json::Value const& _value, std::string const&
 {
 	Json::Value event;
 	static Mutex s_lock;
+	Json::FastWriter fastWriter;
 	Guard l(s_lock);
 	event[_name] = _value;
-	cout << event << endl << flush;
+	cout << fastWriter.write(event) << endl;
 }

 void StructuredLogger::starting(string const& _clientImpl, const char* _ethVersion)
--- a/libdevcrypto/CryptoPP.cpp
+++ b/libdevcrypto/CryptoPP.cpp
@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 */

 #include <libdevcore/Guards.h>
+#include <libdevcore/Assertions.h>
 #include "ECDHE.h"
 #include "CryptoPP.h"

--- a/libethash/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/libethash/CMakeLists.txt
@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ set(LIBRARY ethash)

 if (CPPETHEREUM)
 	set(CMAKE_C_FLAGS "${CMAKE_C_FLAGS} -fPIC")
-#else ()
 endif ()

 set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE Release)
--- a/libethash/data_sizes.h
+++ b/libethash/data_sizes.h
@ -20,8 +20,6 @@
 * @date 2015
 */

-// TODO: Update this after ~3.5 years
-
 #pragma once

 #include <stdint.h>
@ -33,213 +31,780 @@ extern "C" {

 #include <stdint.h>

-// 500 Epochs worth of tabulated DAG sizes (~3.5 Years)
+// 2048 Epochs (~20 years) worth of tabulated DAG sizes

 // Generated with the following Mathematica Code:
-// GetDataSizes[n_] := Module[{
-//        DAGSizeBytesInit = 2^30,
-//        MixBytes = 128,
-//        DAGGrowth = 113000000,
+
+// GetCacheSizes[n_] := Module[{
+//        CacheSizeBytesInit = 2^24,
+//        CacheGrowth = 2^17,
+//        HashBytes = 64,
 //        j = 0},
 //       Reap[
 //         While[j < n,
 //           Module[{i =
-//              Floor[(DAGSizeBytesInit + DAGGrowth * j) / MixBytes]},
+//             Floor[(CacheSizeBytesInit + CacheGrowth * j) / HashBytes]},
 //             While[! PrimeQ[i], i--];
-//              Sow[i*MixBytes]; j++]]]][[2]][[1]]
-
-static const size_t dag_sizes[] = {
-        1073739904U, 1186739584U, 1299741568U, 1412741248U, 1525741696U,
-        1638736768U, 1751741312U, 1864740736U, 1977740672U, 2090740864U,
-        2203740544U, 2316741248U, 2429739392U, 2542740352U, 2655741824U,
-        2768739712U, 2881740416U, 2994741632U, 3107740544U, 3220741504U,
-        3333738112U, 3446741632U, 3559741312U, 3672740224U, 3785740928U,
-        3898738304U, 4011741824U, 4124739712U, 4237735808U, 4350740864U,
-        4463741824U, 4576741504U, 4689741184U, 4802739328U, 4915741568U,
-        5028740224U, 5141740672U, 5254738304U, 5367741824U, 5480737664U,
-        5593738112U, 5706741632U, 5819740544U, 5932734592U, 6045739904U,
-        6158740096U, 6271740032U, 6384731776U, 6497732992U, 6610740352U,
-        6723741056U, 6836741504U, 6949740416U, 7062740096U, 7175741824U,
-        7288740224U, 7401741184U, 7514741632U, 7627741568U, 7740739712U,
-        7853739136U, 7966740352U, 8079741568U, 8192739712U, 8305738624U,
-        8418740864U, 8531740288U, 8644740736U, 8757735808U, 8870738816U,
-        8983739264U, 9096740992U, 9209740928U, 9322739584U, 9435741824U,
-        9548741504U, 9661739392U, 9774738304U, 9887741312U, 10000738688U,
-        10113739136U, 10226741632U, 10339739776U, 10452741248U, 10565740928U,
-        10678736512U, 10791734656U, 10904741248U, 11017738112U, 11130741632U,
-        11243741312U, 11356739456U, 11469740416U, 11582734976U, 11695739008U,
-        11808741248U, 11921734784U, 12034739072U, 12147741568U, 12260737408U,
-        12373741696U, 12486738304U, 12599740544U, 12712740224U, 12825741184U,
-        12938736256U, 13051741312U, 13164737408U, 13277738368U, 13390738048U,
-        13503741824U, 13616741504U, 13729737088U, 13842740096U, 13955741312U,
-        14068741504U, 14181740416U, 14294741632U, 14407739776U, 14520740224U,
-        14633740928U, 14746736512U, 14859741824U, 14972740736U, 15085740928U,
-        15198738304U, 15311732096U, 15424740736U, 15537739904U, 15650741632U,
-        15763741568U, 15876737152U, 15989741696U, 16102740608U, 16215741056U,
-        16328741248U, 16441740416U, 16554737792U, 16667740288U, 16780740992U,
-        16893738112U, 17006741632U, 17119739008U, 17232735616U, 17345739392U,
-        17458740352U, 17571736192U, 17684739712U, 17797739392U, 17910740096U,
-        18023741312U, 18136740736U, 18249738112U, 18362738816U, 18475735424U,
-        18588740224U, 18701738368U, 18814736768U, 18927737216U, 19040739968U,
-        19153739648U, 19266736768U, 19379737984U, 19492739456U, 19605738368U,
-        19718740352U, 19831741312U, 19944736384U, 20057741696U, 20170741376U,
-        20283741824U, 20396737408U, 20509741696U, 20622741376U, 20735739008U,
-        20848741504U, 20961740672U, 21074739328U, 21187740032U, 21300739456U,
-        21413741696U, 21526740608U, 21639741824U, 21752737408U, 21865741696U,
-        21978741376U, 22091741824U, 22204738432U, 22317740672U, 22430740096U,
-        22543736704U, 22656741248U, 22769739904U, 22882739584U, 22995740288U,
-        23108740736U, 23221740928U, 23334741376U, 23447737216U, 23560740992U,
-        23673741184U, 23786740864U, 23899737728U, 24012741248U, 24125734784U,
-        24238736512U, 24351741824U, 24464740736U, 24577737088U, 24690741632U,
-        24803739776U, 24916740736U, 25029740416U, 25142740864U, 25255741568U,
-        25368741248U, 25481740672U, 25594741376U, 25707741568U, 25820741504U,
-        25933730432U, 26046739072U, 26159741824U, 26272741504U, 26385740672U,
-        26498740096U, 26611741568U, 26724740992U, 26837739904U, 26950735232U,
-        27063738496U, 27176741248U, 27289741184U, 27402740864U, 27515740544U,
-        27628737152U, 27741740672U, 27854741632U, 27967740544U, 28080739712U,
-        28193738368U, 28306741376U, 28419737728U, 28532739968U, 28645739648U,
-        28758740096U, 28871741312U, 28984739456U, 29097740416U, 29210740864U,
-        29323741312U, 29436740224U, 29549741696U, 29662738304U, 29775741568U,
-        29888741504U, 30001740928U, 30114737024U, 30227735168U, 30340737664U,
-        30453738368U, 30566737024U, 30679733632U, 30792740224U, 30905740928U,
-        31018740352U, 31131740032U, 31244738944U, 31357737344U, 31470741376U,
-        31583740544U, 31696740224U, 31809738112U, 31922739328U, 32035737472U,
-        32148740992U, 32261741696U, 32374740352U, 32487741824U, 32600740736U,
-        32713739648U, 32826740608U, 32939729792U, 33052740992U, 33165740672U,
-        33278739584U, 33391741312U, 33504739712U, 33617740928U, 33730740608U,
-        33843738496U, 33956739968U, 34069741696U, 34182739328U, 34295741824U,
-        34408739968U, 34521740672U, 34634736512U, 34747741568U, 34860741248U,
-        34973739392U, 35086738304U, 35199741056U, 35312736896U, 35425741184U,
-        35538741376U, 35651740288U, 35764737152U, 35877741184U, 35990739584U,
-        36103740544U, 36216740992U, 36329739392U, 36442737536U, 36555741568U,
-        36668740736U, 36781741184U, 36894737024U, 37007741312U, 37120739456U,
-        37233741184U, 37346736256U, 37459736192U, 37572734336U, 37685739904U,
-        37798740352U, 37911737728U, 38024741504U, 38137739648U, 38250740608U,
-        38363741824U, 38476740992U, 38589741184U, 38702740096U, 38815741312U,
-        38928741248U, 39041738368U, 39154739584U, 39267741824U, 39380739712U,
-        39493735808U, 39606741632U, 39719741312U, 39832741504U, 39945739648U,
-        40058740352U, 40171740032U, 40284740992U, 40397740672U, 40510740352U,
-        40623740288U, 40736738176U, 40849737856U, 40962741376U, 41075739776U,
-        41188737664U, 41301735808U, 41414738048U, 41527741312U, 41640740992U,
-        41753739904U, 41866739072U, 41979738496U, 42092740736U, 42205739648U,
-        42318740608U, 42431741312U, 42544738688U, 42657741184U, 42770738048U,
-        42883741568U, 42996741248U, 43109740928U, 43222736512U, 43335741056U,
-        43448730496U, 43561740416U, 43674741632U, 43787740544U, 43900741504U,
-        44013739648U, 44126740864U, 44239740544U, 44352741248U, 44465738368U,
-        44578735232U, 44691739264U, 44804741504U, 44917741696U, 45030741376U,
-        45143741824U, 45256740992U, 45369739136U, 45482740096U, 45595739776U,
-        45708739712U, 45821740672U, 45934741376U, 46047741056U, 46160741248U,
-        46273737088U, 46386740864U, 46499739008U, 46612739968U, 46725735296U,
-        46838740864U, 46951741568U, 47064737152U, 47177741696U, 47290741376U,
-        47403738752U, 47516741248U, 47629739648U, 47742741632U, 47855737984U,
-        47968740224U, 48081738368U, 48194741632U, 48307739264U, 48420739712U,
-        48533739136U, 48646738304U, 48759741824U, 48872741504U, 48985739392U,
-        49098741376U, 49211741056U, 49324740992U, 49437738368U, 49550740864U,
-        49663735424U, 49776737408U, 49889740672U, 50002738816U, 50115738752U,
-        50228739712U, 50341741696U, 50454736768U, 50567738752U, 50680739968U,
-        50793736832U, 50906734976U, 51019741568U, 51132739456U, 51245741696U,
-        51358741376U, 51471741056U, 51584738944U, 51697734272U, 51810739072U,
-        51923736448U, 52036740736U, 52149741184U, 52262737024U, 52375738496U,
-        52488740992U, 52601739136U, 52714740352U, 52827736448U, 52940738176U,
-        53053741696U, 53166740864U, 53279741824U, 53392741504U, 53505739136U,
-        53618739584U, 53731741312U, 53844741248U, 53957741696U, 54070741376U,
-        54183740288U, 54296741504U, 54409741696U, 54522739072U, 54635737472U,
-        54748741504U, 54861736064U, 54974740096U, 55087741568U, 55200733568U,
-        55313741696U, 55426734464U, 55539741056U, 55652741504U, 55765741184U,
-        55878741376U, 55991730304U, 56104740992U, 56217740672U, 56330731648U,
-        56443737472U, 56556724352U, 56669740672U, 56782739072U, 56895740032U,
-        57008741248U, 57121741696U, 57234740096U, 57347741312U, 57460741504U
+//             Sow[i*HashBytes]; j++]]]][[2]][[1]]
+
+
+static const size_t dag_sizes[2048] = {
+        1073739904U, 1082130304U, 1090514816U, 1098906752U, 1107293056U,
+        1115684224U, 1124070016U, 1132461952U, 1140849536U, 1149232768U,
+        1157627776U, 1166013824U, 1174404736U, 1182786944U, 1191180416U,
+        1199568512U, 1207958912U, 1216345216U, 1224732032U, 1233124736U,
+        1241513344U, 1249902464U, 1258290304U, 1266673792U, 1275067264U,
+        1283453312U, 1291844992U, 1300234112U, 1308619904U, 1317010048U,
+        1325397376U, 1333787776U, 1342176128U, 1350561664U, 1358954368U,
+        1367339392U, 1375731584U, 1384118144U, 1392507008U, 1400897408U,
+        1409284736U, 1417673344U, 1426062464U, 1434451072U, 1442839168U,
+        1451229056U, 1459615616U, 1468006016U, 1476394112U, 1484782976U,
+        1493171584U, 1501559168U, 1509948032U, 1518337664U, 1526726528U,
+        1535114624U, 1543503488U, 1551892096U, 1560278656U, 1568669056U,
+        1577056384U, 1585446272U, 1593831296U, 1602219392U, 1610610304U,
+        1619000192U, 1627386752U, 1635773824U, 1644164224U, 1652555648U,
+        1660943488U, 1669332608U, 1677721216U, 1686109312U, 1694497664U,
+        1702886272U, 1711274624U, 1719661184U, 1728047744U, 1736434816U,
+        1744829056U, 1753218944U, 1761606272U, 1769995904U, 1778382464U,
+        1786772864U, 1795157888U, 1803550592U, 1811937664U, 1820327552U,
+        1828711552U, 1837102976U, 1845488768U, 1853879936U, 1862269312U,
+        1870656896U, 1879048064U, 1887431552U, 1895825024U, 1904212096U,
+        1912601216U, 1920988544U, 1929379456U, 1937765504U, 1946156672U,
+        1954543232U, 1962932096U, 1971321728U, 1979707264U, 1988093056U,
+        1996487552U, 2004874624U, 2013262208U, 2021653888U, 2030039936U,
+        2038430848U, 2046819968U, 2055208576U, 2063596672U, 2071981952U,
+        2080373632U, 2088762752U, 2097149056U, 2105539712U, 2113928576U,
+        2122315136U, 2130700672U, 2139092608U, 2147483264U, 2155872128U,
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+        11559500672U, 11567890304U, 11576277376U, 11584667008U, 11593056128U,
+        11601443456U, 11609830016U, 11618221952U, 11626607488U, 11634995072U,
+        11643387776U, 11651775104U, 11660161664U, 11668552576U, 11676940928U,
+        11685330304U, 11693718656U, 11702106496U, 11710496128U, 11718882688U,
+        11727273088U, 11735660416U, 11744050048U, 11752437376U, 11760824704U,
+        11769216128U, 11777604736U, 11785991296U, 11794381952U, 11802770048U,
+        11811157888U, 11819548544U, 11827932544U, 11836324736U, 11844713344U,
+        11853100928U, 11861486464U, 11869879936U, 11878268032U, 11886656896U,
+        11895044992U, 11903433088U, 11911822976U, 11920210816U, 11928600448U,
+        11936987264U, 11945375872U, 11953761152U, 11962151296U, 11970543488U,
+        11978928512U, 11987320448U, 11995708288U, 12004095104U, 12012486272U,
+        12020875136U, 12029255552U, 12037652096U, 12046039168U, 12054429568U,
+        12062813824U, 12071206528U, 12079594624U, 12087983744U, 12096371072U,
+        12104759936U, 12113147264U, 12121534592U, 12129924992U, 12138314624U,
+        12146703232U, 12155091584U, 12163481216U, 12171864704U, 12180255872U,
+        12188643968U, 12197034112U, 12205424512U, 12213811328U, 12222199424U,
+        12230590336U, 12238977664U, 12247365248U, 12255755392U, 12264143488U,
+        12272531584U, 12280920448U, 12289309568U, 12297694592U, 12306086528U,
+        12314475392U, 12322865024U, 12331253632U, 12339640448U, 12348029312U,
+        12356418944U, 12364805248U, 12373196672U, 12381580928U, 12389969024U,
+        12398357632U, 12406750592U, 12415138432U, 12423527552U, 12431916416U,
+        12440304512U, 12448692352U, 12457081216U, 12465467776U, 12473859968U,
+        12482245504U, 12490636672U, 12499025536U, 12507411584U, 12515801728U,
+        12524190592U, 12532577152U, 12540966272U, 12549354368U, 12557743232U,
+        12566129536U, 12574523264U, 12582911872U, 12591299456U, 12599688064U,
+        12608074624U, 12616463488U, 12624845696U, 12633239936U, 12641631616U,
+        12650019968U, 12658407296U, 12666795136U, 12675183232U, 12683574656U,
+        12691960192U, 12700350592U, 12708740224U, 12717128576U, 12725515904U,
+        12733906816U, 12742295168U, 12750680192U, 12759071872U, 12767460736U,
+        12775848832U, 12784236928U, 12792626816U, 12801014656U, 12809404288U,
+        12817789312U, 12826181504U, 12834568832U, 12842954624U, 12851345792U,
+        12859732352U, 12868122496U, 12876512128U, 12884901248U, 12893289088U,
+        12901672832U, 12910067584U, 12918455168U, 12926842496U, 12935232896U,
+        12943620736U, 12952009856U, 12960396928U, 12968786816U, 12977176192U,
+        12985563776U, 12993951104U, 13002341504U, 13010730368U, 13019115392U,
+        13027506304U, 13035895168U, 13044272512U, 13052673152U, 13061062528U,
+        13069446272U, 13077838976U, 13086227072U, 13094613632U, 13103000192U,
+        13111393664U, 13119782528U, 13128157568U, 13136559232U, 13144945024U,
+        13153329536U, 13161724288U, 13170111872U, 13178502784U, 13186884736U,
+        13195279744U, 13203667072U, 13212057472U, 13220445824U, 13228832128U,
+        13237221248U, 13245610624U, 13254000512U, 13262388352U, 13270777472U,
+        13279166336U, 13287553408U, 13295943296U, 13304331904U, 13312719488U,
+        13321108096U, 13329494656U, 13337885824U, 13346274944U, 13354663808U,
+        13363051136U, 13371439232U, 13379825024U, 13388210816U, 13396605056U,
+        13404995456U, 13413380224U, 13421771392U, 13430159744U, 13438546048U,
+        13446937216U, 13455326848U, 13463708288U, 13472103808U, 13480492672U,
+        13488875648U, 13497269888U, 13505657728U, 13514045312U, 13522435712U,
+        13530824576U, 13539210112U, 13547599232U, 13555989376U, 13564379008U,
+        13572766336U, 13581154432U, 13589544832U, 13597932928U, 13606320512U,
+        13614710656U, 13623097472U, 13631477632U, 13639874944U, 13648264064U,
+        13656652928U, 13665041792U, 13673430656U, 13681818496U, 13690207616U,
+        13698595712U, 13706982272U, 13715373184U, 13723762048U, 13732150144U,
+        13740536704U, 13748926592U, 13757316224U, 13765700992U, 13774090112U,
+        13782477952U, 13790869376U, 13799259008U, 13807647872U, 13816036736U,
+        13824425344U, 13832814208U, 13841202304U, 13849591424U, 13857978752U,
+        13866368896U, 13874754688U, 13883145344U, 13891533184U, 13899919232U,
+        13908311168U, 13916692096U, 13925085056U, 13933473152U, 13941866368U,
+        13950253696U, 13958643584U, 13967032192U, 13975417216U, 13983807616U,
+        13992197504U, 14000582272U, 14008973696U, 14017363072U, 14025752192U,
+        14034137984U, 14042528384U, 14050918016U, 14059301504U, 14067691648U,
+        14076083584U, 14084470144U, 14092852352U, 14101249664U, 14109635968U,
+        14118024832U, 14126407552U, 14134804352U, 14143188608U, 14151577984U,
+        14159968384U, 14168357248U, 14176741504U, 14185127296U, 14193521024U,
+        14201911424U, 14210301824U, 14218685056U, 14227067264U, 14235467392U,
+        14243855488U, 14252243072U, 14260630144U, 14269021568U, 14277409408U,
+        14285799296U, 14294187904U, 14302571392U, 14310961792U, 14319353728U,
+        14327738752U, 14336130944U, 14344518784U, 14352906368U, 14361296512U,
+        14369685376U, 14378071424U, 14386462592U, 14394848128U, 14403230848U,
+        14411627392U, 14420013952U, 14428402304U, 14436793472U, 14445181568U,
+        14453569664U, 14461959808U, 14470347904U, 14478737024U, 14487122816U,
+        14495511424U, 14503901824U, 14512291712U, 14520677504U, 14529064832U,
+        14537456768U, 14545845632U, 14554234496U, 14562618496U, 14571011456U,
+        14579398784U, 14587789184U, 14596172672U, 14604564608U, 14612953984U,
+        14621341312U, 14629724288U, 14638120832U, 14646503296U, 14654897536U,
+        14663284864U, 14671675264U, 14680061056U, 14688447616U, 14696835968U,
+        14705228416U, 14713616768U, 14722003328U, 14730392192U, 14738784128U,
+        14747172736U, 14755561088U, 14763947648U, 14772336512U, 14780725376U,
+        14789110144U, 14797499776U, 14805892736U, 14814276992U, 14822670208U,
+        14831056256U, 14839444352U, 14847836032U, 14856222848U, 14864612992U,
+        14872997504U, 14881388672U, 14889775744U, 14898165376U, 14906553472U,
+        14914944896U, 14923329664U, 14931721856U, 14940109696U, 14948497024U,
+        14956887424U, 14965276544U, 14973663616U, 14982053248U, 14990439808U,
+        14998830976U, 15007216768U, 15015605888U, 15023995264U, 15032385152U,
+        15040768384U, 15049154944U, 15057549184U, 15065939072U, 15074328448U,
+        15082715008U, 15091104128U, 15099493504U, 15107879296U, 15116269184U,
+        15124659584U, 15133042304U, 15141431936U, 15149824384U, 15158214272U,
+        15166602368U, 15174991232U, 15183378304U, 15191760512U, 15200154496U,
+        15208542592U, 15216931712U, 15225323392U, 15233708416U, 15242098048U,
+        15250489216U, 15258875264U, 15267265408U, 15275654528U, 15284043136U,
+        15292431488U, 15300819584U, 15309208192U, 15317596544U, 15325986176U,
+        15334374784U, 15342763648U, 15351151744U, 15359540608U, 15367929728U,
+        15376318336U, 15384706432U, 15393092992U, 15401481856U, 15409869952U,
+        15418258816U, 15426649984U, 15435037568U, 15443425664U, 15451815296U,
+        15460203392U, 15468589184U, 15476979328U, 15485369216U, 15493755776U,
+        15502146944U, 15510534272U, 15518924416U, 15527311232U, 15535699072U,
+        15544089472U, 15552478336U, 15560866688U, 15569254528U, 15577642624U,
+        15586031488U, 15594419072U, 15602809472U, 15611199104U, 15619586432U,
+        15627975296U, 15636364928U, 15644753792U, 15653141888U, 15661529216U,
+        15669918848U, 15678305152U, 15686696576U, 15695083136U, 15703474048U,
+        15711861632U, 15720251264U, 15728636288U, 15737027456U, 15745417088U,
+        15753804928U, 15762194048U, 15770582656U, 15778971008U, 15787358336U,
+        15795747712U, 15804132224U, 15812523392U, 15820909696U, 15829300096U,
+        15837691264U, 15846071936U, 15854466944U, 15862855808U, 15871244672U,
+        15879634816U, 15888020608U, 15896409728U, 15904799104U, 15913185152U,
+        15921577088U, 15929966464U, 15938354816U, 15946743424U, 15955129472U,
+        15963519872U, 15971907968U, 15980296064U, 15988684928U, 15997073024U,
+        16005460864U, 16013851264U, 16022241152U, 16030629248U, 16039012736U,
+        16047406976U, 16055794816U, 16064181376U, 16072571264U, 16080957824U,
+        16089346688U, 16097737856U, 16106125184U, 16114514816U, 16122904192U,
+        16131292544U, 16139678848U, 16148066944U, 16156453504U, 16164839552U,
+        16173236096U, 16181623424U, 16190012032U, 16198401152U, 16206790528U,
+        16215177344U, 16223567744U, 16231956352U, 16240344704U, 16248731008U,
+        16257117824U, 16265504384U, 16273898624U, 16282281856U, 16290668672U,
+        16299064192U, 16307449216U, 16315842176U, 16324230016U, 16332613504U,
+        16341006464U, 16349394304U, 16357783168U, 16366172288U, 16374561664U,
+        16382951296U, 16391337856U, 16399726208U, 16408116352U, 16416505472U,
+        16424892032U, 16433282176U, 16441668224U, 16450058624U, 16458448768U,
+        16466836864U, 16475224448U, 16483613056U, 16492001408U, 16500391808U,
+        16508779648U, 16517166976U, 16525555328U, 16533944192U, 16542330752U,
+        16550719616U, 16559110528U, 16567497088U, 16575888512U, 16584274816U,
+        16592665472U, 16601051008U, 16609442944U, 16617832064U, 16626218624U,
+        16634607488U, 16642996096U, 16651385728U, 16659773824U, 16668163712U,
+        16676552576U, 16684938112U, 16693328768U, 16701718144U, 16710095488U,
+        16718492288U, 16726883968U, 16735272832U, 16743661184U, 16752049792U,
+        16760436608U, 16768827008U, 16777214336U, 16785599104U, 16793992832U,
+        16802381696U, 16810768768U, 16819151744U, 16827542656U, 16835934848U,
+        16844323712U, 16852711552U, 16861101952U, 16869489536U, 16877876864U,
+        16886265728U, 16894653056U, 16903044736U, 16911431296U, 16919821696U,
+        16928207488U, 16936592768U, 16944987776U, 16953375616U, 16961763968U,
+        16970152832U, 16978540928U, 16986929536U, 16995319168U, 17003704448U,
+        17012096896U, 17020481152U, 17028870784U, 17037262208U, 17045649536U,
+        17054039936U, 17062426496U, 17070814336U, 17079205504U, 17087592064U,
+        17095978112U, 17104369024U, 17112759424U, 17121147776U, 17129536384U,
+        17137926016U, 17146314368U, 17154700928U, 17163089792U, 17171480192U,
+        17179864192U, 17188256896U, 17196644992U, 17205033856U, 17213423488U,
+        17221811072U, 17230198912U, 17238588032U, 17246976896U, 17255360384U,
+        17263754624U, 17272143232U, 17280530048U, 17288918912U, 17297309312U,
+        17305696384U, 17314085504U, 17322475136U, 17330863744U, 17339252096U,
+        17347640192U, 17356026496U, 17364413824U, 17372796544U, 17381190016U,
+        17389583488U, 17397972608U, 17406360704U, 17414748544U, 17423135872U,
+        17431527296U, 17439915904U, 17448303232U, 17456691584U, 17465081728U,
+        17473468288U, 17481857408U, 17490247552U, 17498635904U, 17507022464U,
+        17515409024U, 17523801728U, 17532189824U, 17540577664U, 17548966016U,
+        17557353344U, 17565741184U, 17574131584U, 17582519168U, 17590907008U,
+        17599296128U, 17607687808U, 17616076672U, 17624455808U, 17632852352U,
+        17641238656U, 17649630848U, 17658018944U, 17666403968U, 17674794112U,
+        17683178368U, 17691573376U, 17699962496U, 17708350592U, 17716739968U,
+        17725126528U, 17733517184U, 17741898112U, 17750293888U, 17758673024U,
+        17767070336U, 17775458432U, 17783848832U, 17792236928U, 17800625536U,
+        17809012352U, 17817402752U, 17825785984U, 17834178944U, 17842563968U,
+        17850955648U, 17859344512U, 17867732864U, 17876119424U, 17884511872U,
+        17892900224U, 17901287296U, 17909677696U, 17918058112U, 17926451072U,
+        17934843776U, 17943230848U, 17951609216U, 17960008576U, 17968397696U,
+        17976784256U, 17985175424U, 17993564032U, 18001952128U, 18010339712U,
+        18018728576U, 18027116672U, 18035503232U, 18043894144U, 18052283264U,
+        18060672128U, 18069056384U, 18077449856U, 18085837184U, 18094225792U,
+        18102613376U, 18111004544U, 18119388544U, 18127781248U, 18136170368U,
+        18144558976U, 18152947328U, 18161336192U, 18169724288U, 18178108544U,
+        18186498944U, 18194886784U, 18203275648U, 18211666048U, 18220048768U,
+        18228444544U, 18236833408U, 18245220736U
 };

-// 500 Epochs worth of tabulated DAG sizes (~3.5 Years)

 // Generated with the following Mathematica Code:
+
 // GetCacheSizes[n_] := Module[{
-//        DAGSizeBytesInit = 2^30,
+//         DataSetSizeBytesInit = 2^30,
 //         MixBytes = 128,
-//        DAGGrowth = 113000000,
+//         DataSetGrowth = 2^23,
 //         HashBytes = 64,
-//        DAGParents = 1024,
+//         CacheMultiplier = 1024,
 //         j = 0},
 //     Reap[
 //       While[j < n,
-//       Module[{i = Floor[(DAGSizeBytesInit + DAGGrowth * j) / (DAGParents * HashBytes)]},
+//        Module[{i = Floor[(DataSetSizeBytesInit + DataSetGrowth * j) / (CacheMultiplier * HashBytes)]},
 //         While[! PrimeQ[i], i--];
 //         Sow[i*HashBytes]; j++]]]][[2]][[1]]

-const size_t cache_sizes[] = {
-        1048384U, 1158208U, 1268416U, 1377856U, 1489856U, 1599296U, 1710656U,
-        1820608U, 1930816U, 2041024U, 2151872U, 2261696U, 2371904U, 2482624U,
-        2593216U, 2703296U, 2814016U, 2924224U, 3034816U, 3144896U, 3255488U,
-        3365312U, 3475904U, 3586624U, 3696064U, 3806272U, 3917504U, 4027456U,
-        4138304U, 4248512U, 4359104U, 4469312U, 4579264U, 4689728U, 4797376U,
-        4909888U, 5020096U, 5131328U, 5241664U, 5351744U, 5461312U, 5572544U,
-        5683264U, 5793472U, 5903552U, 6014144U, 6121664U, 6235072U, 6344896U,
-        6454592U, 6565952U, 6675904U, 6786112U, 6896704U, 7006784U, 7117888U,
-        7228096U, 7338304U, 7448768U, 7557952U, 7669184U, 7779776U, 7889216U,
-        8000192U, 8110912U, 8220736U, 8331712U, 8441536U, 8552384U, 8662592U,
-        8772928U, 8883136U, 8993728U, 9103168U, 9214528U, 9323968U, 9434816U,
-        9545152U, 9655616U, 9766336U, 9876544U, 9986624U, 10097344U, 10207424U,
-        10316864U, 10427968U, 10538432U, 10649152U, 10758976U, 10869568U, 10979776U,
-        11089472U, 11200832U, 11309632U, 11420608U, 11531584U, 11641792U, 11751104U,
-        11862976U, 11973184U, 12083264U, 12193856U, 12304064U, 12414656U, 12524608U,
-        12635072U, 12745792U, 12855616U, 12965824U, 13076416U, 13187008U, 13297216U,
-        13407808U, 13518016U, 13627072U, 13738688U, 13848256U, 13959488U, 14069696U,
-        14180288U, 14290624U, 14399552U, 14511424U, 14621504U, 14732096U, 14841664U,
-        14951744U, 15062336U, 15172672U, 15283264U, 15393088U, 15504448U, 15614272U,
-        15723712U, 15834944U, 15945152U, 16055744U, 16165696U, 16277056U, 16387136U,
-        16494784U, 16607936U, 16718272U, 16828736U, 16938176U, 17048384U, 17159872U,
-        17266624U, 17380544U, 17490496U, 17600192U, 17711296U, 17821376U, 17931968U,
-        18041152U, 18152896U, 18261952U, 18373568U, 18483392U, 18594112U, 18703936U,
-        18814912U, 18924992U, 19034944U, 19145408U, 19256128U, 19366208U, 19477184U,
-        19587136U, 19696576U, 19808192U, 19916992U, 20028352U, 20137664U, 20249024U,
-        20358848U, 20470336U, 20580544U, 20689472U, 20801344U, 20911424U, 21020096U,
-        21130688U, 21242176U, 21352384U, 21462208U, 21573824U, 21683392U, 21794624U,
-        21904448U, 22013632U, 22125248U, 22235968U, 22344512U, 22456768U, 22566848U,
-        22677056U, 22786496U, 22897984U, 23008064U, 23118272U, 23228992U, 23338816U,
-        23449408U, 23560256U, 23670464U, 23780672U, 23891264U, 24001216U, 24110656U,
-        24221888U, 24332608U, 24442688U, 24552512U, 24662464U, 24773696U, 24884032U,
-        24994496U, 25105216U, 25215296U, 25324864U, 25435712U, 25546432U, 25655744U,
-        25767232U, 25876672U, 25986368U, 26098112U, 26207936U, 26318912U, 26428736U,
-        26539712U, 26650048U, 26760256U, 26869184U, 26979776U, 27091136U, 27201728U,
-        27311552U, 27422272U, 27532352U, 27642304U, 27752896U, 27863744U, 27973952U,
-        28082752U, 28194752U, 28305344U, 28415168U, 28524992U, 28636352U, 28746304U,
-        28857152U, 28967104U, 29077184U, 29187904U, 29298496U, 29408576U, 29518912U,
-        29628992U, 29739968U, 29850176U, 29960512U, 30070336U, 30180544U, 30290752U,
-        30398912U, 30512192U, 30622784U, 30732992U, 30842176U, 30953536U, 31063744U,
-        31174336U, 31284544U, 31395136U, 31504448U, 31615552U, 31725632U, 31835072U,
-        31946176U, 32057024U, 32167232U, 32277568U, 32387008U, 32497984U, 32608832U,
-        32719168U, 32829376U, 32939584U, 33050048U, 33160768U, 33271232U, 33381184U,
-        33491648U, 33601856U, 33712576U, 33822016U, 33932992U, 34042816U, 34153024U,
-        34263104U, 34373824U, 34485056U, 34594624U, 34704832U, 34816064U, 34926272U,
-        35036224U, 35146816U, 35255104U, 35367104U, 35478208U, 35588416U, 35698496U,
-        35808832U, 35918656U, 36029888U, 36139456U, 36250688U, 36360512U, 36471104U,
-        36581696U, 36691136U, 36802112U, 36912448U, 37022912U, 37132864U, 37242944U,
-        37354048U, 37464512U, 37574848U, 37684928U, 37794752U, 37904704U, 38015552U,
-        38125888U, 38236864U, 38345792U, 38457152U, 38567744U, 38678336U, 38787776U,
-        38897216U, 39009088U, 39117632U, 39230144U, 39340352U, 39450304U, 39560384U,
-        39671488U, 39781312U, 39891392U, 40002112U, 40112704U, 40223168U, 40332608U,
-        40443968U, 40553792U, 40664768U, 40774208U, 40884416U, 40993984U, 41105984U,
-        41215424U, 41326528U, 41436992U, 41546048U, 41655872U, 41768128U, 41878336U,
-        41988928U, 42098752U, 42209344U, 42319168U, 42429248U, 42540352U, 42649792U,
-        42761024U, 42871616U, 42981824U, 43092032U, 43201856U, 43312832U, 43423552U,
-        43533632U, 43643584U, 43753792U, 43864384U, 43974976U, 44084032U, 44195392U,
-        44306368U, 44415296U, 44526016U, 44637248U, 44746816U, 44858048U, 44967872U,
-        45078848U, 45188288U, 45299264U, 45409216U, 45518272U, 45630272U, 45740224U,
-        45850432U, 45960896U, 46069696U, 46182208U, 46292416U, 46402624U, 46512064U,
-        46623296U, 46733888U, 46843712U, 46953664U, 47065024U, 47175104U, 47285696U,
-        47395904U, 47506496U, 47615296U, 47726912U, 47837632U, 47947712U, 48055232U,
-        48168128U, 48277952U, 48387392U, 48499648U, 48609472U, 48720064U, 48830272U,
-        48940096U, 49050944U, 49160896U, 49271744U, 49381568U, 49492288U, 49602752U,
-        49712576U, 49822016U, 49934272U, 50042816U, 50154304U, 50264128U, 50374336U,
-        50484416U, 50596288U, 50706752U, 50816704U, 50927168U, 51035456U, 51146944U,
-        51258176U, 51366976U, 51477824U, 51589568U, 51699776U, 51809728U, 51920576U,
-        52030016U, 52140736U, 52251328U, 52361152U, 52470592U, 52582592U, 52691776U,
-        52803136U, 52912576U, 53020736U, 53132224U, 53242688U, 53354816U, 53465536U,
-        53575232U, 53685568U, 53796544U, 53906752U, 54016832U, 54126656U, 54236992U,
-        54347456U, 54457408U, 54569024U, 54679232U, 54789184U, 54899776U, 55008832U,
-        55119296U, 55231168U, 55341248U, 55451584U, 55562048U, 55672256U, 55782208U,
-        55893184U, 56002112U, 56113216U
+const size_t cache_sizes[2048] = {
+        16776896U, 16907456U, 17039296U, 17170112U, 17301056U, 17432512U, 17563072U,
+        17693888U, 17824192U, 17955904U, 18087488U, 18218176U, 18349504U, 18481088U,
+        18611392U, 18742336U, 18874304U, 19004224U, 19135936U, 19267264U, 19398208U,
+        19529408U, 19660096U, 19791424U, 19922752U, 20053952U, 20184896U, 20315968U,
+        20446912U, 20576576U, 20709184U, 20840384U, 20971072U, 21102272U, 21233216U,
+        21364544U, 21494848U, 21626816U, 21757376U, 21887552U, 22019392U, 22151104U,
+        22281536U, 22412224U, 22543936U, 22675264U, 22806464U, 22935872U, 23068096U,
+        23198272U, 23330752U, 23459008U, 23592512U, 23723968U, 23854912U, 23986112U,
+        24116672U, 24247616U, 24378688U, 24509504U, 24640832U, 24772544U, 24903488U,
+        25034432U, 25165376U, 25296704U, 25427392U, 25558592U, 25690048U, 25820096U,
+        25951936U, 26081728U, 26214208U, 26345024U, 26476096U, 26606656U, 26737472U,
+        26869184U, 26998208U, 27131584U, 27262528U, 27393728U, 27523904U, 27655744U,
+        27786688U, 27917888U, 28049344U, 28179904U, 28311488U, 28441792U, 28573504U,
+        28700864U, 28835648U, 28966208U, 29096768U, 29228608U, 29359808U, 29490752U,
+        29621824U, 29752256U, 29882816U, 30014912U, 30144448U, 30273728U, 30406976U,
+        30538432U, 30670784U, 30799936U, 30932672U, 31063744U, 31195072U, 31325248U,
+        31456192U, 31588288U, 31719232U, 31850432U, 31981504U, 32110784U, 32243392U,
+        32372672U, 32505664U, 32636608U, 32767808U, 32897344U, 33029824U, 33160768U,
+        33289664U, 33423296U, 33554368U, 33683648U, 33816512U, 33947456U, 34076992U,
+        34208704U, 34340032U, 34471744U, 34600256U, 34734016U, 34864576U, 34993984U,
+        35127104U, 35258176U, 35386688U, 35518528U, 35650624U, 35782336U, 35910976U,
+        36044608U, 36175808U, 36305728U, 36436672U, 36568384U, 36699968U, 36830656U,
+        36961984U, 37093312U, 37223488U, 37355072U, 37486528U, 37617472U, 37747904U,
+        37879232U, 38009792U, 38141888U, 38272448U, 38403392U, 38535104U, 38660672U,
+        38795584U, 38925632U, 39059264U, 39190336U, 39320768U, 39452096U, 39581632U,
+        39713984U, 39844928U, 39974848U, 40107968U, 40238144U, 40367168U, 40500032U,
+        40631744U, 40762816U, 40894144U, 41023552U, 41155904U, 41286208U, 41418304U,
+        41547712U, 41680448U, 41811904U, 41942848U, 42073792U, 42204992U, 42334912U,
+        42467008U, 42597824U, 42729152U, 42860096U, 42991552U, 43122368U, 43253696U,
+        43382848U, 43515712U, 43646912U, 43777088U, 43907648U, 44039104U, 44170432U,
+        44302144U, 44433344U, 44564288U, 44694976U, 44825152U, 44956864U, 45088448U,
+        45219008U, 45350464U, 45481024U, 45612608U, 45744064U, 45874496U, 46006208U,
+        46136768U, 46267712U, 46399424U, 46529344U, 46660672U, 46791488U, 46923328U,
+        47053504U, 47185856U, 47316928U, 47447872U, 47579072U, 47710144U, 47839936U,
+        47971648U, 48103232U, 48234176U, 48365248U, 48496192U, 48627136U, 48757312U,
+        48889664U, 49020736U, 49149248U, 49283008U, 49413824U, 49545152U, 49675712U,
+        49807168U, 49938368U, 50069056U, 50200256U, 50331584U, 50462656U, 50593472U,
+        50724032U, 50853952U, 50986048U, 51117632U, 51248576U, 51379904U, 51510848U,
+        51641792U, 51773248U, 51903296U, 52035136U, 52164032U, 52297664U, 52427968U,
+        52557376U, 52690112U, 52821952U, 52952896U, 53081536U, 53213504U, 53344576U,
+        53475776U, 53608384U, 53738816U, 53870528U, 54000832U, 54131776U, 54263744U,
+        54394688U, 54525248U, 54655936U, 54787904U, 54918592U, 55049152U, 55181248U,
+        55312064U, 55442752U, 55574336U, 55705024U, 55836224U, 55967168U, 56097856U,
+        56228672U, 56358592U, 56490176U, 56621888U, 56753728U, 56884928U, 57015488U,
+        57146816U, 57278272U, 57409216U, 57540416U, 57671104U, 57802432U, 57933632U,
+        58064576U, 58195264U, 58326976U, 58457408U, 58588864U, 58720192U, 58849984U,
+        58981696U, 59113024U, 59243456U, 59375552U, 59506624U, 59637568U, 59768512U,
+        59897792U, 60030016U, 60161984U, 60293056U, 60423872U, 60554432U, 60683968U,
+        60817216U, 60948032U, 61079488U, 61209664U, 61341376U, 61471936U, 61602752U,
+        61733696U, 61865792U, 61996736U, 62127808U, 62259136U, 62389568U, 62520512U,
+        62651584U, 62781632U, 62910784U, 63045056U, 63176128U, 63307072U, 63438656U,
+        63569216U, 63700928U, 63831616U, 63960896U, 64093888U, 64225088U, 64355392U,
+        64486976U, 64617664U, 64748608U, 64879424U, 65009216U, 65142464U, 65273792U,
+        65402816U, 65535424U, 65666752U, 65797696U, 65927744U, 66060224U, 66191296U,
+        66321344U, 66453056U, 66584384U, 66715328U, 66846656U, 66977728U, 67108672U,
+        67239104U, 67370432U, 67501888U, 67631296U, 67763776U, 67895104U, 68026304U,
+        68157248U, 68287936U, 68419264U, 68548288U, 68681408U, 68811968U, 68942912U,
+        69074624U, 69205568U, 69337024U, 69467584U, 69599168U, 69729472U, 69861184U,
+        69989824U, 70122944U, 70253888U, 70385344U, 70515904U, 70647232U, 70778816U,
+        70907968U, 71040832U, 71171648U, 71303104U, 71432512U, 71564992U, 71695168U,
+        71826368U, 71958464U, 72089536U, 72219712U, 72350144U, 72482624U, 72613568U,
+        72744512U, 72875584U, 73006144U, 73138112U, 73268672U, 73400128U, 73530944U,
+        73662272U, 73793344U, 73924544U, 74055104U, 74185792U, 74316992U, 74448832U,
+        74579392U, 74710976U, 74841664U, 74972864U, 75102784U, 75233344U, 75364544U,
+        75497024U, 75627584U, 75759296U, 75890624U, 76021696U, 76152256U, 76283072U,
+        76414144U, 76545856U, 76676672U, 76806976U, 76937792U, 77070016U, 77200832U,
+        77331392U, 77462464U, 77593664U, 77725376U, 77856448U, 77987776U, 78118336U,
+        78249664U, 78380992U, 78511424U, 78642496U, 78773056U, 78905152U, 79033664U,
+        79166656U, 79297472U, 79429568U, 79560512U, 79690816U, 79822784U, 79953472U,
+        80084672U, 80214208U, 80346944U, 80477632U, 80608576U, 80740288U, 80870848U,
+        81002048U, 81133504U, 81264448U, 81395648U, 81525952U, 81657536U, 81786304U,
+        81919808U, 82050112U, 82181312U, 82311616U, 82443968U, 82573376U, 82705984U,
+        82835776U, 82967744U, 83096768U, 83230528U, 83359552U, 83491264U, 83622464U,
+        83753536U, 83886016U, 84015296U, 84147776U, 84277184U, 84409792U, 84540608U,
+        84672064U, 84803008U, 84934336U, 85065152U, 85193792U, 85326784U, 85458496U,
+        85589312U, 85721024U, 85851968U, 85982656U, 86112448U, 86244416U, 86370112U,
+        86506688U, 86637632U, 86769344U, 86900672U, 87031744U, 87162304U, 87293632U,
+        87424576U, 87555392U, 87687104U, 87816896U, 87947968U, 88079168U, 88211264U,
+        88341824U, 88473152U, 88603712U, 88735424U, 88862912U, 88996672U, 89128384U,
+        89259712U, 89390272U, 89521984U, 89652544U, 89783872U, 89914816U, 90045376U,
+        90177088U, 90307904U, 90438848U, 90569152U, 90700096U, 90832832U, 90963776U,
+        91093696U, 91223744U, 91356992U, 91486784U, 91618496U, 91749824U, 91880384U,
+        92012224U, 92143552U, 92273344U, 92405696U, 92536768U, 92666432U, 92798912U,
+        92926016U, 93060544U, 93192128U, 93322816U, 93453632U, 93583936U, 93715136U,
+        93845056U, 93977792U, 94109504U, 94240448U, 94371776U, 94501184U, 94632896U,
+        94764224U, 94895552U, 95023424U, 95158208U, 95287744U, 95420224U, 95550016U,
+        95681216U, 95811904U, 95943872U, 96075328U, 96203584U, 96337856U, 96468544U,
+        96599744U, 96731072U, 96860992U, 96992576U, 97124288U, 97254848U, 97385536U,
+        97517248U, 97647808U, 97779392U, 97910464U, 98041408U, 98172608U, 98303168U,
+        98434496U, 98565568U, 98696768U, 98827328U, 98958784U, 99089728U, 99220928U,
+        99352384U, 99482816U, 99614272U, 99745472U, 99876416U, 100007104U,
+        100138048U, 100267072U, 100401088U, 100529984U, 100662592U, 100791872U,
+        100925248U, 101056064U, 101187392U, 101317952U, 101449408U, 101580608U,
+        101711296U, 101841728U, 101973824U, 102104896U, 102235712U, 102366016U,
+        102498112U, 102628672U, 102760384U, 102890432U, 103021888U, 103153472U,
+        103284032U, 103415744U, 103545152U, 103677248U, 103808576U, 103939648U,
+        104070976U, 104201792U, 104332736U, 104462528U, 104594752U, 104725952U,
+        104854592U, 104988608U, 105118912U, 105247808U, 105381184U, 105511232U,
+        105643072U, 105774784U, 105903296U, 106037056U, 106167872U, 106298944U,
+        106429504U, 106561472U, 106691392U, 106822592U, 106954304U, 107085376U,
+        107216576U, 107346368U, 107478464U, 107609792U, 107739712U, 107872192U,
+        108003136U, 108131392U, 108265408U, 108396224U, 108527168U, 108657344U,
+        108789568U, 108920384U, 109049792U, 109182272U, 109312576U, 109444928U,
+        109572928U, 109706944U, 109837888U, 109969088U, 110099648U, 110230976U,
+        110362432U, 110492992U, 110624704U, 110755264U, 110886208U, 111017408U,
+        111148864U, 111279296U, 111410752U, 111541952U, 111673024U, 111803456U,
+        111933632U, 112066496U, 112196416U, 112328512U, 112457792U, 112590784U,
+        112715968U, 112852672U, 112983616U, 113114944U, 113244224U, 113376448U,
+        113505472U, 113639104U, 113770304U, 113901376U, 114031552U, 114163264U,
+        114294592U, 114425536U, 114556864U, 114687424U, 114818624U, 114948544U,
+        115080512U, 115212224U, 115343296U, 115473472U, 115605184U, 115736128U,
+        115867072U, 115997248U, 116128576U, 116260288U, 116391488U, 116522944U,
+        116652992U, 116784704U, 116915648U, 117046208U, 117178304U, 117308608U,
+        117440192U, 117569728U, 117701824U, 117833024U, 117964096U, 118094656U,
+        118225984U, 118357312U, 118489024U, 118617536U, 118749632U, 118882112U,
+        119012416U, 119144384U, 119275328U, 119406016U, 119537344U, 119668672U,
+        119798464U, 119928896U, 120061376U, 120192832U, 120321728U, 120454336U,
+        120584512U, 120716608U, 120848192U, 120979136U, 121109056U, 121241408U,
+        121372352U, 121502912U, 121634752U, 121764416U, 121895744U, 122027072U,
+        122157632U, 122289088U, 122421184U, 122550592U, 122682944U, 122813888U,
+        122945344U, 123075776U, 123207488U, 123338048U, 123468736U, 123600704U,
+        123731264U, 123861952U, 123993664U, 124124608U, 124256192U, 124386368U,
+        124518208U, 124649024U, 124778048U, 124911296U, 125041088U, 125173696U,
+        125303744U, 125432896U, 125566912U, 125696576U, 125829056U, 125958592U,
+        126090304U, 126221248U, 126352832U, 126483776U, 126615232U, 126746432U,
+        126876608U, 127008704U, 127139392U, 127270336U, 127401152U, 127532224U,
+        127663552U, 127794752U, 127925696U, 128055232U, 128188096U, 128319424U,
+        128449856U, 128581312U, 128712256U, 128843584U, 128973632U, 129103808U,
+        129236288U, 129365696U, 129498944U, 129629888U, 129760832U, 129892288U,
+        130023104U, 130154048U, 130283968U, 130416448U, 130547008U, 130678336U,
+        130807616U, 130939456U, 131071552U, 131202112U, 131331776U, 131464384U,
+        131594048U, 131727296U, 131858368U, 131987392U, 132120256U, 132250816U,
+        132382528U, 132513728U, 132644672U, 132774976U, 132905792U, 133038016U,
+        133168832U, 133299392U, 133429312U, 133562048U, 133692992U, 133823296U,
+        133954624U, 134086336U, 134217152U, 134348608U, 134479808U, 134607296U,
+        134741056U, 134872384U, 135002944U, 135134144U, 135265472U, 135396544U,
+        135527872U, 135659072U, 135787712U, 135921472U, 136052416U, 136182848U,
+        136313792U, 136444864U, 136576448U, 136707904U, 136837952U, 136970048U,
+        137099584U, 137232064U, 137363392U, 137494208U, 137625536U, 137755712U,
+        137887424U, 138018368U, 138149824U, 138280256U, 138411584U, 138539584U,
+        138672832U, 138804928U, 138936128U, 139066688U, 139196864U, 139328704U,
+        139460032U, 139590208U, 139721024U, 139852864U, 139984576U, 140115776U,
+        140245696U, 140376512U, 140508352U, 140640064U, 140769856U, 140902336U,
+        141032768U, 141162688U, 141294016U, 141426496U, 141556544U, 141687488U,
+        141819584U, 141949888U, 142080448U, 142212544U, 142342336U, 142474432U,
+        142606144U, 142736192U, 142868288U, 142997824U, 143129408U, 143258944U,
+        143392448U, 143523136U, 143653696U, 143785024U, 143916992U, 144045632U,
+        144177856U, 144309184U, 144440768U, 144570688U, 144701888U, 144832448U,
+        144965056U, 145096384U, 145227584U, 145358656U, 145489856U, 145620928U,
+        145751488U, 145883072U, 146011456U, 146144704U, 146275264U, 146407232U,
+        146538176U, 146668736U, 146800448U, 146931392U, 147062336U, 147193664U,
+        147324224U, 147455936U, 147586624U, 147717056U, 147848768U, 147979456U,
+        148110784U, 148242368U, 148373312U, 148503232U, 148635584U, 148766144U,
+        148897088U, 149028416U, 149159488U, 149290688U, 149420224U, 149551552U,
+        149683136U, 149814976U, 149943616U, 150076352U, 150208064U, 150338624U,
+        150470464U, 150600256U, 150732224U, 150862784U, 150993088U, 151125952U,
+        151254976U, 151388096U, 151519168U, 151649728U, 151778752U, 151911104U,
+        152042944U, 152174144U, 152304704U, 152435648U, 152567488U, 152698816U,
+        152828992U, 152960576U, 153091648U, 153222976U, 153353792U, 153484096U,
+        153616192U, 153747008U, 153878336U, 154008256U, 154139968U, 154270912U,
+        154402624U, 154533824U, 154663616U, 154795712U, 154926272U, 155057984U,
+        155188928U, 155319872U, 155450816U, 155580608U, 155712064U, 155843392U,
+        155971136U, 156106688U, 156237376U, 156367424U, 156499264U, 156630976U,
+        156761536U, 156892352U, 157024064U, 157155008U, 157284416U, 157415872U,
+        157545536U, 157677248U, 157810496U, 157938112U, 158071744U, 158203328U,
+        158334656U, 158464832U, 158596288U, 158727616U, 158858048U, 158988992U,
+        159121216U, 159252416U, 159381568U, 159513152U, 159645632U, 159776192U,
+        159906496U, 160038464U, 160169536U, 160300352U, 160430656U, 160563008U,
+        160693952U, 160822208U, 160956352U, 161086784U, 161217344U, 161349184U,
+        161480512U, 161611456U, 161742272U, 161873216U, 162002752U, 162135872U,
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+        284163136U, 284294848U, 284426176U, 284556992U, 284687296U, 284819264U,
+        284950208U, 285081536U
 };

 #ifdef __cplusplus
--- a/libethash/ethash.h
+++ b/libethash/ethash.h
@ -1,19 +1,20 @@
 /*
-  This file is part of cpp-ethereum.
+  This file is part of ethash.

-  cpp-ethereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  ethash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
  (at your option) any later version.

-  cpp-ethereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  ethash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  GNU General Public License for more details.

  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with cpp-ethereum.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+  along with ethash.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
+
 /** @file ethash.h
 * @date 2015
 */
@ -25,26 +26,17 @@
 #include <stddef.h>
 #include "compiler.h"

-#define ETHASH_REVISION 19
-#define ETHASH_DAGSIZE_BYTES_INIT 1073741824U // 2**30
-#define ETHASH_DAG_GROWTH 113000000U
-#define ETHASH_EPOCH_LENGTH 30000U
-#define ETHASH_MIX_BYTES 128
-#define ETHASH_DAG_PARENTS 256
-#define ETHASH_CACHE_ROUNDS 3
-#define ETHASH_ACCESSES 64
-
-// *********************
-// TODO: Remove once other code moved over to compliant naming scheme.
-#define REVISION 19
-#define DAGSIZE_BYTES_INIT 1073741824U // 2**30
-#define DAG_GROWTH 113000000U
+#define REVISION 23
+#define DATASET_BYTES_INIT 1073741824U // 2**30
+#define DATASET_BYTES_GROWTH 8388608U  // 2**23
+#define CACHE_BYTES_INIT 1073741824U // 2**24
+#define CACHE_BYTES_GROWTH 131072U  // 2**17
 #define EPOCH_LENGTH 30000U
 #define MIX_BYTES 128
-#define DAG_PARENTS 256
+#define HASH_BYTES 64
+#define DATASET_PARENTS 256
 #define CACHE_ROUNDS 3
 #define ACCESSES 64
-// *********************

 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
@ -77,12 +69,31 @@ void ethash_mkcache(ethash_cache *cache, ethash_params const *params, const uint
 void ethash_compute_full_data(void *mem, ethash_params const *params, ethash_cache const *cache);
 void ethash_full(ethash_return_value *ret, void const *full_mem, ethash_params const *params, const uint8_t header_hash[32], const uint64_t nonce);
 void ethash_light(ethash_return_value *ret, ethash_cache const *cache, ethash_params const *params, const uint8_t header_hash[32], const uint64_t nonce);
+void ethash_get_seedhash(uint8_t seedhash[32], const uint32_t block_number);
+
+static inline void ethash_prep_light(void *cache, ethash_params const *params, const uint8_t seed[32]) {
+    ethash_cache c;
+    c.mem = cache;
+    ethash_mkcache(&c, params, seed);
+}
+
+static inline void ethash_compute_light(ethash_return_value *ret, void const *cache, ethash_params const *params, const uint8_t header_hash[32], const uint64_t nonce) {
+    ethash_cache c;
+    c.mem = (void *) cache;
+    ethash_light(ret, &c, params, header_hash, nonce);
+}
+
+static inline void ethash_prep_full(void *full, ethash_params const *params, void const *cache) {
+    ethash_cache c;
+    c.mem = (void *) cache;
+    ethash_compute_full_data(full, params, &c);
+}

-static inline void ethash_prep_light(void *cache, ethash_params const *params, const uint8_t seed[32]) { ethash_cache c; c.mem = cache; ethash_mkcache(&c, params, seed); }
-static inline void ethash_compute_light(ethash_return_value *ret, void const *cache, ethash_params const *params, const uint8_t header_hash[32], const uint64_t nonce) { ethash_cache c; c.mem = (void*)cache; ethash_light(ret, &c, params, header_hash, nonce); }
-static inline void ethash_prep_full(void *full, ethash_params const *params, void const *cache) { ethash_cache c; c.mem = (void*)cache; ethash_compute_full_data(full, params, &c); }
-static inline void ethash_compute_full(ethash_return_value *ret, void const *full, ethash_params const *params, const uint8_t header_hash[32], const uint64_t nonce) { ethash_full(ret, full, params, header_hash, nonce); }
+static inline void ethash_compute_full(ethash_return_value *ret, void const *full, ethash_params const *params, const uint8_t header_hash[32], const uint64_t nonce) {
+    ethash_full(ret, full, params, header_hash, nonce);
+}

+// Returns if hash is less than or equal to difficulty
 static inline int ethash_check_difficulty(
        const uint8_t hash[32],
        const uint8_t difficulty[32]) {
@ -94,11 +105,11 @@ static inline int ethash_check_difficulty(
    return 1;
 }

-void ethash_quick_hash(
-        uint8_t return_hash[32],
+int ethash_quick_check_difficulty(
        const uint8_t header_hash[32],
        const uint64_t nonce,
-        const uint8_t mix_hash[32]);
+        const uint8_t mix_hash[32],
+        const uint8_t difficulty[32]);

 #ifdef __cplusplus
 }
--- a/libethash/internal.c
+++ b/libethash/internal.c
@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 /*
-  This file is part of cpp-ethereum.
+  This file is part of ethash.

-  cpp-ethereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  ethash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
  (at your option) any later version.

-  cpp-ethereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  ethash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  GNU General Public License for more details.
@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  along with cpp-ethereum.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
-/** @file dash.cpp
+/** @file internal.c
 * @author Tim Hughes <tim@twistedfury.com>
 * @author Matthew Wampler-Doty
 * @date 2015
@ -38,12 +38,12 @@
 #endif // WITH_CRYPTOPP

 size_t ethash_get_datasize(const uint32_t block_number) {
-    assert(block_number / EPOCH_LENGTH < 500);
+    assert(block_number / EPOCH_LENGTH < 2048);
    return dag_sizes[block_number / EPOCH_LENGTH];
 }

 size_t ethash_get_cachesize(const uint32_t block_number) {
-    assert(block_number / EPOCH_LENGTH < 500);
+    assert(block_number / EPOCH_LENGTH < 2048);
    return cache_sizes[block_number / EPOCH_LENGTH];
 }

@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ void static ethash_compute_cache_nodes(
        ethash_params const *params,
        const uint8_t seed[32]) {
    assert((params->cache_size % sizeof(node)) == 0);
-    uint32_t const num_nodes = (uint32_t)(params->cache_size / sizeof(node));
+    uint32_t const num_nodes = (uint32_t) (params->cache_size / sizeof(node));

    SHA3_512(nodes[0].bytes, seed, 32);

@ -68,8 +68,7 @@ void static ethash_compute_cache_nodes(
            uint32_t const idx = nodes[i].words[0] % num_nodes;
            node data;
            data = nodes[(num_nodes - 1 + i) % num_nodes];
-			for (unsigned w = 0; w != NODE_WORDS; ++w)
-			{
+            for (unsigned w = 0; w != NODE_WORDS; ++w) {
                data.words[w] ^= nodes[idx].words[w];
            }
            SHA3_512(nodes[i].bytes, data.bytes, sizeof(data));
@ -99,7 +98,7 @@ void ethash_calculate_dag_item(
        const struct ethash_params *params,
        const struct ethash_cache *cache) {

-    uint32_t num_parent_nodes = (uint32_t)(params->cache_size / sizeof(node));
+    uint32_t num_parent_nodes = (uint32_t) (params->cache_size / sizeof(node));
    node const *cache_nodes = (node const *) cache->mem;
    node const *init = &cache_nodes[node_index % num_parent_nodes];

@ -115,12 +114,11 @@ void ethash_calculate_dag_item(
    __m128i xmm3 = ret->xmm[3];
 #endif

-    for (unsigned i = 0; i != DAG_PARENTS; ++i)
-	{
-        uint32_t parent_index = ((node_index ^ i)*FNV_PRIME ^ ret->words[i % NODE_WORDS]) % num_parent_nodes;
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i != DATASET_PARENTS; ++i) {
+        uint32_t parent_index = ((node_index ^ i) * FNV_PRIME ^ ret->words[i % NODE_WORDS]) % num_parent_nodes;
        node const *parent = &cache_nodes[parent_index];

-		#if defined(_M_X64) && ENABLE_SSE
+#if defined(_M_X64) && ENABLE_SSE
        {
            xmm0 = _mm_mullo_epi32(xmm0, fnv_prime);
            xmm1 = _mm_mullo_epi32(xmm1, fnv_prime);
@ -143,7 +141,7 @@ void ethash_calculate_dag_item(
                ret->words[w] = fnv_hash(ret->words[w], parent->words[w]);
            }
        }
-		#endif
+#endif
    }

    SHA3_512(ret->bytes, ret->bytes, sizeof(node));
@ -164,7 +162,7 @@ void ethash_compute_full_data(
 }

 static void ethash_hash(
-        ethash_return_value * ret,
+        ethash_return_value *ret,
        node const *full_nodes,
        ethash_cache const *cache,
        ethash_params const *params,
@ -174,7 +172,7 @@ static void ethash_hash(
    assert((params->full_size % MIX_WORDS) == 0);

    // pack hash and nonce together into first 40 bytes of s_mix
-    assert(sizeof(node)*8 == 512);
+    assert(sizeof(node) * 8 == 512);
    node s_mix[MIX_NODES + 1];
    memcpy(s_mix[0].bytes, header_hash, 32);

@ -193,23 +191,21 @@ static void ethash_hash(
    }
 #endif

-    node* const mix = s_mix + 1;
+    node *const mix = s_mix + 1;
    for (unsigned w = 0; w != MIX_WORDS; ++w) {
        mix->words[w] = s_mix[0].words[w % NODE_WORDS];
    }

    unsigned const
            page_size = sizeof(uint32_t) * MIX_WORDS,
-            num_full_pages = (unsigned)(params->full_size / page_size);
+            num_full_pages = (unsigned) (params->full_size / page_size);


-    for (unsigned i = 0; i != ACCESSES; ++i)
-	{
-        uint32_t const index = ((s_mix->words[0] ^ i)*FNV_PRIME ^ mix->words[i % MIX_WORDS]) % num_full_pages;
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i != ACCESSES; ++i) {
+        uint32_t const index = ((s_mix->words[0] ^ i) * FNV_PRIME ^ mix->words[i % MIX_WORDS]) % num_full_pages;

-        for (unsigned n = 0; n != MIX_NODES; ++n)
-		{
-            const node * dag_node = &full_nodes[MIX_NODES * index + n];
+        for (unsigned n = 0; n != MIX_NODES; ++n) {
+            const node *dag_node = &full_nodes[MIX_NODES * index + n];

            if (!full_nodes) {
                node tmp_node;
@ -217,7 +213,7 @@ static void ethash_hash(
                dag_node = &tmp_node;
            }

-			#if defined(_M_X64) && ENABLE_SSE
+#if defined(_M_X64) && ENABLE_SSE
            {
                __m128i fnv_prime = _mm_set1_epi32(FNV_PRIME);
                __m128i xmm0 = _mm_mullo_epi32(fnv_prime, mix[n].xmm[0]);
@ -235,19 +231,18 @@ static void ethash_hash(
                    mix[n].words[w] = fnv_hash(mix[n].words[w], dag_node->words[w]);
                }
            }
-            #endif
+#endif
        }

    }

    // compress mix
-	for (unsigned w = 0; w != MIX_WORDS; w += 4)
-	{
-		uint32_t reduction = mix->words[w+0];
-		reduction = reduction*FNV_PRIME ^ mix->words[w+1];
-		reduction = reduction*FNV_PRIME ^ mix->words[w+2];
-		reduction = reduction*FNV_PRIME ^ mix->words[w+3];
-		mix->words[w/4] = reduction;
+    for (unsigned w = 0; w != MIX_WORDS; w += 4) {
+        uint32_t reduction = mix->words[w + 0];
+        reduction = reduction * FNV_PRIME ^ mix->words[w + 1];
+        reduction = reduction * FNV_PRIME ^ mix->words[w + 2];
+        reduction = reduction * FNV_PRIME ^ mix->words[w + 3];
+        mix->words[w / 4] = reduction;
    }

 #if BYTE_ORDER != LITTLE_ENDIAN
@ -258,7 +253,7 @@ static void ethash_hash(

    memcpy(ret->mix_hash, mix->bytes, 32);
    // final Keccak hash
-    SHA3_256(ret->result, s_mix->bytes, 64+32);	// Keccak-256(s + compressed_mix)
+    SHA3_256(ret->result, s_mix->bytes, 64 + 32); // Keccak-256(s + compressed_mix)
 }

 void ethash_quick_hash(
@ -267,7 +262,7 @@ void ethash_quick_hash(
        const uint64_t nonce,
        const uint8_t mix_hash[32]) {

-    uint8_t buf[64+32];
+    uint8_t buf[64 + 32];
    memcpy(buf, header_hash, 32);
 #if BYTE_ORDER != LITTLE_ENDIAN
    nonce = fix_endian64(nonce);
@ -275,7 +270,14 @@ void ethash_quick_hash(
    memcpy(&(buf[32]), &nonce, 8);
    SHA3_512(buf, buf, 40);
    memcpy(&(buf[64]), mix_hash, 32);
-    SHA3_256(return_hash, buf, 64+32);
+    SHA3_256(return_hash, buf, 64 + 32);
+}
+
+void ethash_get_seedhash(uint8_t seedhash[32], const uint32_t block_number) {
+    memset(seedhash, 0, 32);
+    const uint32_t epochs = block_number / EPOCH_LENGTH;
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < epochs; ++i)
+        SHA3_256(seedhash, seedhash, 32);
 }

 int ethash_quick_check_difficulty(
@ -289,10 +291,10 @@ int ethash_quick_check_difficulty(
    return ethash_check_difficulty(return_hash, difficulty);
 }

-void ethash_full(ethash_return_value * ret, void const *full_mem, ethash_params const *params, const uint8_t previous_hash[32], const uint64_t nonce) {
+void ethash_full(ethash_return_value *ret, void const *full_mem, ethash_params const *params, const uint8_t previous_hash[32], const uint64_t nonce) {
    ethash_hash(ret, (node const *) full_mem, NULL, params, previous_hash, nonce);
 }

-void ethash_light(ethash_return_value * ret, ethash_cache const *cache, ethash_params const *params, const uint8_t previous_hash[32], const uint64_t nonce) {
+void ethash_light(ethash_return_value *ret, ethash_cache const *cache, ethash_params const *params, const uint8_t previous_hash[32], const uint64_t nonce) {
    ethash_hash(ret, NULL, cache, params, previous_hash, nonce);
 }
--- a/libethash/internal.h
+++ b/libethash/internal.h
@ -37,6 +37,12 @@ void ethash_calculate_dag_item(
        ethash_cache const *cache
 );

+void ethash_quick_hash(
+        uint8_t return_hash[32],
+        const uint8_t header_hash[32],
+        const uint64_t nonce,
+        const uint8_t mix_hash[32]);
+
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 }
 #endif
--- a/libethash/sha3_cryptopp.cpp
+++ b/libethash/sha3_cryptopp.cpp
@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
-  This file is part of cpp-ethereum.
+  This file is part of ethash.

-  cpp-ethereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  ethash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
  (at your option) any later version.

-  cpp-ethereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  ethash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  GNU General Public License for more details.

  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with cpp-ethereum.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+  along with ethash.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

 /** @file sha3.cpp
--- a/libethash/util.h
+++ b/libethash/util.h
@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 /*
-  This file is part of cpp-ethereum.
+  This file is part of ethash.

-  cpp-ethereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  ethash is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
  (at your option) any later version.

-  cpp-ethereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  ethash is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  GNU General Public License for more details.

  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-  along with cpp-ethereum.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+  along with ethash.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */
 /** @file util.h
 * @author Tim Hughes <tim@twistedfury.com>
--- a/libethcore/BlockInfo.cpp
+++ b/libethcore/BlockInfo.cpp
@ -104,6 +104,8 @@ void BlockInfo::populateFromHeader(RLP const& _header, Strictness _s)
 	int field = 0;
 	try
 	{
+		if (_header.itemCount() != 15)
+			throw InvalidBlockHeaderItemCount();
 		parentHash = _header[field = 0].toHash<h256>(RLP::VeryStrict);
 		sha3Uncles = _header[field = 1].toHash<h256>(RLP::VeryStrict);
 		coinbaseAddress = _header[field = 2].toHash<Address>(RLP::VeryStrict);
--- a/libethcore/Common.cpp
+++ b/libethcore/Common.cpp
@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include "Common.h"
 #include <random>
 #include <libdevcrypto/SHA3.h>
+#include "Ethasher.h"
 #include "Exceptions.h"
 using namespace std;
 using namespace dev;
@ -32,15 +33,16 @@ namespace dev
 namespace eth
 {

+const unsigned c_ethashVersion = c_ethashRevision;
 const unsigned c_protocolVersion = 58;
 const unsigned c_databaseBaseVersion = 8;
 #if ETH_FATDB
-const unsigned c_databaseVersionModifier = 1000;
+const unsigned c_databaseVersionModifier = 1;
 #else
 const unsigned c_databaseVersionModifier = 0;
 #endif

-const unsigned c_databaseVersion = c_databaseBaseVersion + c_databaseVersionModifier;
+const unsigned c_databaseVersion = c_databaseBaseVersion + (c_databaseVersionModifier << 8) + (c_ethashVersion << 9);

 vector<pair<u256, string>> const& units()
 {
--- a/libethcore/Common.h
+++ b/libethcore/Common.h
@ -38,6 +38,9 @@ extern const unsigned c_protocolVersion;
 /// Current database version.
 extern const unsigned c_databaseVersion;

+/// Current database version.
+extern const unsigned c_ethashVersion;
+
 /// User-friendly string representation of the amount _b in wei.
 std::string formatBalance(bigint const& _b);

--- a/libethcore/Ethasher.cpp
+++ b/libethcore/Ethasher.cpp
@ -29,9 +29,9 @@
 #include <libdevcore/Guards.h>
 #include <libdevcore/Log.h>
 #include <libdevcrypto/CryptoPP.h>
+#include <libdevcrypto/SHA3.h>
 #include <libdevcrypto/FileSystem.h>
 #include <libethcore/Params.h>
-#include <libethash/ethash.h>
 #include "BlockInfo.h"
 #include "Ethasher.h"
 using namespace std;
@ -44,9 +44,10 @@ Ethasher* dev::eth::Ethasher::s_this = nullptr;
 bytes const& Ethasher::cache(BlockInfo const& _header)
 {
 	RecursiveGuard l(x_this);
-	if (_header.number > EPOCH_LENGTH*2048) {
+	if (_header.number > c_ethashEpochLength * 2048)
+	{
 		std::ostringstream error;
-		error << "block number is too high; max is " << EPOCH_LENGTH*2048 << "(was " << _header.number << ")";
+		error << "block number is too high; max is " << c_ethashEpochLength * 2048 << "(was " << _header.number << ")";
 		throw std::invalid_argument( error.str() );
 	}

@ -72,7 +73,11 @@ bytesConstRef Ethasher::full(BlockInfo const& _header)
 		try {
 			boost::filesystem::create_directories(getDataDir() + "/ethashcache");
 		} catch (...) {}
-		std::string memoFile = getDataDir() + "/ethashcache/" + toHex(_header.seedHash().ref().cropped(0, 4)) + ".full";
+
+		std::string memoFile = getDataDir() + "/ethashcache/full";
+		auto info = rlpList(c_ethashRevision, _header.seedHash());
+		if (boost::filesystem::exists(memoFile) && contents(memoFile + ".info") != info)
+			boost::filesystem::remove(memoFile);
 		m_fulls[_header.seedHash()] = contentsNew(memoFile);
 		if (!m_fulls[_header.seedHash()])
 		{
@ -81,6 +86,7 @@ bytesConstRef Ethasher::full(BlockInfo const& _header)
 			auto c = cache(_header);
 			ethash_prep_full(m_fulls[_header.seedHash()].data(), &p, c.data());
 			writeFile(memoFile, m_fulls[_header.seedHash()]);
+			writeFile(memoFile + ".info", info);
 		}
 	}
 	return m_fulls[_header.seedHash()];
@ -101,21 +107,20 @@ ethash_params Ethasher::params(unsigned _n)

 bool Ethasher::verify(BlockInfo const& _header)
 {
-	if (_header.number >= ETHASH_EPOCH_LENGTH * 2048)
+	if (_header.number >= c_ethashEpochLength * 2048)
 		return false;
+
 	h256 boundary = u256((bigint(1) << 256) / _header.difficulty);
-	uint8_t quickHashOut[32];
-	ethash_quick_hash(
-		quickHashOut,
+
+	// should be equivalent to:
+	auto r = eval(_header);
+	return r.mixHash == _header.mixHash && r.value <= boundary;
+
+	return ethash_quick_check_difficulty(
 		_header.headerHash(WithoutNonce).data(),
 		(uint64_t)(u64)_header.nonce,
-		_header.mixHash.data()
-	);
-	h256 quickHashOut256 = h256(quickHashOut, h256::ConstructFromPointer);
-	if (quickHashOut256 > boundary)
-		return false;
-	auto e = eval(_header, _header.nonce);
-	return (u256)e.value <= boundary && e.mixHash == _header.mixHash;
+		_header.mixHash.data(),
+		boundary.data());
 }

 Ethasher::Result Ethasher::eval(BlockInfo const& _header, Nonce const& _nonce)
@ -123,5 +128,6 @@ Ethasher::Result Ethasher::eval(BlockInfo const& _header, Nonce const& _nonce)
 	auto p = Ethasher::params(_header);
 	ethash_return_value r;
 	ethash_compute_light(&r, Ethasher::get()->cache(_header).data(), &p, _header.headerHash(WithoutNonce).data(), (uint64_t)(u64)_nonce);
+//	cdebug << "Ethasher::eval sha3(cache):" << sha3(Ethasher::get()->cache(_header)) << "hh:" << _header.headerHash(WithoutNonce) << "nonce:" << _nonce << " => " << h256(r.result, h256::ConstructFromPointer);
 	return Result{h256(r.result, h256::ConstructFromPointer), h256(r.mix_hash, h256::ConstructFromPointer)};
 }
--- a/libethcore/Ethasher.h
+++ b/libethcore/Ethasher.h
@ -27,8 +27,24 @@
 #include <thread>
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <libdevcore/Guards.h>
+#include <libdevcore/Log.h>
 #include <libdevcrypto/SHA3.h>
 #include <libethash/ethash.h>		// TODO: REMOVE once everything merged into this class and an opaque API can be provided.
+static const unsigned c_ethashRevision = REVISION;
+static const unsigned c_ethashEpochLength = EPOCH_LENGTH;
+#undef REVISION
+#undef DATASET_BYTES_INIT
+#undef DATASET_BYTES_GROWTH
+#undef CACHE_BYTES_INIT
+#undef CACHE_BYTES_GROWTH
+#undef DAGSIZE_BYTES_INIT
+#undef DAG_GROWTH
+#undef EPOCH_LENGTH
+#undef MIX_BYTES
+#undef HASH_BYTES
+#undef DATASET_PARENTS
+#undef CACHE_ROUNDS
+#undef ACCESSES
 #include "Common.h"
 #include "BlockInfo.h"

@ -71,6 +87,7 @@ public:
 		inline h256 mine(uint64_t _nonce)
 		{
 			ethash_compute_full(&m_ethashReturn, m_datasetPointer, &m_params, m_headerHash.data(), _nonce);
+//			cdebug << "Ethasher::mine hh:" << m_headerHash << "nonce:" << (Nonce)(u64)_nonce << " => " << h256(m_ethashReturn.result, h256::ConstructFromPointer);
 			return h256(m_ethashReturn.result, h256::ConstructFromPointer);
 		}

--- a/libethcore/Exceptions.h
+++ b/libethcore/Exceptions.h
@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ struct InvalidReceiptsStateRoot: virtual dev::Exception {};
 struct InvalidTimestamp: virtual dev::Exception {};
 struct InvalidLogBloom: virtual dev::Exception {};
 class InvalidNonce: virtual public dev::Exception {};
+class InvalidBlockHeaderItemCount: virtual public dev::Exception {};
 class InvalidBlockNonce: virtual public dev::Exception {};
 struct InvalidParentHash: virtual dev::Exception {};
 struct InvalidNumber: virtual dev::Exception {};
--- a/libethcore/Params.cpp
+++ b/libethcore/Params.cpp
@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ namespace dev
 namespace eth
 {

-//--- BEGIN: AUTOGENERATED FROM /feeStructure.json
+//--- BEGIN: AUTOGENERATED FROM github.com/ethereum/common/params.json
 u256 const c_genesisDifficulty = 131072;
 u256 const c_maximumExtraDataSize = 1024;
-u256 const c_epochDuration = 3000;
+u256 const c_epochDuration = 30000;
 u256 const c_genesisGasLimit = 3141592;
 u256 const c_minGasLimit = 125000;
 u256 const c_gasLimitBoundDivisor = 1024;
--- a/libethcore/ProofOfWork.cpp
+++ b/libethcore/ProofOfWork.cpp
@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <array>
+#include <thread>
 #include <random>
 #include <thread>
 #include <libdevcore/Guards.h>
@ -32,6 +33,32 @@
 #include <libdevcore/Common.h>
 #if ETH_ETHASHCL
 #include <libethash-cl/ethash_cl_miner.h>
+#define ETHASH_REVISION REVISION
+#define ETHASH_DATASET_BYTES_INIT DATASET_BYTES_INIT
+#define ETHASH_DATASET_BYTES_GROWTH DATASET_BYTES_GROWTH
+#define ETHASH_CACHE_BYTES_INIT CACHE_BYTES_INIT
+#define ETHASH_CACHE_BYTES_GROWTH CACHE_BYTES_GROWTH
+#define ETHASH_DAGSIZE_BYTES_INIT DAGSIZE_BYTES_INIT
+#define ETHASH_DAG_GROWTH DAG_GROWTH
+#define ETHASH_EPOCH_LENGTH EPOCH_LENGTH
+#define ETHASH_MIX_BYTES MIX_BYTES
+#define ETHASH_HASH_BYTES HASH_BYTES
+#define ETHASH_DATASET_PARENTS DATASET_PARENTS
+#define ETHASH_CACHE_ROUNDS CACHE_ROUNDS
+#define ETHASH_ACCESSES ACCESSES
+#undef REVISION
+#undef DATASET_BYTES_INIT
+#undef DATASET_BYTES_GROWTH
+#undef CACHE_BYTES_INIT
+#undef CACHE_BYTES_GROWTH
+#undef DAGSIZE_BYTES_INIT
+#undef DAG_GROWTH
+#undef EPOCH_LENGTH
+#undef MIX_BYTES
+#undef HASH_BYTES
+#undef DATASET_PARENTS
+#undef CACHE_ROUNDS
+#undef ACCESSES
 #endif
 #include "BlockInfo.h"
 #include "Ethasher.h"
@ -54,11 +81,12 @@ std::pair<MineInfo, EthashCPU::Proof> EthashCPU::mine(BlockInfo const& _header,
 	Ethasher::Miner m(_header);

 	std::pair<MineInfo, Proof> ret;
-	static std::mt19937_64 s_eng((time(0) + *reinterpret_cast<unsigned*>(m_last.data())));
+	auto tid = std::this_thread::get_id();
+	static std::mt19937_64 s_eng((time(0) + *reinterpret_cast<unsigned*>(m_last.data()) + std::hash<decltype(tid)>()(tid)));
 	uint64_t tryNonce = (uint64_t)(u64)(m_last = Nonce::random(s_eng));

-	bigint boundary = (bigint(1) << 256) / _header.difficulty;
-	ret.first.requirement = log2((double)boundary);
+	h256 boundary = u256((bigint(1) << 256) / _header.difficulty);
+	ret.first.requirement = log2((double)(u256)boundary);

 	// 2^ 0      32      64      128      256
 	//   [--------*-------------------------]
@ -72,13 +100,17 @@ std::pair<MineInfo, EthashCPU::Proof> EthashCPU::mine(BlockInfo const& _header,
 	unsigned hashCount = 0;
 	for (; (std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - startTime) < std::chrono::milliseconds(_msTimeout) && _continue; tryNonce++, hashCount++)
 	{
-		u256 val(m.mine(tryNonce));
-		best = std::min<double>(best, log2((double)val));
+		h256 val(m.mine(tryNonce));
+		best = std::min<double>(best, log2((double)(u256)val));
 		if (val <= boundary)
 		{
 			ret.first.completed = true;
+			assert(Ethasher::eval(_header, (Nonce)(u64)tryNonce).value == val);
 			result.mixHash = m.lastMixHash();
 			result.nonce = u64(tryNonce);
+			BlockInfo test = _header;
+			assignResult(result, test);
+			assert(verify(test));
 			break;
 		}
 	}
--- a/libethereum/BlockChain.cpp
+++ b/libethereum/BlockChain.cpp
@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
 #include <test/JsonSpiritHeaders.h>
 #include <libdevcore/Common.h>
+#include <libdevcore/Assertions.h>
 #include <libdevcore/RLP.h>
 #include <libdevcore/StructuredLogger.h>
 #include <libdevcrypto/FileSystem.h>
--- a/libethereum/Client.cpp
+++ b/libethereum/Client.cpp
@ -475,7 +475,7 @@ void Client::setupState(State& _s)
 		_s.commitToMine(m_bc);
 }

-void Client::transact(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice)
+void Client::submitTransaction(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice)
 {
 	startWorking();

@ -491,9 +491,9 @@ void Client::transact(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _
 	m_tq.attemptImport(t.rlp());
 }

-bytes Client::call(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice, int _blockNumber)
+ExecutionResult Client::call(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice, int _blockNumber)
 {
-	bytes out;
+	ExecutionResult ret;
 	try
 	{
 		u256 n;
@ -505,18 +505,41 @@ bytes Client::call(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _dat
 			n = temp.transactionsFrom(toAddress(_secret));
 		}
 		Transaction t(_value, _gasPrice, _gas, _dest, _data, n, _secret);
-		u256 gasUsed = temp.execute(m_bc, t.rlp(), &out, false);
-		(void)gasUsed; // TODO: do something with gasused which it returns.
+		ret = temp.execute(m_bc, t.rlp(), Permanence::Reverted);
 	}
 	catch (...)
 	{
 		// TODO: Some sort of notification of failure.
 	}
-	return out;
+	return ret;
 }

-bytes Client::call(Address _dest, bytes const& _data, u256 _gas, u256 _value, u256 _gasPrice)
+ExecutionResult Client::create(Secret _secret, u256 _value, bytes const& _data, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice, int _blockNumber)
 {
+	ExecutionResult ret;
+	try
+	{
+		u256 n;
+		State temp;
+	//	cdebug << "Nonce at " << toAddress(_secret) << " pre:" << m_preMine.transactionsFrom(toAddress(_secret)) << " post:" << m_postMine.transactionsFrom(toAddress(_secret));
+		{
+			ReadGuard l(x_stateDB);
+			temp = asOf(_blockNumber);
+			n = temp.transactionsFrom(toAddress(_secret));
+		}
+		Transaction t(_value, _gasPrice, _gas, _data, n, _secret);
+		ret = temp.execute(m_bc, t.rlp(), Permanence::Reverted);
+	}
+	catch (...)
+	{
+		// TODO: Some sort of notification of failure.
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+ExecutionResult Client::call(Address _dest, bytes const& _data, u256 _gas, u256 _value, u256 _gasPrice)
+{
+	ExecutionResult ret;
 	try
 	{
 		State temp;
@ -527,19 +550,17 @@ bytes Client::call(Address _dest, bytes const& _data, u256 _gas, u256 _value, u2
 		}
 		Executive e(temp, LastHashes(), 0);
 		if (!e.call(_dest, _dest, Address(), _value, _gasPrice, &_data, _gas, Address()))
-		{
 			e.go();
-			return e.out().toBytes();
-		}
+		ret = e.executionResult();
 	}
 	catch (...)
 	{
 		// TODO: Some sort of notification of failure.
 	}
-	return bytes();
+	return ret;
 }

-Address Client::transact(Secret _secret, u256 _endowment, bytes const& _init, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice)
+Address Client::submitTransaction(Secret _secret, u256 _endowment, bytes const& _init, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice)
 {
 	startWorking();

--- a/libethereum/Client.h
+++ b/libethereum/Client.h
@ -212,23 +212,27 @@ public:
 	void setGasPricer(std::shared_ptr<GasPricer> _gp) { m_gp = _gp; }

 	/// Submits the given message-call transaction.
-	virtual void transact(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data = bytes(), u256 _gas = 10000, u256 _gasPrice = 10 * szabo);
+	virtual void submitTransaction(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data = bytes(), u256 _gas = 10000, u256 _gasPrice = 10 * szabo) override;

 	/// Submits a new contract-creation transaction.
 	/// @returns the new contract's address (assuming it all goes through).
-	virtual Address transact(Secret _secret, u256 _endowment, bytes const& _init, u256 _gas = 10000, u256 _gasPrice = 10 * szabo);
+	virtual Address submitTransaction(Secret _secret, u256 _endowment, bytes const& _init, u256 _gas = 10000, u256 _gasPrice = 10 * szabo) override;

 	/// Injects the RLP-encoded transaction given by the _rlp into the transaction queue directly.
-	virtual void inject(bytesConstRef _rlp);
+	virtual void inject(bytesConstRef _rlp) override;

 	/// Blocks until all pending transactions have been processed.
-	virtual void flushTransactions();
+	virtual void flushTransactions() override;

 	/// Makes the given call. Nothing is recorded into the state.
-	virtual bytes call(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data = bytes(), u256 _gas = 10000, u256 _gasPrice = 10 * szabo, int _blockNumber = 0);
+	virtual ExecutionResult call(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data = bytes(), u256 _gas = 10000, u256 _gasPrice = 10 * szabo, int _blockNumber = 0) override;
+
+	/// Does the given creation. Nothing is recorded into the state.
+	/// @returns the pair of the Address of the created contract together with its code.
+	virtual ExecutionResult create(Secret _secret, u256 _value, bytes const& _data = bytes(), u256 _gas = 10000, u256 _gasPrice = 10 * szabo, int _blockNumber = 0) override;

 	/// Makes the given call. Nothing is recorded into the state. This cheats by creating a null address and endowing it with a lot of ETH.
-	virtual bytes call(Address _dest, bytes const& _data = bytes(), u256 _gas = 125000, u256 _value = 0, u256 _gasPrice = 1 * ether);
+	ExecutionResult call(Address _dest, bytes const& _data = bytes(), u256 _gas = 125000, u256 _value = 0, u256 _gasPrice = 1 * ether);

 	// Informational stuff

--- a/libethereum/Executive.cpp
+++ b/libethereum/Executive.cpp
@ -53,7 +53,16 @@ void Executive::accrueSubState(SubState& _parentContext)
 bool Executive::setup(bytesConstRef _rlp)
 {
 	// Entry point for a user-executed transaction.
+	try
+	{
 		m_t = Transaction(_rlp, CheckSignature::Sender);
+	}
+	catch (...)
+	{
+		clog(StateDetail) << "Invalid Signature";
+		m_excepted = TransactionException::InvalidSignature;
+		throw;
+	}
 	return setup();
 }

@ -66,6 +75,7 @@ bool Executive::setup()
 	if (m_t.nonce() != nonceReq)
 	{
 		clog(StateDetail) << "Invalid Nonce: Require" << nonceReq << " Got" << m_t.nonce();
+		m_excepted = TransactionException::InvalidNonce;
 		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InvalidNonce() << RequirementError((bigint)nonceReq, (bigint)m_t.nonce()));
 	}

@ -120,7 +130,7 @@ bool Executive::call(Address _receiveAddress, Address _codeAddress, Address _sen
 		if (_gas < g)
 		{
 			m_endGas = 0;
-			m_excepted = true;
+			m_excepted = TransactionException::OutOfGasBase;
 		}
 		else
 		{
@ -200,9 +210,15 @@ bool Executive::go(OnOpFunc const& _onOp)
 			if (m_isCreation)
 			{
 				if (m_out.size() * c_createDataGas <= m_endGas)
+				{
+					m_codeDeposit = CodeDeposit::Success;
 					m_endGas -= m_out.size() * c_createDataGas;
+				}
 				else
+				{
+					m_codeDeposit = CodeDeposit::Failed;
 					m_out.reset();
+				}
 				m_s.m_cache[m_newAddress].setCode(m_out.toBytes());
 			}
 		}
@ -214,7 +230,7 @@ bool Executive::go(OnOpFunc const& _onOp)
 		{
 			clog(StateSafeExceptions) << "Safe VM Exception. " << diagnostic_information(_e);
 			m_endGas = 0;
-			m_excepted = true;
+			m_excepted = toTransactionException(_e);
 			m_ext->revert();
 		}
 		catch (Exception const& _e)
--- a/libethereum/Executive.h
+++ b/libethereum/Executive.h
@ -101,7 +101,10 @@ public:
 	/// @returns the new address for the created contract in the CREATE operation.
 	h160 newAddress() const { return m_newAddress; }
 	/// @returns true iff the operation ended with a VM exception.
-	bool excepted() const { return m_excepted; }
+	bool excepted() const { return m_excepted != TransactionException::None; }
+
+	/// Get the above in an amalgamated fashion.
+	ExecutionResult executionResult() const { return ExecutionResult(gasUsed(), m_excepted, m_newAddress, m_out, m_codeDeposit); }

 private:
 	bool setup();
@ -116,7 +119,8 @@ private:

 	unsigned m_depth = 0;				///< The context's call-depth.
 	bool m_isCreation = false;			///< True if the transaction creates a contract, or if create() is called.
-	bool m_excepted = false;			///< True if the VM execution resulted in an exception.
+	CodeDeposit m_codeDeposit = CodeDeposit::None;	///< True if an attempted deposit failed due to lack of gas.
+	TransactionException m_excepted = TransactionException::None;	///< Details if the VM's execution resulted in an exception.
 	u256 m_endGas;						///< The final amount of gas for the transaction.

 	Transaction m_t;					///< The original transaction. Set by setup().
--- a/libethereum/Interface.h
+++ b/libethereum/Interface.h
@ -60,11 +60,11 @@ public:
 	// [TRANSACTION API]

 	/// Submits the given message-call transaction.
-	virtual void transact(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data = bytes(), u256 _gas = 10000, u256 _gasPrice = 10 * szabo) = 0;
+	virtual void submitTransaction(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data = bytes(), u256 _gas = 10000, u256 _gasPrice = 10 * szabo) = 0;

 	/// Submits a new contract-creation transaction.
 	/// @returns the new contract's address (assuming it all goes through).
-	virtual Address transact(Secret _secret, u256 _endowment, bytes const& _init, u256 _gas = 10000, u256 _gasPrice = 10 * szabo) = 0;
+	virtual Address submitTransaction(Secret _secret, u256 _endowment, bytes const& _init, u256 _gas = 10000, u256 _gasPrice = 10 * szabo) = 0;

 	/// Injects the RLP-encoded transaction given by the _rlp into the transaction queue directly.
 	virtual void inject(bytesConstRef _rlp) = 0;
@ -73,7 +73,11 @@ public:
 	virtual void flushTransactions() = 0;

 	/// Makes the given call. Nothing is recorded into the state.
-	virtual bytes call(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data = bytes(), u256 _gas = 10000, u256 _gasPrice = 10 * szabo, int _blockNumber = 0) = 0;
+	virtual ExecutionResult call(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data = bytes(), u256 _gas = 10000, u256 _gasPrice = 10 * szabo, int _blockNumber = 0) = 0;
+
+	/// Does the given creation. Nothing is recorded into the state.
+	/// @returns the pair of the Address of the created contract together with its code.
+	virtual ExecutionResult create(Secret _secret, u256 _value, bytes const& _data = bytes(), u256 _gas = 10000, u256 _gasPrice = 10 * szabo, int _blockNumber = 0) = 0;

 	// [STATE-QUERY API]

--- a/libethereum/State.cpp
+++ b/libethereum/State.cpp
@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include <boost/timer.hpp>
 #include <secp256k1/secp256k1.h>
 #include <libdevcore/CommonIO.h>
+#include <libdevcore/Assertions.h>
 #include <libdevcore/StructuredLogger.h>
 #include <libevmcore/Instruction.h>
 #include <libethcore/Exceptions.h>
@ -1048,18 +1049,18 @@ LastHashes State::getLastHashes(BlockChain const& _bc, unsigned _n) const
 	return ret;
 }

-u256 State::execute(BlockChain const& _bc, bytes const& _rlp, bytes* o_output, bool _commit)
+ExecutionResult State::execute(BlockChain const& _bc, bytes const& _rlp, Permanence _p)
 {
-	return execute(getLastHashes(_bc, _bc.number()), &_rlp, o_output, _commit);
+	return execute(getLastHashes(_bc, _bc.number()), &_rlp, _p);
 }

-u256 State::execute(BlockChain const& _bc, bytesConstRef _rlp, bytes* o_output, bool _commit)
+ExecutionResult State::execute(BlockChain const& _bc, bytesConstRef _rlp, Permanence _p)
 {
-	return execute(getLastHashes(_bc, _bc.number()), _rlp, o_output, _commit);
+	return execute(getLastHashes(_bc, _bc.number()), _rlp, _p);
 }

 // TODO: maintain node overlay revisions for stateroots -> each commit gives a stateroot + OverlayDB; allow overlay copying for rewind operations.
-u256 State::execute(LastHashes const& _lh, bytesConstRef _rlp, bytes* o_output, bool _commit)
+ExecutionResult State::execute(LastHashes const& _lh, bytesConstRef _rlp, Permanence _p)
 {
 #ifndef ETH_RELEASE
 	commit();	// get an updated hash
@ -1093,15 +1094,10 @@ u256 State::execute(LastHashes const& _lh, bytesConstRef _rlp, bytes* o_output,
 	ctrace << old.diff(*this);
 #endif

-	if (o_output)
-		*o_output = e.out().toBytes();
-
-	if (!_commit)
-	{
+	if (_p == Permanence::Reverted)
 		m_cache.clear();
-		return e.gasUsed();
-	}
-
+	else
+	{
 		commit();
 	
 #if ETH_PARANOIA && !ETH_FATDB
@ -1127,7 +1123,9 @@ u256 State::execute(LastHashes const& _lh, bytesConstRef _rlp, bytes* o_output,
 		m_transactions.push_back(e.t());
 		m_receipts.push_back(TransactionReceipt(rootHash(), startGasUsed + e.gasUsed(), e.logs()));
 		m_transactionSet.insert(e.t().sha3());
-	return e.gasUsed();
+	}
+
+	return e.executionResult();
 }

 State State::fromPending(unsigned _i) const
--- a/libethereum/State.h
+++ b/libethereum/State.h
@ -84,6 +84,12 @@ protected:
 	u256 bid(TransactionPriority = TransactionPriority::Medium) const override { return 10 * szabo; }
 };

+enum class Permanence
+{
+	Reverted,
+	Committed
+};
+
 /**
 * @brief Model of the current state of the ledger.
 * Maintains current ledger (m_current) as a fast hash-map. This is hashed only when required (i.e. to create or verify a block).
@ -185,10 +191,10 @@ public:

 	/// Execute a given transaction.
 	/// This will append @a _t to the transaction list and change the state accordingly.
-	u256 execute(BlockChain const& _bc, bytes const& _rlp, bytes* o_output = nullptr, bool _commit = true);
-	u256 execute(BlockChain const& _bc, bytesConstRef _rlp, bytes* o_output = nullptr, bool _commit = true);
-	u256 execute(LastHashes const& _lh, bytes const& _rlp, bytes* o_output = nullptr, bool _commit = true) { return execute(_lh, &_rlp, o_output, _commit); }
-	u256 execute(LastHashes const& _lh, bytesConstRef _rlp, bytes* o_output = nullptr, bool _commit = true);
+	ExecutionResult execute(BlockChain const& _bc, bytes const& _rlp, Permanence _p = Permanence::Committed);
+	ExecutionResult execute(BlockChain const& _bc, bytesConstRef _rlp, Permanence _p = Permanence::Committed);
+	ExecutionResult execute(LastHashes const& _lh, bytes const& _rlp, Permanence _p = Permanence::Committed) { return execute(_lh, &_rlp, _p); }
+	ExecutionResult execute(LastHashes const& _lh, bytesConstRef _rlp, Permanence _p = Permanence::Committed);

 	/// Get the remaining gas limit in this block.
 	u256 gasLimitRemaining() const { return m_currentBlock.gasLimit - gasUsed(); }
--- a/libethereum/Transaction.cpp
+++ b/libethereum/Transaction.cpp
@ -21,8 +21,10 @@

 #include <libdevcore/vector_ref.h>
 #include <libdevcore/Log.h>
+#include <libdevcore/CommonIO.h>
 #include <libdevcrypto/Common.h>
 #include <libethcore/Exceptions.h>
+#include <libevm/VMFace.h>
 #include "Transaction.h"
 using namespace std;
 using namespace dev;
@ -30,6 +32,25 @@ using namespace dev::eth;

 #define ETH_ADDRESS_DEBUG 0

+std::ostream& dev::eth::operator<<(std::ostream& _out, ExecutionResult const& _er)
+{
+	_out << "{" << _er.gasUsed << ", " << _er.newAddress << ", " << toHex(_er.output) << "}";
+	return _out;
+}
+
+TransactionException dev::eth::toTransactionException(VMException const& _e)
+{
+	if (!!dynamic_cast<BadInstruction const*>(&_e))
+		return TransactionException::BadInstruction;
+	if (!!dynamic_cast<BadJumpDestination const*>(&_e))
+		return TransactionException::BadJumpDestination;
+	if (!!dynamic_cast<OutOfGas const*>(&_e))
+		return TransactionException::OutOfGas;
+	if (!!dynamic_cast<StackUnderflow const*>(&_e))
+		return TransactionException::StackUnderflow;
+	return TransactionException::Unknown;
+}
+
 Transaction::Transaction(bytesConstRef _rlpData, CheckSignature _checkSig)
 {
 	int field = 0;
--- a/libethereum/Transaction.h
+++ b/libethereum/Transaction.h
@ -44,6 +44,46 @@ enum class CheckSignature
 	Sender
 };

+enum class TransactionException
+{
+	None = 0,
+	Unknown,
+	InvalidSignature,
+	InvalidNonce,
+	NotEnoughCash,
+	OutOfGasBase,			///< Too little gas to pay for the base transaction cost.
+	BlockGasLimitReached,
+	BadInstruction,
+	BadJumpDestination,
+	OutOfGas,				///< Ran out of gas executing code of the transaction.
+	StackUnderflow
+};
+
+enum class CodeDeposit
+{
+	None = 0,
+	Failed,
+	Success
+};
+
+class VMException;
+
+TransactionException toTransactionException(VMException const& _e);
+
+/// Description of the result of executing a transaction.
+struct ExecutionResult
+{
+	ExecutionResult() = default;
+	ExecutionResult(u256 _gasUsed, TransactionException _excepted, Address _newAddress, bytesConstRef _output, CodeDeposit _codeDeposit): gasUsed(_gasUsed), excepted(_excepted), newAddress(_newAddress), output(_output.toBytes()), codeDeposit(_codeDeposit) {}
+	u256 gasUsed;
+	TransactionException excepted = TransactionException::Unknown;
+	Address newAddress;
+	bytes output;
+	CodeDeposit codeDeposit = CodeDeposit::None;
+};
+
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& _out, ExecutionResult const& _er);
+
 /// Encodes a transaction, ready to be exported to or freshly imported from RLP.
 class Transaction
 {
--- a/libethereumx/Ethereum.cpp
+++ b/libethereumx/Ethereum.cpp
@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ void Ethereum::connect(std::string const& _seedHost, unsigned short _port)
 {
 }

-void Ethereum::transact(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice)
+void Ethereum::submitTransaction(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice)
 {
 }

@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ bytes Ethereum::call(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _d
 	return bytes();
 }

-Address Ethereum::transact(Secret _secret, u256 _endowment, bytes const& _init, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice)
+Address Ethereum::submitTransaction(Secret _secret, u256 _endowment, bytes const& _init, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice)
 {
 	return Address();
 }
--- a/libethereumx/Ethereum.h
+++ b/libethereumx/Ethereum.h
@ -62,11 +62,11 @@ public:
 	~Ethereum();

 	/// Submits the given message-call transaction.
-	void transact(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data = bytes(), u256 _gas = 10000, u256 _gasPrice = 10 * szabo);
+	void submitTransaction(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data = bytes(), u256 _gas = 10000, u256 _gasPrice = 10 * szabo);

 	/// Submits a new contract-creation transaction.
 	/// @returns the new contract's address (assuming it all goes through).
-	Address transact(Secret _secret, u256 _endowment, bytes const& _init, u256 _gas = 10000, u256 _gasPrice = 10 * szabo);
+	Address submitTransaction(Secret _secret, u256 _endowment, bytes const& _init, u256 _gas = 10000, u256 _gasPrice = 10 * szabo);

 	/// Injects the RLP-encoded transaction given by the _rlp into the transaction queue directly.
 	void inject(bytesConstRef _rlp);
--- a/libevm/VM.h
+++ b/libevm/VM.h
@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public:

 	virtual bytesConstRef go(ExtVMFace& _ext, OnOpFunc const& _onOp = {}, uint64_t _steps = (uint64_t)-1) override final;

-	void require(u256 _n) { if (m_stack.size() < _n) { if (m_onFail) m_onFail(); BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(StackTooSmall() << RequirementError((bigint)_n, (bigint)m_stack.size())); } }
+	void require(u256 _n) { if (m_stack.size() < _n) { if (m_onFail) m_onFail(); BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(StackUnderflow() << RequirementError((bigint)_n, (bigint)m_stack.size())); } }
 	void requireMem(unsigned _n) { if (m_temp.size() < _n) { m_temp.resize(_n); } }

 	u256 curPC() const { return m_curPC; }
--- a/libevm/VMFace.h
+++ b/libevm/VMFace.h
@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ struct BreakPointHit: virtual VMException {};
 struct BadInstruction: virtual VMException {};
 struct BadJumpDestination: virtual VMException {};
 struct OutOfGas: virtual VMException {};
-struct StackTooSmall: virtual VMException {};
+struct StackUnderflow: virtual VMException {};

 /// EVM Virtual Machine interface
 class VMFace
--- a/libevm/VMFactory.cpp
+++ b/libevm/VMFactory.cpp
@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 */

 #include "VMFactory.h"
+#include <libdevcore/Assertions.h>
 #include "VM.h"

 #if ETH_EVMJIT
--- a/libevmcore/Assembly.cpp
+++ b/libevmcore/Assembly.cpp
@ -47,9 +47,6 @@ unsigned AssemblyItem::bytesRequired(unsigned _addressLength) const
 	case PushData:
 	case PushSub:
 		return 1 + _addressLength;
-	case NoOptimizeBegin:
-	case NoOptimizeEnd:
-		return 0;
 	default:
 		break;
 	}
@ -61,7 +58,7 @@ int AssemblyItem::deposit() const
 	switch (m_type)
 	{
 	case Operation:
-		return instructionInfo((Instruction)(byte)m_data).ret - instructionInfo((Instruction)(byte)m_data).args;
+		return instructionInfo(instruction()).ret - instructionInfo(instruction()).args;
 	case Push:
 	case PushString:
 	case PushTag:
@ -91,6 +88,48 @@ string AssemblyItem::getJumpTypeAsString() const
 	}
 }

+ostream& dev::eth::operator<<(ostream& _out, AssemblyItem const& _item)
+{
+	switch (_item.type())
+	{
+	case Operation:
+		_out << " " << instructionInfo(_item.instruction()).name;
+		if (_item.instruction() == eth::Instruction::JUMP || _item.instruction() == eth::Instruction::JUMPI)
+			_out << "\t" << _item.getJumpTypeAsString();
+		break;
+	case Push:
+		_out << " PUSH " << hex << _item.data();
+		break;
+	case PushString:
+		_out << " PushString"  << hex << (unsigned)_item.data();
+		break;
+	case PushTag:
+		_out << " PushTag " << _item.data();
+		break;
+	case Tag:
+		_out << " Tag " << _item.data();
+		break;
+	case PushData:
+		_out << " PushData " << hex << (unsigned)_item.data();
+		break;
+	case PushSub:
+		_out << " PushSub " << hex << h256(_item.data()).abridged();
+		break;
+	case PushSubSize:
+		_out << " PushSubSize " << hex << h256(_item.data()).abridged();
+		break;
+	case PushProgramSize:
+		_out << " PushProgramSize";
+		break;
+	case UndefinedItem:
+		_out << " ???";
+		break;
+	default:
+		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InvalidOpcode());
+	}
+	return _out;
+}
+
 unsigned Assembly::bytesRequired() const
 {
 	for (unsigned br = 1;; ++br)
@ -145,47 +184,7 @@ void Assembly::append(Assembly const& _a, int _deposit)
 ostream& dev::eth::operator<<(ostream& _out, AssemblyItemsConstRef _i)
 {
 	for (AssemblyItem const& i: _i)
-		switch (i.type())
-		{
-		case Operation:
-			_out << " " << instructionInfo((Instruction)(byte)i.data()).name;
-			break;
-		case Push:
-			_out << " PUSH" << i.data();
-			break;
-		case PushString:
-			_out << " PUSH'[" << hex << (unsigned)i.data() << "]";
-			break;
-		case PushTag:
-			_out << " PUSH[tag" << i.data() << "]";
-			break;
-		case Tag:
-			_out << " tag" << i.data() << ": JUMPDEST";
-			break;
-		case PushData:
-			_out << " PUSH*[" << hex << (unsigned)i.data() << "]";
-			break;
-		case PushSub:
-			_out << " PUSHs[" << hex << h256(i.data()).abridged() << "]";
-			break;
-		case PushSubSize:
-			_out << " PUSHss[" << hex << h256(i.data()).abridged() << "]";
-			break;
-		case PushProgramSize:
-			_out << " PUSHSIZE";
-			break;
-		case NoOptimizeBegin:
-			_out << " DoNotOptimze{{";
-			break;
-		case NoOptimizeEnd:
-			_out << " DoNotOptimze}}";
-			break;
-		case UndefinedItem:
-			_out << " ???";
-			break;
-		default:
-			BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InvalidOpcode());
-		}
+		_out << i;
 	return _out;
 }

@ -219,7 +218,7 @@ ostream& Assembly::stream(ostream& _out, string const& _prefix, StringMap const&
 		switch (i.m_type)
 		{
 		case Operation:
-			_out << "  " << instructionInfo((Instruction)(byte)i.m_data).name  << "\t" << i.getJumpTypeAsString();
+			_out << "  " << instructionInfo(i.instruction()).name  << "\t" << i.getJumpTypeAsString();
 			break;
 		case Push:
 			_out << "  PUSH " << i.m_data;
@ -245,12 +244,6 @@ ostream& Assembly::stream(ostream& _out, string const& _prefix, StringMap const&
 		case PushData:
 			_out << "  PUSH [" << hex << (unsigned)i.m_data << "]";
 			break;
-		case NoOptimizeBegin:
-			_out << "DoNotOptimze{{";
-			break;
-		case NoOptimizeEnd:
-			_out << "DoNotOptimze}}";
-			break;
 		default:
 			BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InvalidOpcode());
 		}
@ -384,7 +377,7 @@ Assembly& Assembly::optimise(bool _enable)
 					  {
 						  if (m[0].type() != Operation)
 							return m.toVector();
-						  Instruction instr = Instruction(byte(m[0].data()));
+						  Instruction instr = m[0].instruction();
 						  if (Instruction::DUP1 <= instr && instr <= Instruction::DUP16)
 							return {};
 						  InstructionInfo info = instructionInfo(instr);
@ -424,12 +417,6 @@ Assembly& Assembly::optimise(bool _enable)
 		count = 0;
 		for (unsigned i = 0; i < m_items.size(); ++i)
 		{
-			if (m_items[i].type() == NoOptimizeBegin)
-			{
-				while (i < m_items.size() && m_items[i].type() != NoOptimizeEnd)
-					++i;
-				continue;
-			}
 			for (auto const& r: rules)
 			{
 				auto vr = AssemblyItemsConstRef(&m_items).cropped(i, r.first.size());
@ -459,13 +446,11 @@ Assembly& Assembly::optimise(bool _enable)
 					}
 				}
 			}
-			if (m_items[i].type() == Operation && m_items[i].data() == (byte)Instruction::JUMP)
+			if (m_items[i].type() == Operation && m_items[i].instruction() == Instruction::JUMP)
 			{
 				bool o = false;
 				while (m_items.size() > i + 1 && m_items[i + 1].type() != Tag)
 				{
-					if (m_items[i + 1].type() == NoOptimizeBegin)
-						break;
 					m_items.erase(m_items.begin() + i + 1);
 					o = true;
 				}
@ -490,7 +475,7 @@ Assembly& Assembly::optimise(bool _enable)
 		{
 			auto t = *tags.begin();
 			unsigned i = t.second;
-			if (i && m_items[i - 1].type() == Operation && m_items[i - 1].data() == (byte)Instruction::JUMP)
+			if (i && m_items[i - 1].type() == Operation && m_items[i - 1].instruction() == Instruction::JUMP)
 				while (i < m_items.size() && (m_items[i].type() != Tag || tags.count(m_items[i].data())))
 				{
 					if (m_items[i].type() == Tag && tags.count(m_items[i].data()))
@ -599,9 +584,6 @@ bytes Assembly::assemble() const
 			tagPos[(unsigned)i.m_data] = ret.size();
 			ret.push_back((byte)Instruction::JUMPDEST);
 			break;
-		case NoOptimizeBegin:
-		case NoOptimizeEnd:
-			break;
 		default:
 			BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InvalidOpcode());
 		}
--- a/libevmcore/Assembly.h
+++ b/libevmcore/Assembly.h
@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 #include <iostream>
 #include <sstream>
 #include <libdevcore/Common.h>
+#include <libdevcore/Assertions.h>
 #include <libevmcore/SourceLocation.h>
 #include <libevmcore/Instruction.h>
 #include "Exceptions.h"
@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ namespace dev
 namespace eth
 {

-enum AssemblyItemType { UndefinedItem, Operation, Push, PushString, PushTag, PushSub, PushSubSize, PushProgramSize, Tag, PushData, NoOptimizeBegin, NoOptimizeEnd };
+enum AssemblyItemType { UndefinedItem, Operation, Push, PushString, PushTag, PushSub, PushSubSize, PushProgramSize, Tag, PushData };

 class Assembly;

@ -48,11 +49,17 @@ public:
 	AssemblyItem(Instruction _i): m_type(Operation), m_data((byte)_i) {}
 	AssemblyItem(AssemblyItemType _type, u256 _data = 0): m_type(_type), m_data(_data) {}

-	AssemblyItem tag() const { if (asserts(m_type == PushTag || m_type == Tag)) BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(Exception()); return AssemblyItem(Tag, m_data); }
-	AssemblyItem pushTag() const { if (asserts(m_type == PushTag || m_type == Tag)) BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(Exception()); return AssemblyItem(PushTag, m_data); }
+	AssemblyItem tag() const { assertThrow(m_type == PushTag || m_type == Tag, Exception, ""); return AssemblyItem(Tag, m_data); }
+	AssemblyItem pushTag() const { assertThrow(m_type == PushTag || m_type == Tag, Exception, ""); return AssemblyItem(PushTag, m_data); }

 	AssemblyItemType type() const { return m_type; }
-	u256 data() const { return m_data; }
+	u256 const& data() const { return m_data; }
+	/// @returns the instruction of this item (only valid if type() == Operation)
+	Instruction instruction() const { return Instruction(byte(m_data)); }
+
+	/// @returns true iff the type and data of the items are equal.
+	bool operator==(AssemblyItem const& _other) const { return m_type == _other.m_type && m_data == _other.m_data; }
+	bool operator!=(AssemblyItem const& _other) const { return !operator==(_other); }

 	/// @returns an upper bound for the number of bytes required by this item, assuming that
 	/// the value of a jump tag takes @a _addressLength bytes.
@ -77,6 +84,7 @@ private:
 using AssemblyItems = std::vector<AssemblyItem>;
 using AssemblyItemsConstRef = vector_ref<AssemblyItem const>;

+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& _out, AssemblyItem const& _item);
 std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& _out, AssemblyItemsConstRef _i);
 inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& _out, AssemblyItems const& _i) { return operator<<(_out, AssemblyItemsConstRef(&_i)); }

--- a/libevmcore/Instruction.h
+++ b/libevmcore/Instruction.h
@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #pragma once

 #include <libdevcore/Common.h>
+#include <libdevcore/Assertions.h>
 #include <libevmcore/Exceptions.h>

 namespace dev
@ -194,32 +195,28 @@ inline unsigned getSwapNumber(Instruction _inst)
 /// @returns the PUSH<_number> instruction
 inline Instruction pushInstruction(unsigned _number)
 {
-	if (asserts(1 <= _number && _number <= 32))
-		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InvalidOpcode() << errinfo_comment("Invalid PUSH instruction requested."));
+	assertThrow(1 <= _number && _number <= 32, InvalidOpcode, "Invalid PUSH instruction requested.");
 	return Instruction(unsigned(Instruction::PUSH1) + _number - 1);
 }

 /// @returns the DUP<_number> instruction
 inline Instruction dupInstruction(unsigned _number)
 {
-	if (asserts(1 <= _number && _number <= 16))
-		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InvalidOpcode() << errinfo_comment("Invalid DUP instruction requested."));
+	assertThrow(1 <= _number && _number <= 16, InvalidOpcode, "Invalid DUP instruction requested.");
 	return Instruction(unsigned(Instruction::DUP1) + _number - 1);
 }

 /// @returns the SWAP<_number> instruction
 inline Instruction swapInstruction(unsigned _number)
 {
-	if (asserts(1 <= _number && _number <= 16))
-		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InvalidOpcode() << errinfo_comment("Invalid SWAP instruction requested."));
+	assertThrow(1 <= _number && _number <= 16, InvalidOpcode, "Invalid SWAP instruction requested.");
 	return Instruction(unsigned(Instruction::SWAP1) + _number - 1);
 }

 /// @returns the LOG<_number> instruction
 inline Instruction logInstruction(unsigned _number)
 {
-	if (asserts(_number <= 4))
-		BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InvalidOpcode() << errinfo_comment("Invalid LOG instruction requested."));
+	assertThrow(_number <= 4, InvalidOpcode, "Invalid LOG instruction requested.");
 	return Instruction(unsigned(Instruction::LOG0) + _number);
 }

--- a/libp2p/Host.cpp
+++ b/libp2p/Host.cpp
@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include <memory>
 #include <boost/algorithm/string.hpp>
 #include <libdevcore/Common.h>
+#include <libdevcore/Assertions.h>
 #include <libdevcore/CommonIO.h>
 #include <libdevcore/StructuredLogger.h>
 #include <libethcore/Exceptions.h>
@ -176,14 +177,14 @@ unsigned Host::protocolVersion() const

 void Host::startPeerSession(Public const& _id, RLP const& _rlp, RLPXFrameIO* _io, bi::tcp::endpoint _endpoint)
 {
-	/// Get or create Peer
 	shared_ptr<Peer> p;
-	p = m_peers[_id];
-	if (!p)
+	if (!m_peers.count(_id))
 	{
-		p.reset(new Peer()); // this maybe redundant
+		p.reset(new Peer());
 		p->id = _id;
 	}
+	else
+		p = m_peers[_id];
 	p->m_lastDisconnect = NoDisconnect;
 	if (p->isOffline())
 		p->m_lastConnected = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
@ -276,9 +277,9 @@ void Host::onNodeTableEvent(NodeId const& _n, NodeTableEventType const& _e)
 				connect(p);
 		}
 	}
-	else if (_e == NodeEntryRemoved)
+	else if (_e == NodeEntryDropped)
 	{
-		clog(NetNote) << "p2p.host.nodeTable.events.nodeEntryRemoved " << _n;
+		clog(NetNote) << "p2p.host.nodeTable.events.NodeEntryDropped " << _n;

 		RecursiveGuard l(x_sessions);
 		m_peers.erase(_n);
--- a/libp2p/Host.h
+++ b/libp2p/Host.h
@ -113,6 +113,7 @@ public:
 	CapDescs caps() const { CapDescs ret; for (auto const& i: m_capabilities) ret.push_back(i.first); return ret; }
 	template <class T> std::shared_ptr<T> cap() const { try { return std::static_pointer_cast<T>(m_capabilities.at(std::make_pair(T::staticName(), T::staticVersion()))); } catch (...) { return nullptr; } }

+	/// Add node as a peer candidate. Node is added if discovery ping is successful and table has capacity.
 	void addNode(NodeId const& _node, std::string const& _addr, unsigned short _tcpPort, unsigned short _udpPort);

 	/// Set ideal number of peers.
--- a/libp2p/Network.cpp
+++ b/libp2p/Network.cpp
@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include <boost/algorithm/string.hpp>

 #include <libdevcore/Common.h>
+#include <libdevcore/Assertions.h>
 #include <libdevcore/CommonIO.h>
 #include <libethcore/Exceptions.h>
 #include "Common.h"
--- a/libp2p/NodeTable.cpp
+++ b/libp2p/NodeTable.cpp
@ -73,20 +73,16 @@ shared_ptr<NodeEntry> NodeTable::addNode(Node const& _node)
 	// ping address if nodeid is empty
 	if (!_node.id)
 	{
+		m_pubkDiscoverPings[m_node.endpoint.udp.address()] = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
 		PingNode p(_node.endpoint.udp, m_node.endpoint.udp.address().to_string(), m_node.endpoint.udp.port());
 		p.sign(m_secret);
 		m_socketPointer->send(p);
-		shared_ptr<NodeEntry> n;
-		return move(n);
+		return move(shared_ptr<NodeEntry>());
 	}
 	
-	Guard l(x_nodes);
-	if (m_nodes.count(_node.id))
 	{
-//		// SECURITY: remove this in beta - it's only for lazy connections and presents an easy attack vector.
-//		if (m_server->m_peers.count(id) && isPrivateAddress(m_server->m_peers.at(id)->address.address()) && ep.port() != 0)
-//			// Update address if the node if we now have a public IP for it.
-//			m_server->m_peers[id]->address = ep;
+		Guard ln(x_nodes);
+		if (m_nodes.count(_node.id))
 			return m_nodes[_node.id];
 	}
 	
@ -95,12 +91,6 @@ shared_ptr<NodeEntry> NodeTable::addNode(Node const& _node)
 	PingNode p(_node.endpoint.udp, m_node.endpoint.udp.address().to_string(), m_node.endpoint.udp.port());
 	p.sign(m_secret);
 	m_socketPointer->send(p);
-	
-	// TODO p2p: rename to p2p.nodes.pending, add p2p.nodes.add event (when pong is received)
-	clog(NodeTableUpdate) << "p2p.nodes.add " << _node.id.abridged();
-	if (m_nodeEventHandler)
-		m_nodeEventHandler->appendEvent(_node.id, NodeEntryAdded);
-	
 	return ret;
 }

@ -135,7 +125,6 @@ list<NodeEntry> NodeTable::snapshot() const

 Node NodeTable::node(NodeId const& _id)
 {
-	// TODO p2p: eloquent copy operator
 	Guard l(x_nodes);
 	if (m_nodes.count(_id))
 	{
@ -149,7 +138,7 @@ Node NodeTable::node(NodeId const& _id)
 shared_ptr<NodeEntry> NodeTable::nodeEntry(NodeId _id)
 {
 	Guard l(x_nodes);
-	return m_nodes.count(_id) ? move(m_nodes[_id]) : move(shared_ptr<NodeEntry>());
+	return m_nodes.count(_id) ? m_nodes[_id] : shared_ptr<NodeEntry>();
 }

 void NodeTable::discover(NodeId _node, unsigned _round, shared_ptr<set<shared_ptr<NodeEntry>>> _tried)
@ -191,7 +180,7 @@ void NodeTable::discover(NodeId _node, unsigned _round, shared_ptr<set<shared_pt
 	}
 	
 	auto self(shared_from_this());
-	m_evictionCheckTimer.expires_from_now(boost::posix_time::milliseconds(c_reqTimeout.count()));
+	m_evictionCheckTimer.expires_from_now(boost::posix_time::milliseconds(c_reqTimeout.count() * 2));
 	m_evictionCheckTimer.async_wait([this, self, _node, _round, _tried](boost::system::error_code const& _ec)
 	{
 		if (_ec)
@ -297,8 +286,6 @@ void NodeTable::evict(shared_ptr<NodeEntry> _leastSeen, shared_ptr<NodeEntry> _n
 		m_evictions.push_back(EvictionTimeout(make_pair(_leastSeen->id,chrono::steady_clock::now()), _new->id));
 		if (m_evictions.size() == 1)
 			doCheckEvictions(boost::system::error_code());
-		
-		m_evictions.push_back(EvictionTimeout(make_pair(_leastSeen->id,chrono::steady_clock::now()), _new->id));
 	}
 	ping(_leastSeen.get());
 }
@ -308,22 +295,25 @@ void NodeTable::noteActiveNode(Public const& _pubk, bi::udp::endpoint const& _en
 	if (_pubk == m_node.address())
 		return;

+	shared_ptr<NodeEntry> node = nodeEntry(_pubk);
+	if (!!node && !node->pending)
+	{
 		clog(NodeTableConnect) << "Noting active node:" << _pubk.abridged() << _endpoint.address().to_string() << ":" << _endpoint.port();
 		
-	shared_ptr<NodeEntry> node(addNode(_pubk, _endpoint, bi::tcp::endpoint(_endpoint.address(), _endpoint.port())));
+		// update udp endpoint
+		node->endpoint.udp.address(_endpoint.address());
+		node->endpoint.udp.port(_endpoint.port());
 		
-	// TODO p2p: old bug (maybe gone now) sometimes node is nullptr here
-	if (!!node)
-	{
 		shared_ptr<NodeEntry> contested;
 		{
 			Guard l(x_state);
 			NodeBucket& s = bucket_UNSAFE(node.get());
-			s.nodes.remove_if([&node](weak_ptr<NodeEntry> n)
+			bool removed = false;
+			s.nodes.remove_if([&node, &removed](weak_ptr<NodeEntry> const& n)
 			{
 				if (n.lock() == node)
-					return true;
-				return false;
+					removed = true;
+				return removed;
 			});
 			
 			if (s.nodes.size() >= s_bucketSize)
@ -335,12 +325,18 @@ void NodeTable::noteActiveNode(Public const& _pubk, bi::udp::endpoint const& _en
 					s.nodes.pop_front();
 					s.nodes.push_back(node);
 					s.touch();
+					
+					if (!removed)
+						m_nodeEventHandler->appendEvent(node->id, NodeEntryAdded);
 				}
 			}
 			else
 			{
 				s.nodes.push_back(node);
 				s.touch();
+				
+				if (!removed)
+					m_nodeEventHandler->appendEvent(node->id, NodeEntryAdded);
 			}
 		}
 		
@ -351,19 +347,17 @@ void NodeTable::noteActiveNode(Public const& _pubk, bi::udp::endpoint const& _en

 void NodeTable::dropNode(shared_ptr<NodeEntry> _n)
 {
+	// remove from nodetable
 	{
 		Guard l(x_state);
 		NodeBucket& s = bucket_UNSAFE(_n.get());
 		s.nodes.remove_if([&_n](weak_ptr<NodeEntry> n) { return n.lock() == _n; });
 	}
-	{
-		Guard l(x_nodes);
-		m_nodes.erase(_n->id);
-	}
 	
+	// notify host
 	clog(NodeTableUpdate) << "p2p.nodes.drop " << _n->id.abridged();
 	if (m_nodeEventHandler)
-		m_nodeEventHandler->appendEvent(_n->id, NodeEntryRemoved);
+		m_nodeEventHandler->appendEvent(_n->id, NodeEntryDropped);
 }

 NodeTable::NodeBucket& NodeTable::bucket_UNSAFE(NodeEntry const* _n)
@ -401,9 +395,6 @@ void NodeTable::onReceived(UDPSocketFace*, bi::udp::endpoint const& _from, bytes
 	}
 	
 	unsigned packetType = signedBytes[0];
-	if (packetType && packetType < 4)
-		noteActiveNode(nodeid, _from);
-	
 	bytesConstRef rlpBytes(_packet.cropped(h256::size + Signature::size + 1));
 	RLP rlp(rlpBytes);
 	try {
@ -411,37 +402,49 @@ void NodeTable::onReceived(UDPSocketFace*, bi::udp::endpoint const& _from, bytes
 		{
 			case Pong::type:
 			{
-//				clog(NodeTableMessageSummary) << "Received Pong from " << _from.address().to_string() << ":" << _from.port();
 				Pong in = Pong::fromBytesConstRef(_from, rlpBytes);
 				
 				// whenever a pong is received, check if it's in m_evictions
 				Guard le(x_evictions);
+				bool evictionEntry = false;
 				for (auto it = m_evictions.begin(); it != m_evictions.end(); it++)
 					if (it->first.first == nodeid && it->first.second > std::chrono::steady_clock::now())
 					{
+						evictionEntry = true;
 						if (auto n = nodeEntry(it->second))
 							dropNode(n);
 						
-						if (auto n = node(it->first.first))
-							addNode(n);
+						if (auto n = nodeEntry(it->first.first))
+							if (m_nodeEventHandler && n->pending)
+								n->pending = false;
 						
 						it = m_evictions.erase(it);
 					}
+				
+				// if not, check if it's known/pending or a pubk discovery ping
+				if (!evictionEntry)
+				{
+					if (auto n = nodeEntry(nodeid))
+						n->pending = false;
+				}
+				else if (m_pubkDiscoverPings.count(_from.address()))
+					m_pubkDiscoverPings.erase(_from.address());
+				else
+					return; // unsolicited pong; don't note node as active
+				
 				break;
 			}
 				
 			case Neighbours::type:
 			{
 				Neighbours in = Neighbours::fromBytesConstRef(_from, rlpBytes);
-//				clog(NodeTableMessageSummary) << "Received " << in.nodes.size() << " Neighbours from " << _from.address().to_string() << ":" << _from.port();
 				for (auto n: in.nodes)
-					noteActiveNode(n.node, bi::udp::endpoint(bi::address::from_string(n.ipAddress), n.port));
+					addNode(n.node, bi::udp::endpoint(bi::address::from_string(n.ipAddress), n.port), bi::tcp::endpoint(bi::address::from_string(n.ipAddress), n.port));
 				break;
 			}

 			case FindNode::type:
 			{
-//				clog(NodeTableMessageSummary) << "Received FindNode from " << _from.address().to_string() << ":" << _from.port();
 				FindNode in = FindNode::fromBytesConstRef(_from, rlpBytes);

 				vector<shared_ptr<NodeEntry>> nearest = nearestNodeEntries(in.target);
@ -450,6 +453,8 @@ void NodeTable::onReceived(UDPSocketFace*, bi::udp::endpoint const& _from, bytes
 				{
 					Neighbours out(_from, nearest, offset, nlimit);
 					out.sign(m_secret);
+					if (out.data.size() > 1280)
+						clog(NetWarn) << "Sending truncated datagram, size: " << out.data.size();
 					m_socketPointer->send(out);
 				}
 				break;
@ -457,8 +462,8 @@ void NodeTable::onReceived(UDPSocketFace*, bi::udp::endpoint const& _from, bytes

 			case PingNode::type:
 			{
-//				clog(NodeTableMessageSummary) << "Received PingNode from " << _from.address().to_string() << ":" << _from.port();
 				PingNode in = PingNode::fromBytesConstRef(_from, rlpBytes);
+				addNode(nodeid, _from, bi::tcp::endpoint(bi::address::from_string(in.ipAddress), in.port));
 				
 				Pong p(_from);
 				p.echo = sha3(rlpBytes);
@ -471,6 +476,8 @@ void NodeTable::onReceived(UDPSocketFace*, bi::udp::endpoint const& _from, bytes
 				clog(NodeTableWarn) << "Invalid Message, " << hex << packetType << ", received from " << _from.address().to_string() << ":" << dec << _from.port();
 				return;
 		}
+
+		noteActiveNode(nodeid, _from);
 	}
 	catch (...)
 	{
--- a/libp2p/NodeTable.h
+++ b/libp2p/NodeTable.h
@ -44,11 +44,13 @@ struct NodeEntry: public Node
 	NodeEntry(Node _src, Public _pubk, bi::udp::endpoint _udp);

 	unsigned const distance;	///< Node's distance (xor of _src as integer).
+
+	bool pending = true;		///< Node will be ignored until Pong is received
 };

 enum NodeTableEventType {
 	NodeEntryAdded,
-	NodeEntryRemoved
+	NodeEntryDropped
 };
 class NodeTable;
 class NodeTableEventHandler
@ -101,11 +103,10 @@ inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& _out, NodeTable const& _nodeTable)
 * NodeTable accepts a port for UDP and will listen to the port on all available
 * interfaces.
 *
+ *
 * [Integration]
- * @todo restore nodes: affects refreshbuckets
 * @todo TCP endpoints
- * @todo makeRequired: don't try to evict node if node isRequired.
- * @todo makeRequired: exclude bucket from refresh if we have node as peer.
+ * @todo GC uniform 1/32 entires at 112500ms interval
 *
 * [Optimization]
 * @todo serialize evictions per-bucket
@ -140,16 +141,16 @@ public:
 	/// Returns distance based on xor metric two node ids. Used by NodeEntry and NodeTable.
 	static unsigned distance(NodeId const& _a, NodeId const& _b) { u512 d = _a ^ _b; unsigned ret; for (ret = 0; d >>= 1; ++ret) {}; return ret; }

-	/// Set event handler for NodeEntryAdded and NodeEntryRemoved events.
+	/// Set event handler for NodeEntryAdded and NodeEntryDropped events.
 	void setEventHandler(NodeTableEventHandler* _handler) { m_nodeEventHandler.reset(_handler); }

-	/// Called by implementation which provided handler to process NodeEntryAdded/NodeEntryRemoved events. Events are coalesced by type whereby old events are ignored.
+	/// Called by implementation which provided handler to process NodeEntryAdded/NodeEntryDropped events. Events are coalesced by type whereby old events are ignored.
 	void processEvents();

-	/// Add node. Node will be pinged if it's not already known.
+	/// Add node. Node will be pinged and empty shared_ptr is returned if NodeId is uknown.
 	std::shared_ptr<NodeEntry> addNode(Public const& _pubk, bi::udp::endpoint const& _udp, bi::tcp::endpoint const& _tcp);

-	/// Add node. Node will be pinged if it's not already known.
+	/// Add node. Node will be pinged and empty shared_ptr is returned if node has never been seen.
 	std::shared_ptr<NodeEntry> addNode(Node const& _node);

 	/// To be called when node table is empty. Runs node discovery with m_node.id as the target in order to populate node-table.
@ -225,7 +226,7 @@ private:
 	/// Asynchronously drops _leastSeen node if it doesn't reply and adds _new node, otherwise _new node is thrown away.
 	void evict(std::shared_ptr<NodeEntry> _leastSeen, std::shared_ptr<NodeEntry> _new);

-	/// Called whenever activity is received from an unknown node in order to maintain node table.
+	/// Called whenever activity is received from a node in order to maintain node table.
 	void noteActiveNode(Public const& _pubk, bi::udp::endpoint const& _endpoint);

 	/// Used to drop node when timeout occurs or when evict() result is to keep previous node.
@ -266,6 +267,9 @@ private:
 	Mutex x_evictions;										///< LOCK x_nodes first if both x_nodes and x_evictions locks are required.
 	std::deque<EvictionTimeout> m_evictions;					///< Eviction timeouts.
 	
+	Mutex x_pubkDiscoverPings;								///< LOCK x_nodes first if both x_nodes and x_pubkDiscoverPings locks are required.
+	std::map<bi::address, TimePoint> m_pubkDiscoverPings;		///< List of pending pings where node entry wasn't created due to unkown pubk.
+
 	ba::io_service& m_io;										///< Used by bucket refresh timer.
 	std::shared_ptr<NodeSocket> m_socket;						///< Shared pointer for our UDPSocket; ASIO requires shared_ptr.
 	NodeSocket* m_socketPointer;								///< Set to m_socket.get(). Socket is created in constructor and disconnected in destructor to ensure access to pointer is safe.
--- a/libp2p/RLPxFrameIO.cpp
+++ b/libp2p/RLPxFrameIO.cpp
@ -19,11 +19,13 @@
 * @date 2015
 */

+#include "RLPxFrameIO.h"
+#include <libdevcore/Assertions.h>
 #include "Host.h"
 #include "Session.h"
 #include "Peer.h"
 #include "RLPxHandshake.h"
-#include "RLPxFrameIO.h"
+
 using namespace std;
 using namespace dev;
 using namespace dev::p2p;
--- a/libsolidity/AST.h
+++ b/libsolidity/AST.h
@ -553,17 +553,24 @@ private:
 class EventDefinition: public Declaration, public VariableScope, public Documented
 {
 public:
-	EventDefinition(SourceLocation const& _location,
+	EventDefinition(
+		SourceLocation const& _location,
 		ASTPointer<ASTString> const& _name,
 		ASTPointer<ASTString> const& _documentation,
-					ASTPointer<ParameterList> const& _parameters):
-		Declaration(_location, _name), Documented(_documentation), m_parameters(_parameters) {}
+		ASTPointer<ParameterList> const& _parameters,
+		bool _anonymous = false
+	):
+		Declaration(_location, _name),
+		Documented(_documentation),
+		m_parameters(_parameters),
+		m_anonymous(_anonymous){}

 	virtual void accept(ASTVisitor& _visitor) override;
 	virtual void accept(ASTConstVisitor& _visitor) const override;

 	std::vector<ASTPointer<VariableDeclaration>> const& getParameters() const { return m_parameters->getParameters(); }
 	ParameterList const& getParameterList() const { return *m_parameters; }
+	bool isAnonymous() const { return m_anonymous; }

 	virtual TypePointer getType(ContractDefinition const* = nullptr) const override
 	{
@ -574,6 +581,7 @@ public:

 private:
 	ASTPointer<ParameterList> m_parameters;
+	bool m_anonymous = false;
 };

 /**
--- a/libsolidity/ExpressionCompiler.cpp
+++ b/libsolidity/ExpressionCompiler.cpp
@ -542,8 +542,11 @@ bool ExpressionCompiler::visit(FunctionCall const& _functionCall)
 					appendTypeConversion(*arguments[arg - 1]->getType(),
 										 *function.getParameterTypes()[arg - 1], true);
 				}
+			if (!event.isAnonymous())
+			{
 				m_context << u256(h256::Arith(dev::sha3(function.getCanonicalSignature(event.getName()))));
 				++numIndexed;
+			}
 			solAssert(numIndexed <= 4, "Too many indexed arguments.");
 			// Copy all non-indexed arguments to memory (data)
 			m_context << u256(0);
--- a/libsolidity/InterfaceHandler.cpp
+++ b/libsolidity/InterfaceHandler.cpp
@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ std::unique_ptr<std::string> InterfaceHandler::getABIInterface(ContractDefinitio
 		Json::Value event;
 		event["type"] = "event";
 		event["name"] = it->getName();
+		event["anonymous"] = it->isAnonymous();
 		Json::Value params(Json::arrayValue);
 		for (auto const& p: it->getParameters())
 		{
--- a/libsolidity/Parser.cpp
+++ b/libsolidity/Parser.cpp
@ -394,9 +394,15 @@ ASTPointer<EventDefinition> Parser::parseEventDefinition()
 		parameters = parseParameterList(true, true);
 	else
 		parameters = createEmptyParameterList();
+	bool anonymous = false;
+	if (m_scanner->getCurrentToken() == Token::Anonymous)
+	{
+		anonymous = true;
+		m_scanner->next();
+	}
 	nodeFactory.markEndPosition();
 	expectToken(Token::Semicolon);
-	return nodeFactory.createNode<EventDefinition>(name, docstring, parameters);
+	return nodeFactory.createNode<EventDefinition>(name, docstring, parameters, anonymous);
 }

 ASTPointer<ModifierInvocation> Parser::parseModifierInvocation()
--- a/libsolidity/Token.h
+++ b/libsolidity/Token.h
@ -145,6 +145,7 @@ namespace solidity
 	K(Break, "break", 0)                                               \
 	K(Case, "case", 0)                                                 \
 	K(Const, "constant", 0)                                            \
+	K(Anonymous, "anonymous", 0)                                       \
 	K(Continue, "continue", 0)                                         \
 	K(Contract, "contract", 0)                                         \
 	K(Default, "default", 0)                                           \
--- a/libsolidity/Types.cpp
+++ b/libsolidity/Types.cpp
@ -536,14 +536,8 @@ bool FixedBytesType::isImplicitlyConvertibleTo(Type const& _convertTo) const

 bool FixedBytesType::isExplicitlyConvertibleTo(Type const& _convertTo) const
 {
-	if (_convertTo.getCategory() == Category::Integer)
-	{
-		IntegerType const& convertTo = dynamic_cast<IntegerType const&>(_convertTo);
-		if (m_bytes * 8 <= convertTo.getNumBits())
-			return true;
-	}
-
-	return _convertTo.getCategory() == Category::Contract ||
+	return _convertTo.getCategory() == Category::Integer ||
+		_convertTo.getCategory() == Category::Contract ||
 		_convertTo.getCategory() == getCategory();
 }

--- a/libsolidity/Utils.h
+++ b/libsolidity/Utils.h
@ -22,34 +22,9 @@

 #pragma once

-#include <string>
-#include <libsolidity/Exceptions.h>
-
-namespace dev
-{
-namespace solidity
-{
+#include <libdevcore/Assertions.h>

 /// Assertion that throws an InternalCompilerError containing the given description if it is not met.
 #define solAssert(CONDITION, DESCRIPTION) \
-	::dev::solidity::solAssertAux(CONDITION, DESCRIPTION, __LINE__, __FILE__, ETH_FUNC)
-
-inline void solAssertAux(bool _condition, std::string const& _errorDescription, unsigned _line,
-						 char const* _file, char const* _function)
-{
-	if (!_condition)
-		::boost::throw_exception( InternalCompilerError()
-				<< errinfo_comment(_errorDescription)
-				<< ::boost::throw_function(_function)
-				<< ::boost::throw_file(_file)
-				<< ::boost::throw_line(_line));
-}
-
-inline void solAssertAux(void const* _pointer, std::string const& _errorDescription, unsigned _line,
-						 char const* _file, char const* _function)
-{
-	solAssertAux(_pointer != nullptr, _errorDescription, _line, _file, _function);
-}
+	assertThrow(CONDITION, ::dev::solidity::InternalCompilerError, DESCRIPTION)

-}
-}
--- a/libweb3jsonrpc/WebThreeStubServerBase.cpp
+++ b/libweb3jsonrpc/WebThreeStubServerBase.cpp
@ -953,9 +953,9 @@ void WebThreeStubServerBase::authenticate(TransactionSkeleton const& _t, bool _t
 	if (_toProxy)
 		m_accounts->queueTransaction(_t);
 	else if (_t.to)
-		client()->transact(m_accounts->secretKey(_t.from), _t.value, _t.to, _t.data, _t.gas, _t.gasPrice);
+		client()->submitTransaction(m_accounts->secretKey(_t.from), _t.value, _t.to, _t.data, _t.gas, _t.gasPrice);
 	else
-		client()->transact(m_accounts->secretKey(_t.from), _t.value, _t.data, _t.gas, _t.gasPrice);
+		client()->submitTransaction(m_accounts->secretKey(_t.from), _t.value, _t.data, _t.gas, _t.gasPrice);
 }

 void WebThreeStubServerBase::setAccounts(const vector<KeyPair>& _accounts)
--- a/mix/ClientModel.cpp
+++ b/mix/ClientModel.cpp
@ -439,13 +439,13 @@ void ClientModel::debugRecord(unsigned _index)

 Address ClientModel::deployContract(bytes const& _code, TransactionSettings const& _ctrTransaction)
 {
-	Address newAddress = m_client->transact(_ctrTransaction.sender, _ctrTransaction.value, _code, _ctrTransaction.gas, _ctrTransaction.gasPrice);
+	Address newAddress = m_client->submitTransaction(_ctrTransaction.sender, _ctrTransaction.value, _code, _ctrTransaction.gas, _ctrTransaction.gasPrice);
 	return newAddress;
 }

 void ClientModel::callContract(Address const& _contract, bytes const& _data, TransactionSettings const& _tr)
 {
-	m_client->transact(_tr.sender, _tr.value, _contract, _data, _tr.gas, _tr.gasPrice);
+	m_client->submitTransaction(_tr.sender, _tr.value, _contract, _data, _tr.gas, _tr.gasPrice);
 }

 RecordLogEntry* ClientModel::lastBlock() const
@ -529,7 +529,7 @@ void ClientModel::onNewTransaction()
 			{
 				function = funcDef->name();
 				ContractCallDataEncoder encoder;
-				QStringList returnValues = encoder.decode(funcDef->returnParameters(), tr.returnValue);
+				QStringList returnValues = encoder.decode(funcDef->returnParameters(), tr.result.output);
 				returned += "(";
 				returned += returnValues.join(", ");
 				returned += ")";
--- a/mix/MachineStates.h
+++ b/mix/MachineStates.h
@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ along with cpp-ethereum.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #include <libdevcore/Common.h>
 #include <libdevcrypto/Common.h>
 #include <libevmcore/Instruction.h>
+#include <libethereum/Transaction.h>
 #include <libethereum/TransactionReceipt.h>

 namespace dev
@ -74,7 +75,7 @@ namespace mix
 		std::vector<MachineState> machineStates;
 		std::vector<bytes> transactionData;
 		std::vector<MachineCode> executionCode;
-		bytes returnValue;
+		dev::eth::ExecutionResult result;
 		dev::Address address;
 		dev::Address sender;
 		dev::Address contractAddress;
--- a/mix/MixClient.cpp
+++ b/mix/MixClient.cpp
@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ void MixClient::executeTransaction(Transaction const& _t, State& _state, bool _c
 	execution.finalize();

 	ExecutionResult d;
-	d.returnValue = execution.out().toVector();
+	d.result = execution.executionResult();
 	d.machineStates = machineStates;
 	d.executionCode = std::move(codes);
 	d.transactionData = std::move(data);
@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ void MixClient::executeTransaction(Transaction const& _t, State& _state, bool _c
 	// execute on a state
 	if (!_call)
 	{
-		_state.execute(lastHashes, rlp, nullptr, true);
+		_state.execute(lastHashes, rlp);
 		if (_t.isCreation() && _state.code(d.contractAddress).empty())
 			BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(OutOfGas() << errinfo_comment("Not enough gas for contract deployment"));
 		// collect watches
@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ State MixClient::asOf(int _block) const
 		return State(m_stateDB, bc(), bc().numberHash(_block));
 }

-void MixClient::transact(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice)
+void MixClient::submitTransaction(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice)
 {
 	WriteGuard l(x_state);
 	u256 n = m_state.transactionsFrom(toAddress(_secret));
@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ void MixClient::transact(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const
 	executeTransaction(t, m_state, false);
 }

-Address MixClient::transact(Secret _secret, u256 _endowment, bytes const& _init, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice)
+Address MixClient::submitTransaction(Secret _secret, u256 _endowment, bytes const& _init, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice)
 {
 	WriteGuard l(x_state);
 	u256 n = m_state.transactionsFrom(toAddress(_secret));
@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ void MixClient::flushTransactions()
 {
 }

-bytes MixClient::call(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice, int _blockNumber)
+dev::eth::ExecutionResult MixClient::call(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice, int _blockNumber)
 {
 	u256 n;
 	State temp;
@ -296,7 +296,23 @@ bytes MixClient::call(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _
 	bytes rlp = t.rlp();
 	WriteGuard lw(x_state); //TODO: lock is required only for last execution state
 	executeTransaction(t, temp, true);
-	return lastExecution().returnValue;
+	return lastExecution().result;
+}
+
+dev::eth::ExecutionResult MixClient::create(Secret _secret, u256 _value, bytes const& _data, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice, int _blockNumber)
+{
+	u256 n;
+	State temp;
+	{
+		ReadGuard lr(x_state);
+		temp = asOf(_blockNumber);
+		n = temp.transactionsFrom(toAddress(_secret));
+	}
+	Transaction t(_value, _gasPrice, _gas, _data, n, _secret);
+	bytes rlp = t.rlp();
+	WriteGuard lw(x_state); //TODO: lock is required only for last execution state
+	executeTransaction(t, temp, true);
+	return lastExecution().result;
 }

 u256 MixClient::balanceAt(Address _a, int _block) const
--- a/mix/MixClient.h
+++ b/mix/MixClient.h
@ -48,11 +48,12 @@ public:
 	ExecutionResult execution(unsigned _index) const;

 	//dev::eth::Interface
-	void transact(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice) override;
-	Address transact(Secret _secret, u256 _endowment, bytes const& _init, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice) override;
+	void submitTransaction(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice) override;
+	Address submitTransaction(Secret _secret, u256 _endowment, bytes const& _init, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice) override;
 	void inject(bytesConstRef _rlp) override;
 	void flushTransactions() override;
-	bytes call(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice, int _blockNumber) override;
+	dev::eth::ExecutionResult call(Secret _secret, u256 _value, Address _dest, bytes const& _data, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice, int _blockNumber) override;
+	dev::eth::ExecutionResult create(Secret _secret, u256 _value, bytes const& _data, u256 _gas, u256 _gasPrice, int _blockNumber) override;
 	u256 balanceAt(Address _a, int _block) const override;
 	u256 countAt(Address _a, int _block) const override;
 	u256 stateAt(Address _a, u256 _l, int _block) const override;